Objective[edit | edit source] Show
The purpose of the Index of ADL, or KATZ ADL, is to monitor the prognosis and treatment of older adults and chronically ill people[1]. In particular, the KATZ ADL measures a person's independence in common activities of daily living (ADL). Age-related changes and health problems frequently show themselves as declines in the functional status of older adults. This decline often places the older adult on a downwards health spiral. An effective way to evaluate the health status of older adults is through their functional ability. An objective assessment which provides objective data helps indicate decline or improvement in health status, allowing the physiotherapist to plan and intervene appropriately[2]. [3] Intended Population[edit | edit source]Older adults and individuals with chronic diseases. Method of Use[edit | edit source]The Katz ADL, is an appropriate tool to assess functional status when measuring the client’s ability to perform activities of daily living independently. It takes less than five minutes to perform and requires training[4]. Physiotherapists use the tool when assessing function and detect problems in performing ADL and formulate a plan care. The Index ranks adequacy of performance in six functions: bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding. One point means the person is independent; zero points means the person requires supervision, direction, personal assistance or total care. The following is referenced from McCabe[2]. BATHING Points: __________ 1 POINT: Bathes self completely or needs help in bathing only a single part of the body such as the back, genital area or disabled extremity. 0 POINTS: Need help with bathing more than one part of the body, getting in or out of the tub or shower. Requires total bathing. DRESSING Points: __________ 1 POINT: Get clothes from closets and drawers and puts on clothes and outer garments complete with fasteners. May have help tying shoes. 0 POINTS: Needs help with dressing self or needs to be completely dressed. TOILETING Points: __________ 1 POINT: Goes to toilet, gets on and off, arranges clothes, cleans genital area without help. 0 POINTS: Needs help transferring to the toilet, cleaning self or uses bedpan or commode. TRANSFERRING Points: __________ 1 POINT: Moves in and out of bed or chair unassisted. Mechanical transfer aids are acceptable. 0 POINTS: Needs help in moving from bed to chair or requires a complete transfer. CONTINENCE Points: __________ 1 POINT: Exercises complete self control over urination and defecation. 0 POINTS: Is partially or totally incontinent of bowel or bladder. FEEDING Points: __________ 1 POINT: Gets food from plate into mouth without help. Preparation of food may be done by another person. 0 POINTS: Needs partial or total help with feeding or requires parenteral feeding. TOTAL POINTS: ________ SCORING: 6 = High (patient independent) 0 = Low (patient very dependent) Evidence[edit | edit source]Validity[edit | edit source]Construct Validity[edit | edit source]Scores on the Katz ADL Index are correlated with scores on the Barthel Index[2]. Predictive Validity[edit | edit source]There is an indication the KATZ may have a predictive quality in regards to living situation and mortality[5], as well as stroke prognosis[6]. Turkish[7] and Spanish[8] versions have been translated and assessed for validity. Responsiveness[edit | edit source]The KATZ has a significant floor effect, i.e. it is unable to detect change at low levels of disability[9]. This occurs as it does not assess more advanced activities of daily living and it is limited in its ability to measure small increments of change seen in the rehabilitation of older adults. A comprehensive geriatric assessment should follow when appropriate. References[edit | edit source]
Which parameters are included in the Lawton?This scale comprises eight items, including the ability to use a telephone, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping, laundry, use of public transportation, managing self-medication, and handling finances.
What is the Lawton instrumental activities of daily living?The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale assesses a person's ability to perform tasks such as using a telephone, doing laundry, and handling finances. Measuring eight domains, it can be administered in 10 to 15 minutes.
How do you interpret Lawton IADL scale?The Lawton IADL scale can be scored in several ways. The most common method is to rate each item either dichotomously (0 = less able, 1 = more able) or trichotomously (1 = unable, 2 = needs assistance, 3 = independent) and sum the eight responses. The higher the score, the greater the person's abilities.
What do activities of daily living ADLs measure?The term "activities of daily living," or ADLs, refers to the basic tasks of everyday life, such as eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, and transferring.
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