Filters, Interceptors, and Listeners are three common components of the Spring Boot framework whose primary function is to process and enhance requests and responses before they reach the controller or after they leave the controller. Although their roles are similar, the implementation mechanism, scope and usage differ between them. Filter (Filter) Filter is a component provided by the Servlet container, mainly used for pre-processing HTTP requests and post-processing HTTP responses. Filters are a global component that can intercept all requests and responses, including static resource files (such as HTML, CSS and JS files) and dynamic resource files (such as JSPs and Servlets). In Spring Boot, it can be registered using FilterRegistrationBean. Interceptor Interceptor is a component provided by the Spring Framework and is mainly used to process and enhance requests and responses before they reach the controller or after the response leaves the controller. Interceptors can only intercept requests from the Controller layer and cannot intercept requests for static resources. In Spring Boot, you can customize interceptors by implementing HandlerInterceptor interface or by inheriting HandlerInterceptorAdapter class. Listeners (Listener) A listener is a component of a JavaWeb application that is used to listen for events in the Web application such as requests, sessions, contexts, etc. In Spring Boot, custom listeners can be implemented by implementing the ApplicationListener interface. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) Filter
Looking to compare Spring Interceptors and Filters? This ultimate comparison guide will help you understand the pros and cons of each and how they impact the execution flow of your Spring Boot application. ContextWhen building Spring Boot applications, it’s common to come across the terms “interceptor” and “filter”. Both are used for intercepting requests and responses in the application, but there are some key differences between the two. In this blog post, we’ll explore the difference between Spring Interceptors and Filters. Spring Interceptors are used to intercept requests and responses at the controller level. They are executed before the controller method is invoked and after the controller method has returned. This means that you can modify the request or response before it reaches the controller or after it has been processed by the controller. Interceptors are typically used for:
Spring Interceptors are implemented using the HandlerInterceptor interface. This interface defines three methods:
FiltersFilters, on the other hand, are used to intercept requests and responses at the servlet level. They are executed before the request reaches the servlet and after the response has been generated. Filters can be used to modify the request or response or to perform some other action on the request or response. Filters are typically used for:
Filters are implemented using the
Key DifferencesThe key difference between Spring Interceptors and Filters is the level at which they operate. Interceptors operate at the controller level, while Filters operate at the servlet level. This means that Interceptors have access to the controller and can modify the model and view, while Filters do not have access to the controller and can only modify the request and response. Another difference is the order in which they are executed. Interceptors are executed before and after the controller method, while Filters are executed before and after the servlet. This means that Interceptors have more fine-grained control over the request and response, while Filters have more general control over the request and response. Sr. No.AspectSpring InterceptorsFilters1.Level of operationController levelServlet level2.AccessAccess to controllerNo access to controller3.Execution orderBefore/after controller methodBefore/after servlet4.Defined inSpring FrameworkServlet specification5.InterfaceHandlerInterceptorjakarta.servlet.FilterSpring Interceptors vs Filters Request Execution Flow
ConclusionIn summary, Spring Interceptors and Filters are both used for intercepting requests and responses in web applications. Interceptors operate at the controller level, while Filters operate at the servlet level. Interceptors have more fine-grained control over the request and response, while Filters have more general control over the request and response. Both Interceptors and Filters are useful tools for customizing and enhancing web applications, and it’s important to understand the differences between them when choosing which to use in your application. |