This calculator returns a variety of information regarding Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6 subnets including possible network addresses, usable host ranges, subnet mask, and IP class, among others. Show
IPv4 Subnet CalculatorIPv6 Subnet CalculatorA subnet is a division of an IP network (internet protocol suite), where an IP network is a set of communications protocols used on the Internet and other similar networks. It is commonly known as TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). The act of dividing a network into at least two separate networks is called subnetting, and routers are devices that allow traffic exchange between subnetworks, serving as a physical boundary. IPv4 is the most common network addressing architecture used, though the use of IPv6 has been growing since 2006. An IP address is comprised of a network number (routing prefix) and a rest field (host identifier). A rest field is an identifier that is specific to a given host or network interface. A routing prefix is often expressed using Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation for both IPv4 and IPv6. CIDR is a method used to create unique identifiers for networks, as well as individual devices. For IPv4, networks can also be characterized using a subnet mask, which is sometimes expressed in dot-decimal notation, as shown in the "Subnet" field in the calculator. All hosts on a subnetwork have the same network prefix, unlike the host identifier, which is a unique local identification. In IPv4, these subnet masks are used to differentiate the network number and host identifier. In IPv6, the network prefix performs a similar function as the subnet mask in IPv4, with the prefix length representing the number of bits in the address. Prior to the introduction of CIDR, IPv4 network prefixes could be directly obtained from the IP address based on the class (A, B, or C, which vary based on the range of IP addresses they include) of the address and the network mask. Since the introduction of CIDRs, however, assigning an IP address to a network interface requires both an address and its network mask. Below is a table providing typical subnets for IPv4.
Taking an example IP address of IP typeCheck if the IP address is within any of the ranges of private IP addresses. If it is, then it is a private address. Otherwise, it is a public address. Looking at the ranges, we see that IP classLooking through the
ranges of each class in the previous section, we see that the IP address Network addressLet's go through the calculation of the network address, step-by-step.
So, Total number of addressesNext, we'll calculate the total number of addresses, as we need that to work out the broadcast address. Use the equation for the total number of addresses, given that the CIDR is 24.
So, the total number of addresses is 256. Broadcast addressNow, we can calculate the broadcast address. Convert the network address from binary to decimal, which gives
So, the broadcast address for our example is First and last host addressesFor the first usable host address, we add one to the network address. While you can do all of the converting to a decimal number, adding one, and switching back to the quad-dotted decimal format, usually, it's easy to work directly with the quad-dotted decimal. Adding one to the network
address The same can be said when calculating the last usable host address, which is the broadcast address minus one. That gives a result of Wildcard maskTo calculate the wildcard mask, convert the subnet mask to binary and flip all the bits. Then switch back to the quad-dotted decimal format.
The wildcard mask for our example is IP address in integer and hexadecimalUsing the binary form of the IP address, we can convert the binary number to integer (base 10) and hexadecimal (base 16).
in-addr.arpaReverse the example IP address IPv4-mapped IPv6 addressIPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses consist of the prefix
6to4 prefixThe 6to4
prefix consists of
That's a lot of work here, isn't it? Thanks to our IP address subnet calculator, you can obtain all of this information in a minute! How many host bits will there be with a 255.255 255.224 subnet mask?A /27 (255.255. 255.224) is 3 bits on and 5 bits off. This provides 8 subnets, each with 30 hosts. Does it matter if this mask is used with a Class A, B, or C network address?
How many IP addresses does 255.255 255.0 have?A subnet mask of 255.255. 255.0 allows for close to 256 unique hosts within the network (since not all 256 IP addresses can be used). If your computer is connected to a network, you can view the network's subnet mask number in the Network control panel (Windows) or System Preference (macOS).
What is the valid host range for the 255.255 255.248 subnet?255.248. What are the subnet, broadcast address, and host range that this host is a member of? The answer is: 256-248=8, 16, 24. This host is in the 16 subnet, the broadcast address of the 16 subnet is 23, and the valid host range is 17-22.
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