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University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England Copyright © 1974 by The Regents of the University of California ISBN: 0-520-01476-6 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 73-92376 Printed in the United States of America

CONTENTS

PREFACE

xiii

1 INTRODUCTION

3

1.1 PURPOSE OF T H E STUDY

3

1.2 USES FOR TEXTS AND TABLES

4

2 PROCEDURES

11

2.1 SOURCES OF MATERIAL

11

2.1.1 Spoken Language 2.1.2 Written Language 2.2 TRANSCRIPTION PROCEDURES

16

2.2.1 Spoken Language 2.2.2 Written Language 2.3 STATISTICAL METHODS

18 v

vi

CONTENTS

3 DISCUSSION OF THE STATISTICAL TABLES

23

3.1 DISCUSSION OF FIRST-ORDER TABLES

23

3.2 DISCUSSION OF HIGHER-ORDER TABLES

40

3.3 FIGURES Figure 3.3.1 Relative Sequential Constraint in Letter and Phonemic Transcriptions of the Speech of First Graders and Adults and in a First Reader Figure 3.3.2 Relative Sequential Constraint for Several Written Texts Figure 3.3.3 Frequency Distribution of Letters from Adult Speech and Adult Text Figure 3.3.4 Relative Sequential Constraint in Three Levels of Children's Freereading Choices

30 35 36 38

4 APPENDIX

48

4.1 TRANSCRIPTION RULES

48

4.2 RULES USED FOR PREPARING LETTER TRANSCRIPTIONS OF SPEECH

49

4.3 PHONEMIC ALPHABET

50

5 REFERENCES

53

6 THE RUNNING TEXTS

57

6.1.1 LETTER TRANSCRIPTION-FIRST GRADE

58

6.1.2 PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTION-FIRST GRADE

59

6.2.1 LETTER TRANSCRIPTION-THIRD GRADE

148

6.2.2 PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTION-THIRD GRADE

149

6.3.1 LETTER TRANSCRIPTION-FIFTH GRADE

244

CONTENTS

vii

6.3.2 PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTION-FIFTH GRADE

245

6.4.1 LETTER TRANSCRIPTION-ADULT

366

6.4.2 PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTION-ADULT

367

7 FIRST-ORDER STATISTICAL TABLES

441

Table 7.1 Frequency and Proportion of Letters in Natural Speech Table 7.2 Frequency and Proportion of Phonemes in Natural Speech Table 7.3 Rank Order of Vowel and Consonant Phonemes by Frequency of Occurrence in First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech Table 7.4 Frequency and Proportion of Phonemes in Natural Speech Classified according to Articulatory Categories in First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech Table 7.5 Product-moment Correlation Matrix for 22 Consonant Phonemes from 16 Sets of Data Table 7.6 Relative Sequential Constraint in Letter and Phonemic Transcriptions of First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech Table 7.7 Comparison of Adult and Child Reading Material in Terms of Information, Constraint, and Mean Word and Sentence Length Table 7.8 Proportions of Each Letter in Adult and Child Reading Material and Adult and Child Speech Table 7.9 Product-moment Correlation Matrix for Relative Frequencies of 26 Letters from Ginn Readers, Adult Printed Language, and First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech Table 7.10 Relative Sequential Constraint in Children's Free-reading Choices Table 7.11 Relative Sequential Constraint as Affected by Sample Size

8 HIGHER-ORDER STATISTICAL TABLES

457

8.1 TABLES OF DIAGRAMS

458

8.1.1 8.1.2 8.1.3 8.1.4

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

CONTENTS

vili 8.2 TABLES OF DIPHONES 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4

466

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

8.3 TABLES OF RANK ORDER

474

8.3.1 Rank-order and Frequency of Word-initial Letters for First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech 8.3.2 Rank-order and Frequency of Word-final Letters for First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech 8.4.1 Rank-order and Frequency of Phrase-initial Phonemes for First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech 8.4.2 Rank-order and Frequency of Phrase-final Phonemes for First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech 8.5 PROPORTIONS OF VOWELS AND CONSONANTS IN WORDFINAL, AND OVERALL POSITION FOR LETTERS AND PHONEMES, FOR FIRST, THIRD, AND FIFTH GRADE, AND ADULT SPEECH 478 8.6 TABLES OF TRIGRAMS 8.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 8.6.4

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

8.7 TABLES OF WORD-INITIAL TRIGRAMS 8.7.1 8.7.2 8.7.3 8.7.4

479

505

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

8.8 TABLES OF WORD-FINAL TRIGRAMS 8.8.1 First Grade 8.8.2 Third Grade 8.8.3 Fifth Grade 8.8.4 Adult

521

CONTENTS 8.9 TABLES OF TRIPHONES 8.9.1 8.9.2 8.9.3 8.9.4

ix 537

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

8.10 TABLES OF WORD-INITIAL TETRAGRAMS 8.10.1 8.10.2 8.10.3 8.10.4

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

8.11 TABLES OF WORD-FINAL TETRAGRAMS 8.11.1 8.11.2 8.11.3 8.11.4

615

First Grade Third Grade Fifth Grade Adult

631

PREFACE

PREFACE

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

1. The U.S. Office of Education, through Project OE-1877, supported the initial phase of the study, including collection of data, key-punching of texts, and the statistical analysis of first-order tables and sequential constraints. Support for higher-order analyses and preparation of the manuscript came from the U.S. Public Health Service, National Institute of Mental Health (Grant MH-07809). The Hope for Hearing Foundation, Los Angeles, California, provided funds to defray the cost of typing the phonemic texts and tables as well as their proofreading. The University of California Press, through its Scientific Fund, graciously bore the original pulication cost. We are particularly grateful for the encouragement of Mr. Robert Zachary, Los Angeles Editor of the Press, and Mr. James Kubeck, Managing Editor of the Press in Los Angeles. There is no brief way of saying how much we are in the debt of Mrs. Claudia Seapy (the former Miss Croteau), Professor David W. Packard, and Mr. Howard Golden. The help they gave in editing, in the design of type and format, and in expert consulting on the arts of computer typesetting and programming is incalculable. Mere money could never pay our debt to them. 2. Computing assistance was obtained from the Health Sciences Computing Facility, UCLA, sponsored by National Institutes of Health Grant FR-3, and from the UCLA Campus Computing Network. 3. We owe thanks to many people for their assistance in arranging for subjects and space, and especially to Mr. Kyle Esgate, Mr. William Haley, Mrs. Esther S. McGinnis, Dr. John D. McNeil, Mrs. Marjorie M. Rohrbough, and Mrs. Genie Swinney. 4. Thanks are due also to our Psychology research assistants over the course xiii

xiv

PREFACE

of the project: Janis Stone, Dolores D. Kluppel, and S. Joyce Brotsky, and to our phoneticians: Elite Ohlstain, Robert Chamberlain, Jane Chamberlain, and Herman Pevner. In addition a number of people have spent many tedious hours transcribing tapes, punching IBM cards, typing tables, coding phonetic texts into Fortran symbols and proofing. To them all we owe thanks for a job well done, but especially to Lori Bohlmann, Judith Hayward, Mary Ann Nakagawa, Gudrun Ulman, and Cheryl Grossman. 5. We thank Dr. Peter Neely and Mssrs. Charles Goldberg, John Dewey Lovell, and Robert Madigan for having written some useful and complex computer programs.

1

INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 1.2 USES FOR TEXTS AND TABLES

INTRODUCTION

1.1 P U R P O S E O F T H E S T U D Y

In spite of a vast amount of interest in language, there is very little information available about the informal spoken language. Yet psychologists, linguists, psycholinguists, and educators need such information for both research and curricular purposes. Among other things, the native language, the spoken dialect learned mainly at the mother's knee, is the most overlearned behavior in an individual's entire repertoire. It is important for many purposes to know how different it is from the formal written language, when can learning of the native language be considered virtually complete, what are the natural units, what is usual and what unusual in speech. Some description of "standard" spoken language by means of which to measure dialectical variations is doubtless important too. This monograph will not answer all these questions but we hope that it will throw some light on them. All previous statistical studies of language known to us have derived their material from written language, whatever the claims.1 It is part of our purpose to show that genuine spoken language is actually quite different from written language; even on such a gross level as proportional frequencies of letters and phonemes. To this end many sorts of comparisons of spoken and written language will be presented. A second purpose is the comparison of informal spoken language across the age range from 6 years to adulthood, in terms which permit of some quantitative evaluation, with an eye to estimating the rate of maturation of native 1

A possible exception is the groundwork for the St. Cloud method of teaching French as a second language (Gougenheim et al., 1956), but the language sample is neither large nor thoroughly analyzed.

4

INTRODUCTION

language facility and its state at the beginning of formal schooling. Still a third purpose is the use of the rather powerful tools of information theory in the description of informal speech over the age range, in an effort to trace the role of redundancy in shaping language as a person uses it and presumably understands it in discourse. There are several pieces of evidence that might lead to prediction of a curvilinear relationship between age and redundancy of speech. If this were supported, it could lead to the development of some interesting instructional strategies. A final but important purpose of this monograph is to present the "verbatim" transcriptions of the corpus, in both alphabetic and phonemic form, so that others, with other purposes, will be spared the arduous, expensive, and time-consuming task of collecting and editing such material.2

1.2 USES FOR TEXTS AND TABLES

Although the reader will often bring with him his own different uses for the materials presented here, we shall discuss briefly some needs of a general sort for these materials. The tabular material will be discussed in order of appearance. Section & The Running Texts. These texts, alphabetic and phonemic on facing pages, represent the corpus from which all tables were derived and the basis of all statistics. The method of recording and transcribing is described more fully in Section 2: Procedures. Briefly the texts contain running dialogue from a number of peer groups of three persons in free discussion. This is considered of prime importance, since our pilot work with various techniques based on interviews and child-adult interactions yielded very impoverished language with children (vide infra), yet these techniques are widely used without comment. The transcription is sequential, just as it was recorded, from one group to the next. The texts for each of the four age groups are kept separate, however. There are more than 15,000 words at each age level and more than 1500 sentences. These can be used for many sorts of syntactic analysis of informal language; for example, tabulation of frequent syntactic patterns, use of alternative forms, sentence-depth, or right-branching versus left-branching. Theories of structural linguistics may want some revision of classes of transformations in the light of these data. Comparisons of the syntax of spoken language with formal written language are possible, as well as comparisons between the language of children and that of adults, and among dialects. We caution that the strings of sentences 1

These texts have already been used by the Southwest Regional Laboratory of the U.S. Office of Education for analysis of syntactic patterns.

INTRODUCTION

5

interweave among triples of talkers and that one cannot identify an individual speaker. Indentation indicates a change of speaker, but it has not proved possible to identify all speakers accurately. These data are intended to provide reliable, quantifiable information about a homogeneous group of speakers which can serve as a norm for spoken language. Labov also claims (1968) that data of this sort are essential for development of linguistics as a behavioral science. The texts can also serve as a source of material for psycholinguistic and educational experiments. These utterances were apparently easily comprehended by peers and could be used to construct lists for testing memory, comprehension, or the effect of context appropriate for a given age. For example, comprehension of sample sentences could be compared, by means of the Cloze procedure (Taylor, 1956, 19S7; Peisach, 196S), with various of their transforms with somewhat more justification than can be summoned for sentences artificially created by adults for the purpose of testing children's comprehension. Another possibly fruitful area for those interested in speech is extent of phonemic variability within this rather homogeneous dialect. Section 7. First-order Statistical Tables. There are a number of different tables in this section with rather different potential utilities. Table 7.1 presents the frequencies and proportions of each letter in transcribed natural speech for first, third, and fifth graders, and adults. These are useful in experimental situations where high and low frequency letters are needed. These simple proportions are not very different from those derived from written texts, and neither are the several age levels very different from one another. Table 7.2 shows similar data for the phonemes of natural speech but these data are unique, since other published tabulations of phonemes have been derived from written material transcribed into a phonemic alphabet,3 not from informal discourse. This table should be useful in understanding some of the difficulties of learning to read and to spell: the most frequent phoneme in English is schwa, /»/, which is not rendered by any single letter of the alphabet, nor by any group consistently unless stress be taken into account. Table 7.3 presents the comparison of rank orders of vowel and consonant phonemes for the four age levels of informal speech. It includes, in addition, Denes' (1960) and Robert's (1965) data, both of which sets are essentially transcriptions of written language. The data based on informal speech could be useful in more accurate evaluation of the importance of acoustic confusions; for example, the biasing effects of frequency of occurrence could be taken into account. Table 7.4 presents the same data grouped according ' Sec the discussion of Table 7.S in Section 3.1.

6

INTRODUCTION

to articulatory categories, by age. These tables should provide useful new data for speech research. Table 7.5 contains the correlation matrix for 22 consonant phonemes from 16 sets of data. It is useful in evaluating the differences between real speech and various kinds of other language sources. Table 7.6 presents data for relative sequential constraints, redundancy H, mean word, and mean sentence length for both letter and phonemic transcriptions of informal speech at all four ages. The growth of constraint over the first 11 pairs of symbols can be traced for each age, and comparison of child and adult language shows that very similar constraints operate. Table 7.7 presents similar data for relevant written texts, permitting a comparison with alphabetic transcriptions of speech in terms of redundancy. Per cent redundancy is seen to be a useful quantitative measure of difficulty of a text. As we have already shown (Carterette and Jones, 1965) redundancy does not depend on style and is not correlated with length of word or sentence, as many currently employed measures are. Table 7.8 presents comparative data from four levels of alphabetically transcribed natural speech and four levels of written texts of the proportional frequencies of the 26 letters of the alphabet, permitting a rough evaluation of similarities between speech and what is considered appropriate reading material at each age level. Table 7.9 shows that correlations are all remarkably high. Table 7.10 shows the relative sequential constraint in free-reading choices for three levels of children's reading material. Table 7.11 shows the effect of sample size on the various statistical measures used here. Section & Higher-order Statistical Tables. Here are presented tables of digrams (Tables 8.1.1-8.1.4) and diphones (Tables 8.2.1-8.2.4), trigrams (Tables 8.6.1-8.6.4) and triphones (Tables 8.9.1-8.9.4), for the running texts taken from each of the four age levels. They can be used in preparation of materials for verbal learning experiments, the diphones and triphones being very much more useful for auditory experiments than their letter counterparts currently in use. Until now such materials have usually been constructed from digrams and trigrams drawn from lexicons. Our data indicate that there is progressive divergence of spoken and written language as the unit of analysis becomes larger. Whereas simple proportional frequencies of single symbols are similar, differences begin to appear when higher order constraints obtain. These differences are already substantial for successive pairs of symbols. Control of language frequency in an experiment should be based on real usage. Special tables have been prepared for use by educators, although psychologists and speech specialists should find them useful also. Tables 8.3.1 and 8.3.2 give information regarding the relative frequency of word-initial and word-final letters derived from the alphabetic transcription

INTRODUCTION

7

of natural speech. Tables 8.4.1 and 8.4.2 show similar data for phrase-initial and phrase-final phonemes. Table 8.5 compares the proportion of vowels and consonants in word-initial, word-final, and unspecified position for letters and phonemes. Tables 8.7 and 8.8 present those trigrams which occur in the initial position and those which occur in the final position of a word. Since the first and last parts of words carry most of the information, it was thought that tables showing frequency of occurrence of trigrams in these positions might be of especial use in preparing material for initial reading instruction or for perceptual experiments. Similar tables of word-initial and word-final tetragrams are also given (Tables 8.10 and 8.11).

2

PROCEDURES 2.1 SOURCES OF MATERIAL 2.1.1 Spoken Language 2.1.2 Written Language 2.2 TRANSCRIPTION PROCEDURES 2.2.1 Spoken Language 2.2.2 Written Language 2.3 STATISTICAL METHODS

PROCEDURES

2.1 S O U R C E S O F M A T E R I A L

2.1.1 Spoken Language The few published samples of spoken language which have been collected are limited by several difficulties: small sarnple size, restricted vocabulary, formal, stressful, or otherwise constrained situations, and more particularly by poor fidelity of recording—a very important point for phonetic analysis—and are ordinarily unavailable for reanalysis; Of the four modern analyses of spoken English which concern themselves with phonology and analysis of language constraints, Denes' paper (1963), is only an analysis of two phonetic readers, Baddeley, Conrad, and Thomson's paper (1960), is based upon written British radio dialogue, Hultzen, Allen, and Miron's monograph (1964), is based upon conversation from American one-act high school plays, and Roberts' data are derived from words from a lexicon spoken in sentences. For our analysis it was desired that the sample should be sufficiently large so that any descriptive measure (with the exception of word counts, which require a vast and expensive sample) would be stable and representative. Likewise, it was important to obtain adequate language samples at several levels of language competency. The two reasonable extremes were thought to be an adult sample and a first grade (approximately 6-year olds) sample, the latter consisting of children who were just beginning to learn to read and thus have virtually no acquaintance with visual language. To have dealt with younger children would have entailed great difficulties in terms of rapport, time, and representativeness. The other two samples chosen were third and fifth graders, judged to be at such positions on the growth curve as to shed some light on the il

12

PROCEDURES

development of language to adult status. The adult sample was similar to the child samples in community, national and regional origin, and socio-economic status. It was obtained from junior college classes of a city college in California. We arranged to use children from two different schools to reduce possible biases of unsuspected sorts. Both schools had children drawn largely from the middle socio-economic level. The investigation of the effect of socio-economic status on language development is an important one, but not the subject under investigation here. Moreover, it also requires a norm. It was just this norm for studies of language development of all sorts that we wished to make available. We used all children in a grade who were present when called and were not excused by reason of foreign language background, marked non-California dialect, or speech impediments. Since regions of the country differ in the phonemes used in speech, it was judged more in keeping with the aims of the study to include only one type of regional speech, which happened to be Southern Californian. Several ways of arranging a situation in which natural speech would occur were tried. First, an attempt was made to record unrestricted free speech of children among their peers in the lunchroom or on the playground. This was a complete failure acoustically because the noise exceeded the signal at all times. An attempt to record discussions in the classroom also failed because of excessive noise and poor flow of speech. Next, recordings of speech were made while individual children responded to requests to make up a story about pictures shown them. The speech was impoverished in grammatical constructions, vocabulary, rate, and even phonemes. The speech of a child when responding to requests to tell about summer vacation or what he would do during the next vacation likewise was not normal speech. Next, Strickland's method (1962) was tried. This required "props"—a group of objects on a table—and a small group (3 or 4) of children seated around it. The children were asked by the adult moderator to talk about the objects. The response was better in this situation, but even here there appeared to be restriction both of vocabulary, and grammatical forms; the normal flow of speech became halting. Finally we tried a simple social situation. Three children were seated around a small table with a young, friendly adult. The adult greeted the children by name, told them she wanted to find out what children in their grade were interested in, and asked them to talk to each other about anything they wanted to talk about. Some groups required somewhat more encouragement; if so, the adult asked a question or two: "What do you do after school?," or "How many in your family?" Thereafter she said nothing. After the initial warm-up period, which was discarded for the transcription, the speech appeared to be children's normal speech. It was rapid; there were

PROCEDURES

13

interruptions; it covered every conceivable topic; it was full of slang and noise words; there was give-and-take. This, then, was the situation in which all the child speech samples were recorded. For the adults the situation was structured differently. The participants were from elementary psychology classes, so their knowledge of psychological jargon was flattered. They were told that the experiment was one in small group process and that the situation was to be completely non-directive. Then they were introduced by first names and told they were at a party. The experimenter excused himself (psychologically) to get the snacks. Again groups of three were always used. Most of the adults did not know each other, whereas in the children's group, they did. The 3-person interaction proved as useful for adults as for children, and the language produced was judged to be normal, everyday conversation, as rapid, slangy, and diverse as any in an unrecorded situation. The second major problem concerned the quality of the recording. If phoneticians were to be able to transcribe the material with any reliability, the recording had to be very good—better than any speech recordings we had heard. To this end we assembled the following high-fidelity components: (1) Ampex 1260 4-track stereophonic magnetic tape recorder and (2) 2 Altec-Lansing Model M-20 condenser microphone systems. The microphones were placed 2 feet apart, and about 8 feet from the farthest talker. New Scotch (Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company) l.S mil acetate magnetic tape was used. Recording was at 7.5 inches per second and each microphone fed a separate channel. Only two of the four tracks were used, giving the maximum possible channel separation, since an unused channel separated the two which were used. The cross-talk rejection ratio in the middle frequencies was much greater than 60 dB, more than adequate for our purposes. The recordings were made in the best available room at the three schools. Test tapes were made to disclose the acoustic properties of the room. Where necessary, one section of the room was draped with cloth, felt was applied to chair and table legs, microphones were adjusted and insulated. The gain of amplifiers was checked at every tape change. The microphones were always concealed from the elementary school children. To the best of our knowledge, their presence was not suspected. For the case of young adults, the microphones were in plain sight, since their presence would have been deduced in any case. After the brief warm-up period, the students lost themselves in conversation and paid no further attention to the presence of the microphones or the experimenter; in fact, it was often hard to get them to stop at the end of the period. Since the aim was to collect a sample as representative as possible of natural language, we attempted to include as many individuals and as many groups as possible, in order to reduce the effect of idiosyncracies of vocabulary, topic, sentence construction, pronunciation, and various aspects

PROCEDURES

14

peculiar to spoken language. However, it was also important to allow sufficient time for each group to warm up and then become thoroughly engrossed in conversation, for otherwise many aspects of oral language suffer. We have shown (Jones and Carterette, 1963) that at least 6,000 words are necessary for stable statistical results, so the goal was set at 10,000 words per level. It was felt that more than this would require too much time for phonemic transcription, which is very slow. Well over 10,000 words per level were actually transcribed, but more material than that was collected and remains untranscribed. The number of groups and individuals represented in this analysis follows: Level 1 3 S Adults

No. of Groups 18 18 16 8

No. of Individuals 54 48 48 24

The reason for the discrepancy in number of groups and individuals is the size of the sample required at each level. First graders did more giggling, interrupting, and drowning each other out, so less usable material resulted per unit time. The total number of characters transcribed is given in the following table. Total Number of Units Level 1 3 5 Adult

Letters

Lexical Words

Phonemes

A*

B*

A*

B*

94,767 101,285 131,274 78,580

72,742 78,065 101,618 61,269

66,179 70,842 90,741 54,478

58,653 63,029 80,970 48,708

20,030 21,368 27,072 15,694

* Column A refers to total number of characters, B refers to this total with word marks (space) and sentence marks (period) removed.

PROCEDURES

15

2.1.2 Written Language The sources of written language suitable for the various grades was sought first in standard reading textbooks. Readers of two widely used series were chosen as representative of material of this sort; first, third, and fifth readers were used in both series. The series were the Ginn Readers (1956, 1957), and the Sheldon Basic Readers (Allyn and Bacon, 1957). In addition, the second reader in the Ginn series was analyzed, after it appeared that the step between first and third readers was very large. All material in a given section was used with the exception of foreign words and poetry. Abbreviations were spelled out according to rules (e.g., Mr. = Mister). Any story containing a large number of foreign words was omitted. The only punctuation marks used were word and sentence mark. The exact rules are given in Section 4.1. Next, material which children like to read was sought. Wilson's Children's Catalog (West and Schor, 1961) was used as a guide because of the large number and wide distribution of the judges making the ratings. These books are rated by children's librarians from all over the country and by specialists in children's literature as books they could not do without. Each rating is accompanied by a concensus of proper grade level. We chose at random from among those books rated in the top one-ninth and assigned to kindergarten through second or third grade as our level 1, those assigned to grade 2 or 3 through 5 as our level 3, and those assigned to grades 4-6 as our level 5. At a single level we used all or part of three or four separate books, drawing equally from them to reduce the effects of idiosyncratic language, aiming at approximately 10,000-word samples. Although there is undoubtedly some adult bias in these ratings due to pedagogical urges, the ratings are also dependent upon circulation and enjoyment in "story hours." It is difficult to believe that a book which is unpopular with children could remain in the list year after year, regardless of adult bias. At least these ratings have the advantage of representing a national sample and a large one. Written material on the adult level had previously been analyzed by Newman and Waugh (1960). Their calculations were used for average adult text (William James sample) and difficult adult text (Atlantic Monthly sample),4 but for the easy adult text (the King James' Bible), we punched the same passage used by Newman and Waugh and as a test of the computer program calculated our own statistics. 4

An error in their calculation of C j | was discovered and is corrected here.

16

PROCEDURES

2.2 T R A N S C R I P T I O N

PROCEDURES

2.2.1 Spoken Language Transcription of the spoken language was very difficult and time-consuming. Each tape was first transcribed by a typist, listening with binaural earphones on a research-quality playback system (Ampex Model 350-2, two channel magnetic tape-recorder). This often required many iterations. The instructions were to include all consecutive material, but if some part was incomprehensible to omit the entire utterance. Similarly, if some person was interrupted and did not pick up the thread of his utterance, the whole utterance was to be omitted, but if he did resume, then the interruption was to be omitted. The purpose of these rules was to preserve the continuous and sequentially-dependent structure of speech. It should be understood clearly that the texts preserve the order of occurrence of the speech of three peers. There was no attempt to collate the speech of a single individual. A string of phonemes from a single speaker is immediately followed by a string from another individual of the group; indentation signals change of speaker. In this way the natural sequence of meaningful discourse among several individuals is retained. Ordinary lexical words were used in these letter transcriptions to make them comparable with the written material; i.e., words were spelled properly and word marks occurred where they would normally occur in written material. However, normalized spellings were constructed for idiosyncratic words (e.g., "guy," used by many of these children as an exclamation), "noise" words (cf. Strickland) like "er," wuh," and the like. The second step was to have the letter transcriptions checked by a research assistant. This always resulted in many changes. Next the phoneticians took over. When we could get them, there were two working. Because of the volume of material, it was not feasible to have them both transcribe all the text independently. Instead we had to be content with occasional reliability checks together with subsequent ironing out of discrepancies. Two formal reliability checks were made. The number of disagreements in a passage were counted and this number was divided by the total number of phonemes in the passage. In the first instance there was six per cent discrepancy in 2300 phonemes transcribed. In subsequent discussion, agreement was reached. This involved listening together to the taped passage and evolving new rules for transcription. Examples of these rules are: (1) Don't use schwa if you can hear the quality of the vowel; (2) If the sound is genuinely between a "t" and a "d," use the one which is normal for the word. A second check revealed a still greater discrepancy, sixteen per cent

PROCEDURES

17

(1800 phonemes). Much of this was due to insistence by the authors that the transcription be as phonetic as possible within the bounds of the phonemic alphabet. Since the phoneticians were not used to this procedure, and also had used different systems in the past, some learning was necessary. The intent, with which everyone concurred, was to represent all the variations possible within the alphabets used. There were three very good reasons for not attempting a phonetic transcription: (1) the programming would have been more difficult, (2) the transcriptions would have been very much less reliable, and (3) the import of speech seems to be much better rendered by the phonemic transcription since this is presumably based upon the contrastive features of the language (Daniel Jones, 1962). The phonetic use of the phonemic alphabet with children was intended to permit discovery of lesser redundancy in young children due to inconsistency in pronunciation, if this existed. As an aside we should like to point out that apparently most so-called phonemic transcriptions of an individual's speech that appear in the linguistic literature are really pseudo-phonetic transcriptions like ours. That is, a standard phonemic alphabet is used to represent the phonetic character of the speech, but the contrastive analysis necessary to establish his phonemic system is never undertaken. We shall hereafter refer to our analysis as phonemic, with the understanding that it is not technically a fully phonemic one. The problems of reliability of transcription were dealt with as effectively as possible under the constraints of time and availability of phoneticians. Phonetics is not an area in which Linguistics students in America are highly trained. It is therefore difficult to hire phoneticians with any but minimum experience. The turnover was likewise high, with long periods of vacancies and retraining. Four phoneticians participated in the final transcriptions and all were interested enough in the project to give it more than mere duty required. There was free interchange and discussion between the members of each pair and some interchange across pairs. The phoneticians placed "word marks" only where there were brief pauses. Instructions were to not make printed words a guide, but to indicate only breaks in the flow of speech. The placement of sentence marks became a very difficult problem. Since a good deal of the material was agrammatical, the use of a grammatical criterion was deemed inappropriate, because it might conceal any unusual implications of the data. An attempt was made to use tentative pause and final pause, but the two phoneticians could not assign the first of these reliably, so it was abandoned. The terminal juncture was placed by the phoneticians and was used whenever an utterance was terminated by a change of speaker or when there was a clear pause of a type the phoneticians were willing to call terminal, judging largely by intonation contours and appreciable silence. The reliability was not high for this aspect of the transcription. Detailed transcription rules are given in Section 4.1.

18

PROCEDURES

The purpose of these rules was to permit generation of hypotheses about the natural units of language, since it became immediately obvious upon listening to the tapes that the language was quite different from linguistically ideal or written language. The 41-character alphabet used is presented in Section 4.3.1. There are 39 phonemes, 14 vowel and 25 consonant phonemes, plus word mark and sentence mark. The system used is basically the Trager-Smith system (1951), with some modifications suggested by Professor Peter Ladefoged for this study. The phonemic transcriptions were coded into an alphabet accepted by Fortran programs, checked, and key-punched. 2.2.2 Written Language Since ordinary alphabetic characters are acceptable to the Fortran program to be used in the statistical analysis, transcription of the written material consisted in key-punching directly from the text, according to the rules given in Section 4.1. Once punched, these were proof-read by two people, corrections made, and the corrections proofed. The original keypuncher did not proof her own work alone.

2.3 S T A T I S T I C A L

METHODS

A program for computing the sequential constraints of chains of symbols (i.e., letters, phonemes, words, grammatical forms) was written for the IBM 7094 computer. The program computed measures of information and redundancy on a printed "language" each of whose symbols was represented as an arbitrary symbol of the Fortran alphabet. The measure of information, as estimate of the Shannon-Wiener measure of selective information (Shannon, 1951), was printed out along with an adjustment for bias due to sample size (Miller and Madow, 1954). Contingency tables were constructed showing the number of times each character was followed by every other character, both immediately and at lags of 2,3 11, 29, 59, and 119. From these contingency tables, /?„ the information associated with this o-state stationary Markov chain, was computed from HT = - S P(i)P u log ! 1 P 1 J ,

(l)

where P(i) is the absolute probability of being in state / and P{j is the stationary transition probability of going to state yon the (n + l)-th trial after being in state / on the n-th. The relative sequential constraint on the second

PROCEDURES

19

pair of characters when it is the n-th member of a sequence n characters long (in which the first character of the pair is the first member of the sequence) is defined as Cn and is given by «-» Y. f f t (1:2) C (2) • " '"dL»pj The contingent uncertainty Hk (1:2) is defined by Hk (1:2) = H(l) - Hj(k),

(3)

where the first term of the right side of the equation is the uncertainty without sequential dependency,.i.e., the average amount of information in each letter, )_a H(l)= - E P(i)logtP(i). (4) i-i P(i) is the probability of the i-th symbol's occurrence, and a is the number of symbols in the alphabet. Hr(k) is the Markovian information ^t lag k. It is formally identical with Equation (1). The index k specifies the forward distance of the transition from symbol / to symbol j. Thus, C2 gives the relative sequential constraint on the second of a pair of characters in which the second character is contiguous to the first; C3 gives the relative sequential constraint of the second of a pair in which the second is separated from the first by one character; and so on. Equation (2) makes the subscript of C(that is, n) equal to the lag plus one. We used k's of 1,2, ..., 11, 29, 59, and 119, which yielded the constraints between all pairs of characters in which the second was at the designated step to the right of the first. For a discussion of the restrictions on these computations, see Garner (1962, p. 213 if) and Edwards (1962). Finally, mean word-length and mean sentence-length for each text were calculated. 5 An estimate, IT, of H unbiased to terms of order 1/ti1, (Miller and Madow, 19S4), was used:

\= * + * fir

+

m\

where a is the alphabet size, and n is the sequence length in symbols. H is, of course, the estimate of the theoretical quantity H, and is found from Hi) = j

and A, = f f

The quantity / refers to the frequency of being in state / on trial j; whereas ' This schematic development and the equations given are different from those of our earlier papers (Carterette and Jones, 1963, Jones and Carterette, 1963; see also Newman and Waugh, 1960). We are dealing specifically with pairwise sequences of symbols that form a Markov chain and not, as ouF«earlier equations wrongly implied, with pairs formed by sampling from a bivariate distribution. However, the earlier equations and those of the present paper lead to identical numerical results. For an interesting discussion of the different assumptions underlying the two sets of equations, see Binder and Wolin (1964).

(5)

20

PROCEDURES

/¡j refers to the frequency of transitions from state / on trial s to state j on trial (s+1). Both estimates /find H were computed for each P^ and P(i). Apparently the sample sizes used were sufficiently large to give stability, for H and /differed by only a few thousandths of a bit at most. No attempt has been made to make statistical tests between the various redundancy functions, e.g., whether the redundancy functions for first and third grade natural speech are different.6 In view of the correlations among the various constraint measures, it is not clear how tests should be made. We point out, however, that the functions are very stable, and there is but one instance of a crossing of two functions which were in any event very similar to begin with. The first-order statistical tables are in most cases by-products of the analysis of sequential constraints. Where relative frequencies are concerned, the statistical assessment has been by means of r, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, or a /-test. Standard methods were used to test the significance of changes in proportion of letters of phonemes between age levels (Hoel, 1965). Special programs were written for the tabulation of letter and phonemic digrams, trigrams, word-initial and word-final trigrams, and tetragrams. Only elementary descriptive statistics are given for these.

* For a basic discussion of testing hypotheses based on information measures, see S. Kullback (1959).

3

DISCUSSION OF THE STATISTICAL TABLES 3.1 DISCUSSION OF FIRST-ORDER TABLES 3.2 DISCUSSION OF HIGHER-ORDER TABLES 3.3 FIGURES Figure 3.3.1 Relative Sequential Constraint in Letter and Phonemic Transcriptions of the Speech of First Graders and Adult and in a First Reader Figure 3.3.2 Relative Sequential Constraint for Several Written Texts Figure 3.3.3 Frequency Distribution of Letters from Adult Speech and Adult Text Figure 3.3.4 Relative Sequential Constraint in Three Levels of Children's Free-reading Choices

DISCUSSION TABLES

OF

THE

STATISTICAL

3.1 DISCUSSION OF F I R S T - O R D E R TABLES

Table 7.1 shows the frequency and proportion of each character of the alphabet in the letter transcriptions of natural speech. There is very little change in the frequency of occurrence of letters across ages (see Table 3.1.A). The largest change is in m which decreases steadily from first grade to adult speech. It is partly accounted for by a decrease in the use of "urn" as a noise word, with the comcomitant rise in the use of "you know". The same comment applies to the increase in y from first grade to adult speech. 23

24

DISCUSSION OF THE STATISTICAL TABLES

TABLE 3.1. A Tests of Significance of Differences Between Certain Letter Frequencies* Letter

Groupt Compared

t

e

1st Grade vs. Adult

1.7

-

t

1st Grade vs. Adult

2.1

.02

a

1st Grade vs. Adult

3.9

.01

o

1st Grade vs. Adult

4.2

.01

m

P landa. wiys£d h£ygraema. w£lwiys£? wiykolarbayarfarstnfym wamwiyjudn? wiys£? h£ylowla wetaepntuwarp bfdruwm. JiysEd ?oww ?akaetsbinin&£r. ?aymiy? Jiys£d ?am ftErwez&is yanow prawlar. prawlfr. watsaprawl£r. sambayhuwgowzarawnd startsstiyltq lukiqinsambadiyzwindow. laykyuw. ?am lukiqinsambadiyzwindow samtaymz samtaymz &£ykamarawn siyam piypalandrEsiqfarbEd bEdtaym. wElmaymamiyhaedagow&ahaspital. biykas Jiy? /iyhysdap£yninarsaydn6£n?am n6Eyhaedat£yk£ksr£yz. ?aen ?ayst£ydowvaratmaygarlfr£nzhawsnmaydadiy hiygowstawarksa? ?ayhaefta st£yat?am paetiyaenzhaws ?aenl£smaymamiy ?aen bat/iyzkamiqhowmtadEyaenif Jiy?e ?izhowmon wEnaygEthowmwal&Enaykangowhowm. ?aenyanow ?emay ftEyrz&ts ?in maykazanjiyz Jiysdamuwvawfyframhiyrbiykaz ?am ?i?waztuw?a ?i?wastuwnsyziy sow/iymuwvtuwah sowjiymuwvtuwahhowmtawn. ?aenft£n ?sn&£njiy?am s£n?miya naw?a &£n?am ?a Jiys£n?miyal£tar njiywaznayn ?inharbart)d£y. Paendsow JiywazEyt naw/iyz ?ay nayn ?aen?am ?aymstil£ytnowbra&ar. ?aym£ytuw. Payaemtuw. yuwriyliyarnt. yfsayaem. maykalruwbanzfyt. maykalruwbansEvennahaf. maykalruwbanizEyt. maybart)d£ywazrayt3n6abar6d£yhizwaz. Paenwiyso&is PaenriymEmber wEnwiysaftaetpikJarabawPftaet ?am wanfiqgar/ark. nowwayiygatiznEym. wenfiqerjark watpik/ar. ?inhiyrarin Paditsnyam. ?aditoriyem. ynowhawiygatiznfym.

206

THIRD

GRADE

Well I have a dancing lesson and I go to Bluebirds and I play color things like that. Read books. Ride my bike. Help my mother with the dishes. Oh when I get home from school I have to do some work around the house take down the trash and sometimes my sister has to help me with the dishes. And um she has to um wash them I have to dry them. And then um after I do my work I can go to the playground then I play handball sockball tetherball. Then when I get home. We play around. Usually I play hopscotch with my friend. And sometimes I play guns. Sometimes I get into rock fights. And uh and then uh I eat dinner. And thats about it. There just one thing wrong about I dont like it. I dont like the rock fights. Thats a good way to get a black eye. She did it. Yes. Me and my friend were playing handball and she came along throw a rock at me. Well when I get home I play with my friend and then I go in the house and help my mother with the dishes and I empty the trash and um then my sister comes out with me and we play ball ride our bikes. And then we go in and eat dinner and we wash and dry the dishes. Then we watch tee vee. I wash them and dry them every night and I take out the wastebaskets. I have to clean my room though. Thats bad. Every morning when I get up I have to make my bed. And do the dishes. I like to make models. I have um one model of the wolfman one model of Dracula and one model of Frankenstein. And I have two ships. One is in Arizona. One is the um fifty three um hims. Or something like that. Well um then I like to paint them. I just got this new model its a spitfire. Um just get them in this box and then buy some glue and put them together. I make dolls out of yarn. I dont. I dont like your brother very much. He comes along he gets this ball so he he acts like Im playing dodgeball you know. He starts throwing balls at me. Guy know once he had this volley so it hit right on my head and I ducked just in time. One time I was playing baseball so um I was the pitcher so I pitched it to your brother you know and he hit the ball right over my head. We were playing darts and he just went like that. He got the dart caught in my hair. Why dont you start something. You can say that again. Like you spit on me yesterday. Yeah. Gosh you really did get me mad. When I was in my bedroom with my sister she threw uh um a plastic bowling ball at me. And she was throwing it. And she threw it right at my feet and I jumped and she missed me. Oh I like the sound of those birds. But theres just one thing wrong with them. I dont like them. Um I saw this movie of the birds you know. These birds they come and pick out your eyeballs. Know this know in the movie

INFORMAL

SPEECH

207

hiybaytsofwenfiogeraetataym. w£l ay haevedaensirjlEsen Paenaygowtabluwbardz ?£n ?aypl£y kalar 9iQzlayk6aet. riybuks. raydmaybayk. hElpmayma&arwiOadiJaz. ?ow anayg£thowmfremskuwlay Paeftaduwsamwarkarawnftahaws teykdawn&atrxj aen samtamzmaysisteaesta hElpmiywiGadijiz. PaenPam Jiyhaesa Pamwajammaeaeftadrayam. Paendfn Pamaeftarayduwmaywark kaykeogowtadaplEygrawndEnayplEy haenbol sakbol Uftarbol. ftEwanaygEt howm. w a p l t y a r a w n d . yuwslayplEyhapskaCwiGmayfrEnd. PansamtaymzayplEyganz samtaymzayg£tintarakfay?ts. PaenPa Pan&En ?a ?ayiy?diner. Pan ftaetsabawdit ftfrJistwanOiq ratjabawdaydownPlaykiP. PaydownPlayk&araksfayPts. ?a?tsaguw£ytagitablaekay. JiydidiPt. y£s. miyanmayfrfnwuplEyanhaenbolan JiykEymelor) GrowarakaePmiy. wowwEnaygEthowm ayplEyiOmayfrEn Pan ftEnaygowan&ahaws sEnhEPpmayma&ar wi&adijazanay PEmptiy&atraeaJ Jan ?am 6£n maysistarkamzawPwiGmiyanwiyplEybol raydarbayks. PandEnwiygowinanniyPdinaranwiy w a j Jandray&adiJaz. dEnwiywafitiyviy. a y w o / a m a n d r a y a m EvriynayPtanaytEykawtftawEysbaeskits. Paeftakliynmayruwm&ow. ftaetsbEad. EvriymorniqenaygEdap ayaeftam£ykmayb£d. anduw&adijtz. aylaykdamEyPkmadalz. Pahaev Pam wanmadalavftawufmaen wanmadalavdaraekyale Enwanmadalavfraenkinstayn. PEnayhaevtuwJips. wenizinaerizowna. wanaz&aPam fiftiyOriy Pam himz. orsemGinlayk&aeP. waPam &£naylayktap£ynam. PayJisgaP&isnuwmadalaPtsaspiPtfayar. am lusgEdumandisbaks sinbEn baysamgluw PEnpudumtagE&ar. PaymEyPkdalz awdayarn. aydownP. aydownPlaykyerbra&arvariymai. hiykamzalar) hiyg£?tsdisbal soVviy hiyaeslaykamplEyindaJbalyanow. hiysatsGrowinbalzaePmty. gay now w a n s hiyhaeP&isvaliy sowithitratammiyhEdanniydakt Jestintaym. wantaymayazplEyinbEysbal sowPam Paywaz&apifiar sowaypidtittayarbrafeeryenow EniyhiPt&abal raytowvamayhEd. wiywarplEyindartssin hiyjistw£n?layk&ae?t. higa?ftedar?£a?tinmayh£ar. waydanPduwstartsamGiQ. yuwgunsEy&aetagEn. laykyuwspidamiyyEstardEy. y£a. g a j yariyliydigiPmiymaed. wenayuzinmaybEdruwmwaftmaysistar JiyGruwPa Pa Pa plaestakbowliQbolaePmiy. ?£n Jiyaz&rowanat. p£n/iy6ruwi?raytae?mayfiyd£nayjamptinjiymistmiy. owaylayk&asawnav&ozbards. batftarzJistwenGiQraQwiGem. aydownPlayk&Pam. Pamaysa&ismuwviyavdabardCyinow. ftiyzbardz 6£ykamempikaw?yeraybalz. now&is now in&amuwviy

208

THIRD GRADE

this guy hes just sitting without um withone eyeball out. With blood all over his eye and this one buy just standing there so I said smile youre on candid camera. Well on Saturday we watch horror movies. I do too. My mom doesnt like them. My dad just loves them. My dad dad does too. My mom comes in and reads. Theres just one thing wrong that I dont like about Saturday night. What. I dont like to watch those doggone fights. And every night my dad he turns on seven watches it and then we watch a army picture. Its on every Saturday. Sunday we have to watch um pictures and things like that. My sister wants to watch Lassie and the Jetsons. Know what know what I saw on the birds. See I saw this um I saw it six times the birds. So um on Easter Sunday um I saw it for my sixth time oh guyMy dog he uh he um every time he gets his ball he pushes it in front of me. Then if I dont kick it he he picks it up and he he cuts he chews the ball in half and theres half and half on each side and he puts it on his mouth and its half is over his nose and half of its in his mouth and he looks like hes got a great big blue monster nose. He takes his football and chews it apart too. I had a little uh doll coat outside. Um and Ginger he tore it. Um. He tore it apart. Whos Ginger. My dog. I thought it was Gingerbread. I would eat it. My brother named him that not me. My dog everytime I go in the house he jumps on me and pulls at my clothes. Nicky I think. And I know why you um named him that. Because he was born on Christmas. And you got the idea from Saint Nicholas. So you call him Nicky. Remember what happened on April Fools we put that centipede on the teachers desk. She was in the corridor. She goes in the corner. You know what uh I got um I got ten of those centipedes. I got four grasshoppers. Nine snakes. Are there grasshoppers. Yeah. Theres grasshoppers four frogs. Spiders. No.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

209

ftisgay hiyzJissitiQwi8aw? ?amwi8wan ayballauPt. wiBbladalowvarazayan&iswanbayJisstaenden&Er sowaysedsmaysl yarankaendidksmra. wEl ansaedardiywiywaChararmuwviyz. ?ayduwtuw. maymamdazanlaykam. maydaedjistlavzam. maydx? daeddaztuw. maymam kemz iinenriydz. &ara2iswan0iqraQ6aetaydown?laykebaw?tsaederdCynayt. W9?. aydown?tlaykdawa&6owzdaganfayts. PcnEvriynaytmaydaed hiytarnzanscvan wa£azi? ?end£nwiywa£a?arnruypi£ar tsanevriysaedardiy. sand£ywiyhaeftewa£?am pikCarzinOiqzlayk&ae?! maysistar wantstawafilansiy an6aj£?tsinz. nowwa? nowwadaysae an&abardz. siyaysa&is ?am aysai? sikstaymz debard. sow ?am ?aniysarsandcy ?emaysai?fDrmaysikstaym owgay. may dag hiy?uh hiy?em ivriytaymiygi?tsizbaliypujizi?infrenavmiy. &£nifaydown?kikidiy hiypiksidapanPhi hiykets hiy£uwz&ab3lanhaefanarzhaefenhaefaniy£saydeniyputseaniz maw9eni?s hatfizowvariznowzenh«favi?sinizmaw6£niylukslayk hiyzfadagreybigbluwmansternowz. hiytEyksizfutbolen£uwzidapar?ttuw. ayhsdalidal?ah dalkowtawtsayd. ?em aenjinjarhiytarit. ?am. hiytoridapart. huwzlinjar. maydog. ayeodiwezjinjerbrid. ayadiydi?. maybra&arn£ymdim&ae?t na?miy. maydagcvriytaymaydgowin&ahaws lyjempsammiy an puwzae?mayklowz. nikiyaySiQk. anaynowwayyuw ?am ntymdimftae?. biykaziyiz bornankrismis. enyuwga?&iyaydiyafams£yn?nikalis siyakolimnikiy. r£barwathaepindan£y?prafuwzwipu?t&ae?s£nipiydan&atiy£erzd£sk. Jiywazin&akarider. jiygow?in6akerner. yanowwa?ta ayga?t?am aygatcnav&owzscnipiyz. aygatforgrashaparz. naynsncyks. er&argraeshaparz. yea. zgraeshaparz forfragz. spaydarz. now.

210

THIRD GRADE

Mouses. Yeah. Three mice. And I got six um spiders. Oh I got a whole mess of them. I got one spider and two mouses. I got one spider one frog two centipedes um and I got three mice. My sister has a white mouse. I got four. I got um all three of mine are um black mice. Now I got four um four of these little skeletons. Oh. I gave mine to Dick. Because I didnt like it. Know what I did to my mom when you first gave me that one um worm. Well um I told my mom hey look mom I found a worm. She says take it away take it away. And my brother and the spider um I said mom. I put it on the wall you know and my mom comes you know shes excited so she opened up the cupboard door. And she goes and she screams. And my dad comes running in she says. How did she scream. Real loud. Come on. Tell me. Yeah. Real loud. Like how. Once I put this spider I um I tied a string to to the body and then I hung it up and and on the um on the light thing I took a chair and hung it up on light thing and she screamed when she saw it she thought it was making a spider web in the house. Couldnt she tell that that was rope. It was white string. Know what I um did to this one boy. When we had a rock fight you know. Um I got this one little um three bolts. So I put solder in one of them. So then um well first I put a string um around all three of them. Then I put solder in them. And then um no. First I glued um all of the um bolts together. Then I got some solder and I put it in them. And well the and string was um string was just on one of them. So I swinged it around and around and around like this. So I threw it and then I hit the guy right here in the leg. And then once um at my friends house um um um I got this hose you know we were having a water fight. This guy he was coming around with two water balloons balloons in his hand. One was about that big. He was just about to throw it at me when I when I said honor and started shhh squirting him and everything. He had glasses on too. I have to dust the den. And so then he starts walking home soaked and everything. That was funny. Yeah she lives right next door from me. Guy I have so many rocks fights.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

211

mawsiz. yce Oriymays. enayga?siks ?em spayderz. owaygaahowmfsavam. ayga?wenspayd£rentuwmawsiz. ayga?wanspayder wanfrag tuwsEnipiydz ?em ?aend ?ayga?t8nymays. maysistarhaezaway?maws. ayga? for. ayga? ?em ol8riyavmaynar ?em blaykmays. nawayga? for ?em forev&iyzlialskEletinz. ow. ?aygcyvmayntedik. kazaydidanlaykit. now8dayditemaymamw£nyuwfarsg£ymiy&s?wen?am warmwal?eh ?aytowlmaymam hey lukmamayfawnawerm. Jez tEykiwEy tcyktdewcy. anmaybra&eran&espaydartem aysidmam. aypudidan&awalyana ?aen maymamkemz yanaJiyzEksaydidsajaowpindap&ekabarddar. ?£n/igowz anjiyskriymz. anmaydae?kamzrananinjiys£z. hawdidjiys£nym. riyllawd. kman. tElmiy. yea. riyllawd. laykhaw. wunsayputdisspayder ?ay?am ?aytaydastriQtuw te6ebadiy£n&£nayheijidepen Enan6e?em an&alayP&iqaytukaCEran haijidapanlayP&iQenjiyskriymdwan/iysaetJiy&adiwez m£ykiQ8spayarw£ban&ahaws. ku?ntJiyt£l&8t&ae?twazrowp. ?iwazway?striq. nowwaday ?am didte&iswanbay. wanwiyaedarakfay? yenow. ?am ?ayga?t&iswanlul ?am 6riybolts. sowaypatsaderinwanavam. sow&En ?em wafarstaypudastriq ?am arawnalGriyavam. ftinayputsadarinam. ?aen&£n 7am now. farstaygluwd ?am?alav&a ?ambaltstag£&ar. &£nayga?tsamsadaranaypudi?tinam. ?aen? wal&a? snstriqwaz ?em striQwezJistanwenevam. sowayswiqdidarawnenerawndanarawnlayk&is. sowayOruwidan Enayhit&agayraythiyrin?&al£yg. a&£nwens?em ?ae?mayfr£nzhaws ?am ?em ?am ?ayga?t&ishowzyanowwiyarhaevtq Pawadarfayt. &isgayhiyazkumnarawnwa8tuwwadar bauwnz baluwmziruzhaerr. w£nwazabaw?&ae?big. hiyazIistabawta&owidaw?miyw£nay w£nays£d ?aneranstardi skwerdanamanEvriyOiQ. hiyhae?glaesizantuw. ?ayhaeftadast&id£n. ?£n sow&£niystar?tswakiqhowmsowkt anEvriyOir). aeazfaniy. y£a ;iylivzray?n£kstorfremiy. gayayavsowmeniyraksfayts.

212

THIRD GRADE

Yeah and you take the rocks from our place. I know from the front. Well I dont I find them in the alley from you throwing them. Throw them at me I pick them up and I throw them right back. Whats that supposed to be. Cant you do it. What. Sure. I can do it. Thats wrong. Gail thats wrong. Looks like a flower starts going in you know. Look at Gail. Count my fingers. You have blocks in your head. All girls have them. Naturally. All boys are made out of snakes and snails and puppy dog tails. I have one brother. I have two brothers and two sisters. I have one brother. One father. One mother. Two grandmothers. One grandfather. And lots of aunts. And one aunt. I have three of them. Guy you know Paula. She always goes in front. I think Lisa doesnt like this school. Because every time uh every few minutes she starts to bawl. Guy you know this girl named Janice. Well um just because um this girl this other girl put a play bug um down her dress she starts crying. Guy. Why did the robber take a bath. Want to get a clean get away. Right. How did you know. Why do you wear glasses. Because Im farsighted. At my other school well uh there were a lot of kids absent. You know how many we had in the room. Only seven. Because most of them had the measles and chicken pox and mumps and I was absent only for one day. A lot of them. And I have to get here by eight thirty. So. Eight thirty. I have to get up at seven oclock. So do I every morning. I have to get up at six thirty. Why. Mother goes to work at seven thirty. Last night when I we went to this um womans house her um my my friend Pat. Her uh sister. Well we went out over her house and we stayed there until eleven oclock so I was so my mother she got so mad at me this

INFORMAL

SPEECH

213

yta aiyuwtcyk&araksfremarplcys. aynov fremdefrent. walaydowntayfaynamindiyaelty fremyowflrowiQnem. OrowanjPmiyay pikamap anay6rowamray?baek. wasasapowztabiy. kan&wduwi?. wat er, aykinduwit. ?at80Q. gtyl 6ae?tsraq. lukstyka flawarstartsgowiqinyanow. Iuki7|tyl. kawtfmayfiQgarz. yuwhaeblaksinyuwrhcd. algarlzhaevam. nae£araliy. olbayarmcydawdasncyksansncylzenpapiydagtcylz. ?ayhsvwan braftar. ?ayatuw bra&arzantuwsistarz. ayawan bra&ar. wanfa&ar. wanma&er. tuwgraema&arz. wangraemfa&ar. ?anclatsavaents. aenmnaent. ayhavOriyavam. gay anowpala Jiyowiyzgowzinfrant. ayOifcliyzaduzinlayk&isskuwl, biykaz Cviytaym ?e Eviyfyuwminisjiystartstabal. g«y 'enowftisgarlnEymdJasnis. w£l?am Jasbiykaz ?am ftisgarl ftisa&argarlpu? apleyba* ?sm dawnhardrcs Jiystartskrayiq. gay. waydid&erabert£ykabae8. warHJidekliyngidewEy. rayt.hawadyuwnow. wayuwyuwwcrglssiz. biylozaymfarsaydid. ?a?tt>aye&erskuwl wal Pa&crwaraladakidzaebsin. yuwnowawmtniywiyhaed in&aruwn. owniyscvin. kozmowstevemhaed&emiyzalzenCiktnpaksonmampsen ?aywazebsinowniyforwendty. eladavem. ?anarhaeftag£?thiyrbay£y?8ardiy. sow ?£y?8ardiy. ayaeflegedapx?ts£vineklak. •oWciway EvriymorniQ. ayhtftag£dapaetsiks8ardiy. way ma&rgowzdawarka?s£vin8ardiy. Iasny?t wcnay wiywtn?tta&is ?amwumanzhaws har ?ammay mayfrcnpaet. har ?Mittar wawiywcnow? ?owvarharhawsaem wiyst£yd£rantiliyl£vinklaksow aywazsw mayma&ar

214

THIRD GRADE

morning. Last night well she said. When you get in the house go right straight to bed. We didnt. Last night we were supposed to put up the um take out the trash can. So she got mad at uh us about that. I told her mommy you told us to go right straight to bed so we did. So I forgot to make my lunch this morning. Yeah I had some lunch. Pat gave it to me. My friend. He doesnt have any lunch then. Is your mother divorced. Do you have a father. Yeah. In your own house I mean. No. How can your father be your father if hes divorced. Hes still our father. Well that doesnt mean the that means that theyre not married anymore. So theyre still still my father. When uh when we were in school remember the teacher said that she was going to tell us about things. Hey theres another film. Ooo theres the sound. Whats so funny Janell. Lets see. At least thats something to talk about. Well when I go someplace real when I go someplace real late well um I get tired so I say lets go home. And then and then um and then in the car I Im real wide awake and I say I dont want to go to bed. And um. Um once I went to this girls house to stay over and um I wanted to go home because I didnt like it and um so I went home and I said Mommy why did you take me home I want to go back there. And then I was at my cousins and I wanted to go home. And then I went to my cousins and um I wanted to go home and just as my and just as my mother and father got there I went to sleep. When I was at my cousins at Long Beach I said Jamey and I went fee fie foe fum. I smell the blood of Jamies. And he used to get real mad and say Janell now you stop that before I tell aunt my mama. Aunt I mean my mama. You talk about something Craig. Oh gosh. Did you see Michael Rubin um hit the ball. No. I did. Guy he socks it real good. Yeah I socked it over Ricky Searles house and then Steve goes whee and he drops it. Then Michael Rubin gets out. Steve tapped it. Everytime that I go to Lisas house next door well she um you know her house is hooked to my house but its apartment. It is.

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Jiyga?sowmx9?miy&8sm3rnin. laesnay? wajiys£?d. wanyuwgEdin&ahaws gowray?tstr£y?deb£d. wiydidan. laesnay? wiywarsapowztapsdspds ?amtEykaw?t&8 traefkaen. sowJiyga?maedaede asebaw?t&ae?. aytowldar mamiy yuwtowldastagowray?tstr£y?tebcdsowiydid. sowayf9rga?t8m£y?kmaylenCismorniQ. y£ayhaedsemlen£. pae?tg£yvi?tuwmiy. mayfrEnd. hiyduzenhaevfniylanC&En. izyarma&ardiyvorst. dayuwhaevefaftar. yae. inyerownhaws aymiyn. now. hawkenysrfa&arbiyyarfaftar ifhiyzdivorst. hastilarfaftar. wai&aePdazanmiyn&a 6aB?mtynz6ae?ft£rna?maeriyd£niymor. sow ftarsti? stilmayfa&ar. w£n?a wEnwtywarinskuwl riymEmbar&atiytarsEdatfiywazganatElasabawPSiQZ. hey ftErzanadarfilm. uw ftarzesawn. wasowfaniyJanEl. l£?tsiy. ?s?liys6ae?tsem6in&at3kebaw?. wsl wEn?aygowsampl£ys nyl wfn aygowsempl£ysriyll£y?t w£l ?em ?ayg£?tayerdsoways£yl£tsgowhawm. aen&Enaen6En?am ?an&£n Pin&akaray ?emriylwaydew£ykanays£y ?aydowanagowdeb£d. ?aen ?em. ?em wans ayw£n?te6isgarlzhawsdast£y?owv£r ?aen ?am aywandtagowhowm biykazaydinlaykit ?aen ?em sow aywEnthowmaenaysEdmamiy waydadyuwtEykmiyhowmaywenagowbaek&Er. aend&En aywazae? may ¿azinzaenaywanadtagowhowm. ?aen&£nayw£n?temaykezenz ?aen?am Paywentagowhowm ?aenjesezmay? Paenjastazmayma&arenfa&ar ga?t&£rayw£n?tasliyp. enayw8zae?tmaykez8nzae?tloQbiyC ays£d Jfymty ?aenayw£n?t fiy fay fow fern. aysm£l&e bledav J£ymiyz. aeniyyusdegi?nylmaedense ¡en£lnawyuwstapftae?biyforayt£l ?aen? maymama. ?aen? aymiynmaymama. yuwtakabawPtsam&iQkrEyg. owgaj. didyuwsiymaykalruwban ?emhi?6abol. now. ?aydid. gay hiysaksid riylgud. yEaysaktidowvarrikiysiralzhaws Pen&En stiyvgowz wiy eniydrowpsi?. &Enmaykalruwbingitsawt. stiyvtaePpdit. Evriytaym&aedaygowta liyzazhawsnEkstor wa/i? ?em yanowherhawsizhukte mayhawsbet ?i?tsapar?mint adiz.

216

THIRD GRADE

Well no wonder. Anyway. Well anytime that I want to go home she says come on Janell just uh about ten more minutes. I says okay but its going to be fifteen. Okay. And she says no fifteen. I said no five you said first. She says no ten. I said one. She keeps on going higher higher higher high. Craig do you like Elise. Whose Elise. Elise Rowe. Elise Rowe who. You know. Come on. Do you like her. You know her I know. I know. I guess. You know what she did she stole a candy bar from the store. She stole the candy bar from the store. Candybar what kind. Any kind that in the store dont you know. Theres lots of them. Once when I was small about four or five years four or five years old. This is like girl talk only boys and girls talk. And I I um I took a spoon and I like um peanut plain peanut butter on a spoon. So I got some on this spoon and one night when I was licking it like a ice cream bar. I was just licking it like that. I saw this squirrel come down. So I bend down and I let the uh squirrel uh have some um peanut butter so when it was all gone I went back in the house and got some more. What about germs from you. How much longer do we have to talk. Yeah. It looked like it was fifteen after in our room. Fifteen after in our room. I know it but when um sometimes they talk here. So. Who. Missus Endicott. Whos she. Shes the teacher that taught here. One more minute. I never have seen her before. You never seen her. One day when um I had my birthday we went to uh uh Disneyland and came back had dinner went to a movie and then uh went to another drive in. And then the next day we got with out cousins and went up to the snow. And we had a uh a lot of fun. The snow was uh real cold and uh if you put it um. Yeah yeah we threw snowballs and well one landed on my uh face and uh I took my shirt off and went in a a tent um got the uh campfire

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218

THIRD GRADE

ready. Well there was a campfire uh I well took my shirt off and uh oh um we um I rested by the campfire the snow melted. I drank some of the um uh water that it uh had left. And we had a nice time on my birthday. Two days of your birthday. No but uh theres one real date. And then uh for the party and uh thats when we uh went to my movie and things. And then the next day was my real birthday and I went with my cousins to the snow. That must be fun. It was. Well last Saturday my mother went to a trip to visit her father um because hes in the hospital and my aunt came down and took care of us. Well uh one time on um not Easter vacation I cant remember what uh vacation it was um my mom took us all out to see um a movie I think it was called Jerry Lewis in Only Money and um a Bob Hope thing. And uh. Bob Hope and Lucille Ball. Yeah. Critics Choice. I think so. Yeah I saw that. And uh when he tried to be a butler. Uh anyway um well he um when he uh after um uh he wanted to pretend to be a butler so uh he uh uh took his friends and said well uh he wanted to have a good family so he said he didnt really have a family so hes um asked his friends to pretend like he was a family his family and uh he got in all sorts of trouble because of a one lady that wanted to um he um Bob Hope to be uh her butler instead of another ladys so uh when Bob Hope was serving um one of the ladies um a drink she uh she um threw a dart in his bottom and he spilled all the drink he spilled the drink a cocktail on um uh his um well masters uh his ladys um lap. And he got into all sorts of trouble. And then when he finally decided to go back with the other um people he um he was he pretended to be a um he pretended to be uh lets see um I think something like a mayor or a famous uh wolf catcher you know um and horses they would go after you know wolves and rabbits and things. So anyway he didnt really know how to ride a horse at all. He uh got on the horse and hed fall right off. So um anyway he trip he um Lucille Ball tried well Lucy uh tried to help him uh that was one of the ladys a daughter she tried to help him to learn to ride a horse. So everytime he got on it he fell off. Uh that wasnt a real horse just a practice one. And then when the thing came he pretended like uh he couldnt run he couldnt ride a horsey um because he had a sore uh knee. And then they begged him. But he still wouldnt so one of these guys that hated him he wanted to marry Lucy but um he wouldnt uh but Lucy well when she he came Bob Hope came he uh Lucy didnt fall in love with him but you know started to like him a little better. And the other cowboy was jealous of her.

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220

THIRD GRADE

So um well he made um Bob Hope uh ride uh the um wildest stallion uh there ever was and after that they had a fight in the bar and they threw um glasses of whiskeys I mean uh bottles of whiskey in each others head and they had a fight because um the bad um the cowboy knew what his who he really was and because he had he found a scrapbook that told who he really was and Bob Hope tried to get it away from him so he then he wouldnt be able to tell all the other people who he really was. And after uh that well he just wanted to run away because he didnt like it. Um and uh uh Lucille uh told him to come back and they promised that he would they would never um ever theyd never be uh mean to him again and thats how it ended. Thats a different movie than I saw. What one did you see. Uh let see its real funny. First um see Bob Hope was a I think he was a critic a writer I guess it is and Lucy wanted to write a play about her two sisters and her mother. And um and Lucy you know started writing this real long play about her sisters and and it took about a whole bunch of days and she wrote at night and the afternoon and um Bob Hope never um Bob Hope was Lucys husband and he never helped Lucy and then well I cant remember the rest. Well oh on Easter vacation we went uh all the way up to Big Sur. Uh first we got a cabin then we started to go hiking. And then we went back to the office and we we uh went on some hiking trails. And then when we came back um I mean and on the hiking trails we saw falls and we drank the water from there we went up to in in the very top of the mountain we looked down and then we climbed back down and then the last of all our hikes when we were coming uh back home I was running to catch up and I fell right on my side. And it hurt real badly. And the afterward and then in two days it started itching like mad.And now the scabs gone. Uh well when I um Im in cubs now and we our cub master takes us to a lot of um places like not mountains but uh camps. He took us to camp Hosefa. He took us to a football game. And to the police station. And I uh like the uh camp the best uh that where we stayed there was not mountains but a little a hill kind of with all kinds of bushes and trees in it and the cubs uh climbed it up. And after that we had lunch and. Oh we went on a five mile hike. And it turned out to be a a an eight mile hike baok and forth all together. And uh yesterday I mean the day after um that I was stiff I couldnt move my well I could move my legs but they really hurt from that eight mile hike and uh. Well we played in the mud and when I was up when I was up in the up in the um top of the hill um it was about not a mile high but about a block high I think. About two blocks up. And um. On Tuesday you know you always everyone runs to boy scouts and cub scouts.

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222

THIRD GRADE

Well anyway um so I fell down rolling down a thing. I fell. I didnt do it on purpose. I was falling I fell down the thing you know rolling and you know theres these benches um uh where you not where you eat but logs kind of and I rolled down right between them then I my head landed right next to one. And I got bumped but uh it wasnt bad and but we had a real boss time. One time um um a friend of mine we um we were going to go on a bike ride. And we went all the way down to um it was um on Clarkson um on this side. No but on this side not on that side this side. And I see we went down this real steep hill and I was going so fast I was so scared you know and I forgot to put on the brakes and I ran right to the sidewalks. And um I had to have stitches up here and then I um had to walk straight on my left leg straight. And that hurt. Yeah for a week. I was a week absent. I went over to Stephen Hawsheys one time and and Paul uh lives right down the block from him so all together it was so hot we took off our shirts and only with our undershirts on and we went bike riding down uh alls kinds of hills through mud uh and water and things and all through um lots and oh all through hills and on sidewalks and up hills were the worst. Well uh so uh I um Paul and um all of us uh we were riding uh going down a real real steep hill that was going is a practically straight down. So anyway um we found this big we it was a big big mud puddle. And uh and uh there was a rock in front of it. So um uh I hit the um on my uh the bike that I was riding didnt hit go over the rock but it hit a part of it and I left flying into the mud puddle. And uh Paul um Paul uh stopped and so did Stephen Hawshey and uh Paul went to help me and he fell in and he and on accident uh uh he tripped uh Stephen Hawshey and he fell in and we got all muddy. I came here and played on the playground. Played handball. Play baseball. Well um we went on my sister wanted to go on the easter egg hunt. And um so we went on one in the backyard. And it was a uh yellow one that was in our lemon tree and my sister went under it and the wind blew it and it cracked on her head. And it fell out of the tree and it went on her head and it cracked. Nope. No. And then um when we were swinging on the glider and um these two little girls come over they live down the street and um my sisters friend. So they all get on the glider and theres about ten people all the neighbors were coming over and it was a real big glider it was loaded and it was swinging and all of a sudden one of somebody started screaming so we got off and then um someone and one of the litttle girls got her fìnger caught in the glider. We went on the Easter hunt at a park. And and oh we went um we went to um we went clam digging then but the first time we didnt catch anything but the second time we caught a lot of clams. Well you get a shovel and you dig under um these rocky places. At a certain time. Theres a the um tide is

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223

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224

THIRD GRADE

low and you could go clam digging. Yeah. Once we went to the beach and um my brother me and my sister were making a castle and um me and my sister brang these two small shovels and uh me and my brother could make the castle without them so we gave them to our junior high brother and he its flat and then a big thing like that and he digs a big hole through it and then he says come on in my second brother comes in and it caves in. And um he wanted to make the castle real deep so he went down about three feet and then he start going down more ahd he there was a big crab came out and he picks up the crab and says hey mom whats this. How much is one and one. Two. Um what kind of a dog doesnt bark. A wienie dog. A hot dog. Aw. Tell me what what what person doesnt talk. You. What kind of a duck doesnt say quack. You. Dead duck. Make that noise again you go. What should we talk about. Well once we saw this um comedy on television. It was real funny. It was and they went in this um haunted house and they found this little thing so they tear it open and theres a box inside there. Um so they didnt know what to do with it so he theres three guys so one of them sits down in in a chair and then he um starts looking at you know looking at it and then no one else is looking theyre just going all over the um house and then theres a trap door and it turns around the chair on the other side just like it and then um the other guy says hmm he was sitting right there now where did he go so they sit so one another guy sits on it the same thing happens. And then the other guy says hmm they both sat there. So he says Im not going to try it. And he looks away and then um he looks back at it theres a skeleton sitting on the chair. I saw a movie about a man he sits on a um uh a bomb that was going to blow um in three seconds so he sits on it and he blows up with it and hes all the way up in the sky. On the cartoon at the end um it was about it was a little guy his name was Slippery Bly International Spy so hes holding a firecracker and he says oh now a fire. And then it blows up and he says cracker. It does crack. Cracks in half. Make those noises you always do in school. Knock knock. Whos there. Ash.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

225

taydizlow anyakad gow klsmdigiq. y£h. wantswiywcntuw&abiyfiaen ?em maybre&er miyanmaysistarwar mfykiqakaesal ?aen Psmmiyemaysisterbrcq&iyztuwsmal/evelz ?aen?a miyamaybraftar kudm£yk6akxsalwi6awdam sowiygtyvem tuwarjuwnyarhaybra&er anhiy itsflae??anenabig 8iQlayk&ae?aniydigzabighowt sflruwi? ?an&cn hiysczkamsnin mahysckandbra&arkamzin aenatkcyvzin. ?aen ?am hiyweandamcyk&akasalriyldiypsow hiyw£n?dawnebaw?8nyfiy?en6£nhiystartgoiodawnmDreniy ftErwazabigkraeb kcymaw? aemypiksap&akr£bins£z heymam wats&is. hawmafiizwantndawan. tuw. ?am watkayndavadsg dazitbark. ewiyniydog. ?ahatdag. ?aw. tcwmiywat wat watparsandazantsk. yuw. watkaynavadakdazantsfykwsk. yuw. dcdek. mcykdaetnoyzagcnyagow. wafiawiytakabawt. wflwantswiyso&is ?am kamadiy ?em tElaviZin. iwazriylfaniy. iwez ?«n6£yw£nin&is ?em honidhawsan &Eyfawnd&islidal8iQsowb£y Uridowpen annErzabaksinsayd&Er. ?em sowiydihna?nowataduwi8itsowhiy ftfrsriygaysow wanavamsitsdawnin ?inaC£ren&£n hiy ?am startslukiQst yanow lukiqaedit an&fn nowanflsazlukiq 6£rJisgowiqol?owvarAa ?em hawsan&En AErzatraepdaranittarnzarawnd ftaiEron&iyeftersaydJazlaykit ?xn&£n ?em &a6argays£zhm hiywasidiqrayt&Er nawwfradiygow sowftiysed sowwan ?ana6argaysits3net&as£ym8tq£penz. sn£niye&argays£z hm 6£ybow8sst&£r. sowiysEzaymnaPganatrayit. aruyluksawEyan&an ?am hiyluksbaekae?at AErzaskElitin sidirpnnaCfr. ?ay soe muwviyabawdamaen hiysitsona ?em ?a abam &ae?wazganablowapin8nys£kins sowiysitsanit eniyblowzepwiSit ?niyzolew£yepineskay. ?3n&akartuwnae?&iy£nd ?am iPwazabaw? ?iwezelidalgay hiznEymwassliperiyblayinternaeJenalspaysow hiyzhowldiqafayarkraekarmysEz ?ow nowafayar. ?en&£ru?blowzepeniys£z kraekar. i?dazkraek. kraeksinhaef. mEyk&owznayzaz yuwolwiyzduwinskuwal. nak nak. huwzfr.

226

THIRD GRADE

Ash who. Knock knock. Whos there. Water. Water who. Watermelon. Whats the best thing to put in pies. Your teeth. Whats the worst thing to put in urn whats the worst thing to put in a banana. Your nose. Might sneeze. When my sister says the three bears but when she gets to the part where they go up the stairs so she says that all right then when she says when the papa bear goes and he says when his when Goldilocks sits in the momma bears bed she says and it was so soft that when she got in it it the sides the sides went way up to the window and she couldnt see out. Tell me that one um tell me that knock knock one. Oh kay. Knock knock. Whos there. Boo. Boo who. What are we supposed to talk about. Tell him to stop burping. One night my sister was going to sit on my dads lap so my dad says wait a second and he takes off his shoes you know. And then Suzie sits on his lap. And then well she says pee yu what stinks so bad. And he and dad says why its your feet of course. Another night she was she bumped her head and she said mom I bumped my head. And then Momma didnt answer because she was in the ironing room and she couldnt hear so she says mom I bumped my head real loud and then dad says well do it again. Yeah I have three brothers. I have two brothers and a sister. I have two brothers two at home and myself is four. I have two sisters and um let me see four kittens and one mother kitten and and we sold one of the uh baby guinea pigs and theres um and theres one baby and uh one mother and we have um. No we have my sister um my baby sister has ten birds. And um two babies. At first we had the baby kittens then the baby uh guinea pigs then the no then the um baby birds then the baby pigs. About a year ago my brother two of us um went over to um his friends house and then he went way down the street you know. And he saw this cat so he found out who it belonged to and they said he could have it so so momma said he could have it and um about about three weeks afterwards it started having babies and then my dad doesnt like that and it had six then it had five then it had four then it had six again and that all adds up to twenty

INFORMAL

SPEECH

227

Paejhuw. naknak. huwzEr. wader. waderhuw. wadarmElin. watsdabEsOiQdapuPinpayz. yertiyO. wets&ewarsdiQQ tapudin ?em wats&a warstdiqdapudin ?abanxne. yarnowz. maytsniyz. wcnmaysistar s£z&a8riyb£rz bawEntiygEtsa&aparfwEr&Eygowap&a stersowjiy stzzaetoray? &£nw£jiysaz wEndapapabEr gowz nhiyscz wanhiz wenngowldiylaksitsin nemamabcrzbcd jiysEz ?aeni?wesowsafdae?wtnfiygadinit i? ftesayz ftasayz w£n?w£yap tuw&awindow ?anjiykudan?siyawt. t£lmiy&ae?wan ?am t£lmiy&ae?naknakwan. owkfy. naknak. huwzftEr. buw. buwhuw. watarwiyspowstetokebawt. tdimtastapbarpiq. wannayt maysistar wezgonesidomaydaedz laepsowmay daedsEzwEytesEkin niytcyksofis/uwz yanow. ?aen&£n suwziysitsomzlaep. aen&an wc/i? sEzpiyyuw watstiqkssowbaed. eni andaedsEz way ?itsyarfiyt afkors. ene&ernayt Jiywas Jiybamptarhed aenJiysEd mam aybamptmayhEd. a&Emamaditantaensar kafiywazinniyayaniqruwm eniiykuttnthiyr sow/sEz mamaybemp?mayh£d nylawd ann£ndaeds£z wElduwidagEn. yEayhavOriybra&arz. ?ayavtuwbre&erzinasister. ayavtuwbra&arz tuwaethowm aenmayselfizfor. ayhavtuwsistarz ?aen ?am lEmiysiy forki?enztn wenmeftarkitannEn En wtyssowlwanav&a ?a bfybiyginiypigzEn&Erz ?am aen&ErzwanbEybiy ?aen ?a wenme&er ?an wiyhaev ?am. now wiy haev maysistar ?ammaybEybiysistarhaeztEnbardz. ?£nd ?em tuwbEybiyz. atfarstwiyaed&ebEybiyki?enz &En&ab£ybiy ?a giniypigzzEnna now &En&e?em bEybiybardz bEn&abEybiypigz. bawdayiyragowmaybra&ar tuwavas ?am wEnowvartuw ?am htzfrEndzhawsan&EniywEn? wEydawn&astriy? yanow. aendhiyso&iskaets showhiy fawndawthuwi?babqtuw annEysEdhiykudhaevitsow sowmamasEdiykudhaevi? ?aen ?em ?ebaw? ?abaw?eriywiyksaeftarwerdz itstardaeviqbEybiyz ?aen&Emaydaedazanlayk&aet aend itaedsiks bEiaedfayv fttiaedfor &Eiaedsiksag£n anbae?

228

THIRD GRADE

one babies. And my dad got real mad. Because it was a real big grey one you see about that tall you know and then see he waits until its night time and everyones asleep. And then um theres a little hole in the um garage door you know and thats where we keep him in the garage so he comes through the hole and he goes in my dads bed. He crawls down the covers and he licks his toes. At nighttime. You mean your fathers sleeping in the garage. Oh um theyre all finches and my and my sister I think her hobby is um uh. Birds. Yeah birds. The bird. The bird. Yeah. The father died. No they stay outside. And we have fishes. What. Um once in the classroom they were they had a um record player and then um we were going to listen to a record and when it came the groups turn that I was in well it had something about a horse and then two boys got it from this um pet store and then the um the horse had to uh wear a hat on his head. When he turns the corner you have to get up get off and take his hat and throw it over there and hell go get it. And his name was. Low Joe. No. Here come. It was Here Comes something. Yeah Here Comes something. Remember they said a horse with a real head. Yeah. See their daddys see they told their daddy that they had fifteen dollars and they were saving up to get a horse because they wanted to um to have a horse because they didnt want to walk. And then the daddy took takes them down and he says okay theres. Okay 111 get you a horse. And then the boys say what. A horse with a real head. When I grow up I want to be an architect. I want to be an archaeologist. What do you want to be. I dont know. Well. I know what you want to be. What. A girl. I dont know really. I want to be a artist or a teacher. Good. You start it. Yeah Donald. Which school did you used to go to. Well lets see. Did you go to any military schools. No.

INFORMAL

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229

?3laedzaptatwaniywanbEybiyz. amaydaed ga?rilmsd. kazErwazariylbigrEywanyasty ebaw?&ae?tol yanow Pan&En siyhiywfyts antilitsnaytaym anEvriywanzasliyp. an&cn ?em ftErza lidal howlin&a ?am gara}doryanow an&sswErwiykiypm in&agaralsow hiykamzOruw&ahowlan hiygowzinmaydaedzbcd. hiykrolzdawnnakavarz aeniyliksiztowz. ae?naytaym. yuwrniynyarfaftarsliypaninftagara]. ow am ftcrslfiniazaeod may EnmaysistarayOiqk harhabiyiz ?em ?e. bardz. y£ bardz. dabard. dabard. yeah, ftafa&ardayd. now 6cy stcyawtsayd. Enwiyaevfijaz. we?. ?em wants?in&aklaesruwm6Eywar &cy hxdePem rckardplEyarn&an ?am wiywar ganalisantuwarckartan wcnitkeym&agruwp starn&adaywazin w€li? PhaePsampmabawdaharsan&En tuwboyz gaditfram&is?am pEtstar ?an&£n &e ?am bahorshaeda ?a wErahaedonizhEd. wEniytarnzdakarnaryaefta gidap gidofentiykiz haetnGrowidowvar&EranhiylgowgEdi?. aeniznEymwaz. lowjow. now. hiyrkam. iwazhiyrkamssamOiq. y£a hiyrkamsamtiq. m£mbar6£ys£d PahsrswibariylhEd. y£. siybErdaediys siy&Eytowld&Erdaediy &ae?b£yadfiftiyndalarz anEywarsEyviqap tagEdahars bikazzEywanad te?am tahEva hors bakazEydidan?wanawak. aenbEn badaediy tuk tEyksamdawnaniysEz owkEy&Erz. owkty algEtyuwahors. aen&En&abaysEy wat. PahsrswibariylhEd. wanaygrowap awanabiyanarkatEkt. aywenebiyenarkiyalajist. wadayuwannabiy. aydown?now. wEl. aynowatyawenebiy. wat. ?agaral. aydown?now riliy. aywanabiya?artisaratiy£ar. gud. yuwstarti?. y£ danald. wiCskuwIdidyuwyuwstagowtuw. w£I latsiy. dijuwgowtuwtniymilettriyskuwlz. now.

230

THIRD GRADE

Did you. Girls cant go. Well um. I went to two of them. What. Um Brentwood and um Ramsey. Those arent military. Brentwood isnt. What other schools did you go to. Um I went to Millies Nursery School. I went to Richland Avenues Nursery School. And I went to um my teacher in kindergarten was Miss Lacey. Then in um ae three I had Miss Stockier and then Miss Carver then Miss Kelley now I have Miss Bough. And in um lets see I had Missus um in kindergarten I had Missus um um. Who was it um. I dont know. Greenly. I had Missus Greenly and I went to another um you know one of these schools and then its name was Childrens Paradise. Well uh first first I went to Millies Nursery School then I went to Miss Laceys class here then I went to then I came to Missus Browns class then Miss Stockers then Miss Peterson then I went to yu cee ell ae and now Im here in this of ours. I went to yu cee ell ae or some people call it yu ee ess. Well this Saturday Im going to go to um Disneyland. And on um May eleventh Im going to the circus and Im going to have a practice game and uh last Saturday we had a practice game and we lost twenty to four. Um and yesterday we had a practice and today we were working in school and um when Im about twelve Im going to take up science a little bit. And um lets see left to say. Well what was I going to say. I dont know. Youre doing it Donald. Lets see. I hate to be vulgar. Well you know Ricky well this uh Wednesday Im going to get some uh Scoutarama tickets and Serlos going to get some and um Richard Serlo hes going to get some at uh Tuesday. Tomorrow. And then um we were going to sell them for a dollar and then the more we sell we like if we sell two we get this little tiny uh camera. And then if we its a dollar for one um its a dollar theres ten tickets theres ten tickets to a book. And one and one ticket one ticket one ticket calls it would cost a dollar and theres ten of them in the book so it costs ten dollars. Um do you want to buy a ticket to Scoutarama.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

231

didyuw. garlzkaengow. w£l ?am. aywEntatuwav&am. wat. ?am br£n?wudaenam rxmziy. 6owsan?militcriy. brtntwudizent. wada&arskuwlzanyuwgowtuw. am aywtntamiliyz narsriyskuwal. awintuwritlannaevanyuwz narsriyskuwl. anaywEntuw ?am maytiyCariQkinargardanwazmislEysiy. &£nin?am ?£y6riyayhaedmisstaklar aentnmiskarvar &cnmisk£liynawayxvmisbaw. ?aen?in?am letsiy ayaedmisazam ?iQktruygardenayaedrrusezam ?am. huwwazidam. aydownow. griynliy. ayadmisaz griynliy aenayw£ntuwana&ar?am yuwnowana&iyskuwlz ?aen&£n ?tsn£ymis6ildrenspaeradays. w£l ?a?ferst faystaywEntamiliyznarsanyskal n£nayw£ntuwmisl£ysiysklaeshiya 6tnayw£nta &£nayk£ymtamisazbrawnsklaes s£nmisstakaz dEnrruspiytarsen &£nayw£ntayuwsiy£l£y ?aennaw?aymhiyr inftisvaews. aywEntayuwsiyElEy arsempiypalkDli?yuwiy£s. w£lp 6isaederd£yamgonegowte am dizmylaen. aendon ?am£yal£van8aymgowiqtuw&asarkis aenaymgeneaeve praektisg£ym ?aend ?a laes saedardeywiyaedapraektisgtymaenwiylostwaniytefor. ?am ?aend yEstadfywiyaedapraektis ?aentedEywiywerwerkininskuwel aendem wEnamabawtwElvaymgonEtEykapsayEntsalidalbit. aenam lEtsiy l£ftas£y. w£l wawazayganasEy. aydownow. yarduwirjitdanald. letsiy. ayhfytabiyvalgar. we I yanowrikiy wElfiis ?aw£nzd£y a m g a n a g i t s a m a skawdaraematikits aendsirlowz g a n a g i t s a m ?aenam riCardsirlow hiyzganagitsamaet?a tuwzdfy. tamarow. aen&£n?am wiyarganasElEmfaradalar artEnnamorwiysElwi? laykafwiysEltuwwiygitdis lidaltayniya kaemra. aenEnifwiy itsadalarfarwan ?am itsadalar ftErstfn tikits &£rst£ntikitstuwebuk. aendwan aendwantikit wantikis wantikitkolz idadkostadalar aen&£rst£nav6am in&abuksowikost Undalarz. ?am dayuwennbayetikettskawderaeme.

232

THIRD GRADE

Do you. Huh. Aw baloney. It just cost a buck. Theres going to be professional football players professional basketball players um and a swim meet and were going to put up a booth and so are most of the packs and troops and everything. And were going to have all this equipment for for tomorrow. Programs. And um in cub scouts Im uh in first place of all of them except for one. Me and Keith are tied in um running. And um me and Keith are tied in um in jumping. And then um and. But Im Im ahead in running and jumping. I did. Five foot five. No I didnt. Five foot six and a half. Five six and a half. And then um lets see. Are you married. No. Well then you can only buy one ticket so buy one from me. Buy one from me. See my dads my moms the second highest in the cub pack my dad used to be the highest oh come on. Please. Well do you get money for doing this. Where do you live. Is there any cub scouts around there. How many. What what pack are they in. They better not be in thirty seven. They better not be in uh one uh thirty seven either. One forty two. One forty two. Um. Thats my brothers one. No its. Its two thirty seven. Yeah. Um. Lets see. What do I say. Do you have any brothers or sisters. Well I intend to die when Im about two thousand ninety nine hundred and seven million. I intend to die really when I see someones face. I intend you to die when when um when youre nine. Well I was sick Saturday. Got around twenty inches of hair. I was sick sick Saturday and I threw up and I had a temperature of a hundred and two. And now my mothers sick and my mother and daddy are going to um New York and Nassau on Wednesday. Nassau and New York. And my baby sisters nine months old. And if um we well two hundred books which I wish we could we get to go to trip to Chicago or Europe or where is it.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

233

duwye. he. aaa balowmy. itjistkastabak. 6arzgenebiyeperf£Jenelfutbalpl£yerz praf£jenalbaeska?balpl£yerz ?em ?aenaswimmiyt aen wirganapudap ?abuw6 aensowarmowstav&apaeksaentruwps anevraOiq. aenwarganahaevol&is kwipmin?fer fartamarow. prowgraemz. aendam ?inkabskawtsaym ?a ?infarstplcys 8v?3lavamckscpfarwan. miyankiyOartaydin ?em raniq. aen ?am miyankiyOartaydinam inlampiq. aenftcn ?am ?aend. badam ?amehcdinreniQ injampiq. aydid. fayfutfayv. nowaydiden?. fayfutsiksinahaef. fayvsiksinahaef. aen&cnsm lEtsiy. ?aryuwmaenyd. now. wEl&Enyuwkinownliybaywantiktsowbaywanframiy. bayfwanframiy. siymaydaedz maymamz basEkinthayastinnakabpaek maydaedyuwstabiy&ahayast ?owkaman. pliyz. wElduwyagiPmeniyfarduwinrus. werdayaliv. izarcniykabskawtsarawnncr. hawmcniy. hwat hwatpaekar&cyin. 6cybcdarna?biyineardiyscvin. &£yb£derna?biyin ?awan ?e Osrdiyscviniyftar. wenfordiytuw. wanferdiytuw. ?am. ftaesmaybra&arzwan. nowis. ?itstuw9ardiys£vin. y£a. ?em. l£tsiy. weduways£y. dayaeveniybra&arzarsistarz. wElayintfndadaywanaymabawt tuwOawzannayndiynaynhandnd PentsCvinmilyin. ayintcndadayriyliy wEnaysiysamwanzfEys. ayantcnyuwdadaywcn ?amw£nyernayn. wElaywasiksaedardfy. gadarawntwaniyin£ezah£r. aywastk sik saedardtyanayOruwap aenayaedaUmpafiaravahandardantuw. aenawmayma&ersikaemayms&arandaediyargoyQgE ?emnuwyork?aennaesaanw£nzd£y. naesaanuwysrk. aemaybfybiysistarznaynmanOsowld. ?aen?iffam wiysEltuwhanradbuks wifiaywijwiykud wiyg£tagowtuw triptuw/ikagowayurap ?erw£rizit.

234

THIRD GRADE

Mexico. Mexico. Two tickets to Mexico. We might doubt that. Just try. We can go there any day. So can we. Because my daddy works at American Airlines. Hes a meteorologist. Um my dad works my dads well my um dad work makes blouses and he sells them to Campus Casuals of California. And um sometimes he makes skirts and junk. Does he wear any. Shut up. Um sometimes um he makes dresses at least we least my mom gets them free. And um she wear any. And you know he has like a and he has like a pencil company that he owns. He has like a pencil company that he owns and he um and they make a mess of pencils. It says Cila Garment Company. Sixty four Market Street Venice California. And then um lets see. Well theres a real stupid girl in our class and her names Joanne. Susan Unger. And Joanne and she wears a real sloppy petticoat. Yeah. When she walks when she bends down like this. Her dress comes up. Her whole dress comes off. It almost slides off. And you could see her um underwear. And she makes. I want to ask you something. Its my turn. My turn. I want to ask you something. And and she brings Peter Pan records to school and we have to listen to them and. And we have to eat them. And and she goes to this nut the nuttiest boy in the class his name is Michael Rubin he doesnt know what one and one is. And she goes to his birthday party. And he kisses and he kisses them and stuff. Yeah and Michael Rubin always go oh Susan I love you. I love you. And he kisses me and junk. Now its my turn. Well uh lets see. Well lets see. I want to tell you something. Lets see um. What. Well there were twenty sick there were twenty sick sheep one died and how many were left.

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235

mCksikow. mEksika. tuwtikitstuwmEksikow. wiymaytdawtftet. Jistray. wiykingowftercniydcy. sowkinwiy. kazmaydaediywerksaetamErakanErlaynz. hiyzamiytaralajis. ?am maydaed warks maydaedzwElmay?amdaedwark mEyksblawsazaeniysElzEmtakaempiskaguwalzavkaelifornya. aend?am samtaymzhiymcykskartsanjaqk. daziywErEniy. Jadap. ?am samtaymz ?em hiymeykstresaz aetliystwiy liystmaymamgttsemfriy. Paend ?em Jiywcrcniy. Paend yanow hiyaezlayka aeniyhaezlaykapEnsilkamparuy&aediyownz. hiyaezlaykapEnsilkampaniy&aediyownz PaenPiyPam aen&EymEykamEsapEnsilz. itsEzsilagarmanPkampaniy. sikstiyformarkatstriyt vEniskaelafornye. aen&Enam lEtsiy. w£I &ErzanyistuwpagarelnarklaesaenernEymzJowaen. suwzinaogar. ae? lowaenaenJiywErzariylslapiypEdiykowt. y£. wEnjiywaks wEnJiybEndzdawnlayk&is. hardrEskemzep. harhowldrEskamzaf. itowmowsslaydzof. anyuwkadsiyaramPandarwEr. aen/iymtyks. aywanaaestyuwsamGin. itsmaytarn. maytarn. aywanaaeskyusamOin. ae? PaenJiybriogzpiydarpaenrEkardz taskuwal aenwiyhaeftalisantuwam ?aen. aendwiyaeftaPiydam. ?aend Paentjiygowsta&isna? &anadiyastb3yinaklaesiznEymizmaykalruwb8nhiyd8zan?nowa?w8ninwaniz. PaendJiygowztaizbarOdEypardiy. aeniykisaz Paeniykisaz&amanstaf. y£ aendmaykalruwbinawiyzgow Powsuwzin aylavya. aylavya. aeniykisazmiyaenlaqk. nawitsmaytern. we I ?e lEtsiy. wal latsiy. aywanatElyasamBan. lEtsiy ?em. wet. wEl&Erwartwaniysik &ErwartwaniysikJiyp wandayd anhawmEniywerlEft.

236

THIRD GRADE

Huh. I want her I want her to Miss Stone to answer it um. There were twenty sick sheep one died and how many were left. Twenty five. No. Twenty two. You guess. It its twenty two. How come. Because. Twenty sick. I didnt say six so theres only twenty I said twenty sick. Theyre sick. Twenty sick sheep. Once there was these three men in Alcatraz. And the um guard came around and he said the one who the one who um gets tell each part of the body can go out free. And so um the first one said he said wheres your elbow he said where right here. He says wheres your head. He said right here. He says wheres your foot he says right here. And so he you cant go. So he goes to the second guy and he says wheres your knee he says here. Wheres your hand he says here. Wheres your head he says here. So he cant go so the next guy says wheres your elbow he says here wheres your head here. Wheres your um foot. Right here. And so he says so he can go. And so then the other guy said how how did you do it. And the other guy says brains. If you drop a hat in the wet sea in the Red Sea what would it become. Wet. Wet. Do you know a girl from yu cee ell ae her name is Carol Salonka. Do you know um a girl and her name is Irene Dass. Irene Bass. Irene Basseses. Well theyre my Sunday school teachers. Teachers. Do you know a a woman named ah Miss Small. You know she had in my Sunday school she always goes like she always goes like this. Thats her. You are her. What Sunday school do you go to. He goes to church. Yeah I go to church. I got to go to church I got~to stay in church for about three hours. We stay in Sunday school for two. And then I got to eat. We cant even play we have to eat for around. Either can we. We cant go out we have to eat stay in the building and we have to eat for for around two hours. Youre lucky.

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237

he. awen?her awen?herde?aen misstownneaentserit ?em. ftcrwertwaniysikjiyp wendayd nhawmcmywerlcft. tweniyfayv. now. twentytuw. yuwges it itstwaniytuw. hawkem. kaz. twcniysik. adiden?s£ysiks sowftcrzownliytwaniyaysEdtwaniysik. ftcyrsik. tweniysik/iyp. wentsErwaziyzOriymEninaelketraez. aend AiyemgardkEymerawneniysEd ftewenhuw ftawenhuw ?em gits tcliyCpardevbebadiykingowawtfriy. endsow ?em ftafarstwensEd hiysEd w£rzyar?£lbowiys£d wcr raythiyr. hsezwcrzyarhcd. lyscdraythiyr. hiysfz wcrzyarfut hiystzraythiyr. aendsowht? yuwkxntgow. sowiygowztuw&es£kendgayeniys£zw£rzyerniyiys£zhiyr. werzyarhaendiyscz hiyr. wcrzyarhcd hiysEzhiyr. sowhiyk«n?gow sow&ancksgayscz wcrzyedbowiysczhiyr wcrzyerhcdhiyr. werzyer?emfut. raythiyr. «ndsowhiysez sowhiykeqgow. «ndsow&cnftiyeftargayscd haw hawdidysduwit. aendftiyeftergayscz brcynz. ifyuwdrapehaet?n&ew£tsiy ?in&ar£dsiywe?wuditbiykem. wet. wet. deyuwnow?e gerl franyuwsiyElEyerncymizkaralselaqke. dayuwnow ?em ?agarlnarncymiz ?ayriyndaes. ?ayriynbaes. ayriynbxsasez. wcl&eyrmaysandiyskuwltiyfiars. tiyfiarz. dyuwnowe ?awumin£ymdahmismal. yuwnow/iyae?in maysendiyskul siyawiyzgowzlayk Jiyowiyzgowzlaykis. ftaetsher. yuwrhar. wahsendcyskuwldeyuwgowduw. piygowsta£er£. ych haygowda£ar£. aygadegowda£ar£ aygadest£yin£ar£farehawt Oriyawerz. wiystEyinsendEyskuwIfertuw. en&Enaygada?iyt. wiykaruyvenpl£ywiyafte?iytfererawnd. ly&erkaenwiy. wiykaen?gowawt wiyaefte?iy sttyin&ebildiQ enwiyaeftsiytfer ferarawndtuwawarz. yarlekiy.

238

THIRD GRADE

We cant go out and play. Youre lucky. You get to eat. Well our teachers real nice because she lets us um she get she go we have like a you know the Craigs on um Gateway Boulevard. Yeah. Here. Down here. Well um we have something like the uh um we only have Sunday School about two um houses away or not houses but big as houses. I got a good one. And um so she always gets everything there she gets cookies and you see we have this real stupid substitute his name is Mister Londen. Mister London. You should call him Mister Paris. You should call him Mister London Bridge is Falling Down. And and so he chews gum so one one day he chewed it and um he spit it um on the floor. And so this girl steps on it. And so she cant get up. And so her name is Vickie the girl who stepped on it. She would. No not that Vickie. And then so she was trying to pull it and so she couldnt. So she um tried and then she fell down and then. And all the air pumped out. Huh. Then she fell down and then she was stuck to the floor. And then um I tried to help her up but she couldnt get up because Mister London spit the gum down so um Mister London had to go to away and and she had to stay and finally someone got her up and she and her and it was her best um diamond dress it cost two hundred dollars and her mother had. Youre full of it. Youre sure full of. Brains. Brains. New one. Diamond. Not diamond but fake diamond. Well it wouldnt cost two hundred. This morning well when I went to the doughnut shop I went to get a doughnut and I put some Curad on um some Curad bandaids in my uh hand and then I had put a dollar in my other hand. Then I thought the dollar was in this hand. And it was the Curad bandaid really in this hand. So you paid him. And I pay him and I throw the bandaids on the counter. And she says these are bandaids. Oh you mean Primos doughnuts. Yeah. You know this morning I I got you know I was supposed to get up at seven thirty and I got up and then I start fooling around and then I

INFORMAL

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239

wiyksn?gowaw?anpl£y. yarlakiy. yuwg£ta?iyt. wElartiy£arzriylnaysbiyk3jiyl£tsas ?am Jiyg£t Jiygow wiyhaevlayk?e yuwnow6akr£ygz3n?am g£ytw£ybulvard. y£ hiyr. dawnhiyr. w£l?am wiyhaevsamp?mlayk&iy?af ?am wiyowniyhaevsandEyskuwabawt tuw?am h a w s a z a w f y a r nathawzazba? bigazhawzaz. aygadagudwan. aen?am sowJiy3wiyzg£s?£vriy6iq&£r jiygEskukiyz ?aen yasiywiyhaev&isriylstuwpadsabstistuwt iznEymizmistarlandin. mistarlandin. yuw/udkolimmisterpaeris. yuwJudkolimmisterlandinbriJizfoliQdawn. ?aend aendsowiy£uwzgamsow wan wand£yhiy£uwdit ?aen?am hiyspidit?am ?anftafby. Psndsow&isgarlstEpssnit. ?£ndsow/iykaen?g£tap. aendsow harnEymizvikiy &egirlhuwst£ptanit. Jiywad. now nat&aevikiy. aen&£n sow/iyweztrayiQtafulit ?aendsowJiykun?. sow? Jiy?am traydan&EnJiyfcldawnaen&cn. aendal&iycrpamptawt. he. d£njiyf£ldawn aennEnJiywasstakta&aftor. ?aen&£n ?am aytraydah£lpar ?8pbatjiykud8n?g£dap bakazmistarlandan spit&agamdawnsow?am mistarlandanhaedagowduw ?aw£y ?aend ?aen/iysdast£? aen f a y n a l i y s a m w a n g a d a r a p aendjiyaenhar aenitwazharb£st?am daymindrEs Pikastuwhandradalarzaenarma&arhx?. yarfulavit. yar/arfulav. brfynz. br£ynz. nEwwan. daymind. natdaymindbatffykdaymind. wEliPwudankastuwhandard. ftismorniq wElwEnaywEnta&adownatCap aywEntagEdedownet anayputsamkyuradon a m s a m kyuradbsndEydzmmay Pehaend aen6 EnayhaedpudadalarimayPa&arhaend. &Enay6at&a da?larwazin&isssn. aeni?w8z6ekyurepaend£ydriyliyin6ishaend. sowyuwpEydhim. sndaypEyim aenayGrow&abxndEydzon&ekawndar. aenCiysEz &iyzarbsnd£ydz. ow yuwmiynpriymowzdownats. y£a. yanow&ismorniqgay aygat yanow ayasepowstag£dapits£vin8erdiy naygadap nEnaystardfuwknarawn aenntn

240

THIRD GRADE

was supposed to be dressing then I start fooling around then its five after eight and Im supposed to leave at fifteen after and then I only have ten minutes so I start rushing and I finally get through. At um fifteen after. Made it though. Um well todays my moms birthday and it was last year on the twenty second and um forty year it was um forty forty one years too. It was forty years before.

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241

?ayesepowstebiyditsiq6Cnay starfuwliqerown &£nitsfayv«ftercyt enamsepowstoliyvet fiftiynaefteren&cnaownliycvtcnminissowaystart re/iqnayfaynliygiOruw. ae? ?em fiftiynaeftar. mcyditdow. ?em wEltedcyzmaymamzbsrOdcy Eni?wez laestyiyron&atweniysfkin ?aend ?em fardiyyiyr ?i?wez ?em fardiy fardiy wenyiyrztuw. zwezterdiyyiyrzbiyfor.

6.31 LETTER TRANSCRIPTION-FIFTH GRADE 6.02 PHONEMIC TRANSCRIPTION—FIFTH GRADE

244

FIFTH GRADE

Well um I have uh one sister. And um shes five and shes in high kindergarten. And my father has um a business called em and em pipe and supply and um hes just retired from the air force. Um no well on his um when he went to check on some pipe like when um they knocked down that smelter in Arizona copper smelter. Well we went uh he went down there to get some scrap metal um we went with him. Um we um passed um Jerome Arizona its a ghost town. And uh um we saw they um there are about um fifty families there. And um there used to be about one thousand five hundred. And um when we got to Sidona um they um um have fishing a lot of fishing and every Friday they have seven thousand fish that they dump in you know oak creek canyon and um so we were going to go Thursday but we stayed until Friday and um we tried to go fishing but we didnt find any fish and we were we asked them if theyd stop this some place I forgot what it was called and they said yes but I guess we got there too early and we couldnt wait so we had to go home. It was. Five days. Well I have a sister and shes eight and is going to go on nine shes in high third I think and my father is an attorney and that is why his newspaper his picture in the paper. Because he was a new one. A couple of years ago. And he has some criminal cases and everything we got to go to court and see him. Oh I got to go but we missed him there. We had breakfast there but we but we got into the courtroom too late. Oh we saw another case being tried though. No it was a divorce case. He did twice and we and we missed him again. Well I have an older brother thats going on thirteen and a younger brother that is seven and hell be eight. My big brothers in ae eight no bee eight and my fathers an insurance man. And we go camping about three times a year. Oh to lakes and the beach because we have a boat and so my dad likes to go away where theres water. Um hmm. I prefer swimming and water skiing. Uh um this um a couple of weeks you know um my friends Steven and Michael Baser theyre twins and they always go fishing once a week and theyre going to have a birthday April second and so were going um fishing on a half day boat. And last time we went fishing um um my mother me um the twins and their father went and Jack wouldnt touch a worm and neither would the twins and neither would I so my mother put them all on. And then when we went to clean the fish nobody knew how so she took a knife and she tried it and she got all the scales off. One popped in Michaels eye though. Um hmm. And then Michael tried and Michael went about two weeks ago caught and caught a perch his father did in the surf in the surf in the surf and um when he tried to clean it he was so afraid because when it was just having babies and he was cutting down the middle and then and so Steven tried to do it and then he took one look at something that came out

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245

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246

FIFTH GRADE

and yet their father was doing it. And then their father tried to and Michael she he was showing Michael how not to you know he might cut himself. So he starts doing this and he make and he cuts himself all the way around the thumb. Because here he was telling Michael to be so careful. One about four or five month ago my father he had never seen pee oh pee. And so we went into pee oh pee it was about an hour before it closed and so um he tried um to get these balls in the thing to win something for my sister. And then she tried it and the man moved a little closer for her and she got it in. And um we went on um this um ride. Its um the bubble. I dont know I dont know what it is it goes under water its like it is shaped like this and it goes underwater you go in and there are a bunch of fish and then when you come up and then you sort of go down again back in. I mean it feels like your stomach got taken away. Well the day before Christmas we went to Disneyland and we went to the hotel and then we went um under under the water in the big submarine and then you would see these mermaids going like that. And then you see this big octopus hes practically covers the whole submarine but we get away. And then then when we come to the surface we get off. Then we went on um the the Matterhorn I think its called and you go then you go through this water place under it right here its splashing on to you. You get all wet. A couple of Saturdays ago I went to Mount Baldy and they didnt tell us to bring a dollar for the ski lift that went three miles up hill. And so all the kids that didnt bring their dollar had to hike up hill. And I lost half my lunch going up. Because we kept slipping over rocks and it started to snow half way up and it was deep snow. It was horrible. About three miles up and you kept slipping on rocks. We got up there and had some tea and most of the kids went over and sat by the fire but my friend Judy and I went out and had snowball fights with the rest of the boys. Your feet were were so cold you know. It wasnt cold because you got plenty of exercise but going up that hill it killed me. A lot of kids one came up like this and a ski patrol man had to go down and get her and wrap her up in blankets and take her in by the fire. Another .girl came up with a frozen hand and another girl she started to faint or something she just about fainted and they had to go half way all the way down the hill they had gone half way up again and they said for anyone who has a fast pace to go on ahead theyll be right behind us and my friend and I we hike well all over the place on these railroad tracks and so we were used to it and we hiked ahead and they went all the way down the mountain again. And we kept hiking up and a cloud came in and you couldnt see three feet ahead of you. And we got up to the top and no one was there and they didnt come up for about a half hour. Uh huh. In fifteen minutes it was

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247

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248

FIFTH GRADE

a couple of feet deep. I I have uh I had a dog named Misty but it was so big we had to give it away. Urn it was half um half poodle and half something. This um woman I forgot her name took her exclusive poodle up to a ranch you know. And she must have met a dog and she had these you know and she got these dogs. And so my uncle um Joe he he knew her and uh he gave her seven puppies. Five puppies. And so um one my uncle Joe kept and one uncle Eddie took and um I forgot and one we gave to my grandmother and one to us and I forgot who the other one. Got the other one. But anyway the first day my grandfather brings it over we didnt know he had them in the pockets of his coat and when and then you know they were so cute and they were so small like a white snowball and you couldnt see their eyes it was just hanging over so then in three, months he was this big and seven months he was this big and pretty soon whenever I stood up and he you know hed like to play a lot and get exercise I couldnt keep a hold of him and my sister man hed jump up and be about that much taller than her and come down right on her head. And he was everytime he jumped up at me you know and try to get on top of me hed scratch me. When he was when he was so big he tore up the furniture. When we let him in the house I was laying on the couch you know and Terry was going outside and he got in the house and you could hear his feet I started to get up and he jumps on me. I couldnt get up. He weighed about sixty pounds. And then you couldnt see his eyes or anything. It was the biggest one of all. And my um grandfather when we took him over um they met you know. They um um Jock was the grandfathers um my grandfathers um dogs name. And so when we take him over instead of Jock you know they like to fight and play instead of Jock um uh fighting him with his pores paws Jock would take his foot and dig up dirt and throw it at him in the eye. Hed dig it. ltd go right in his face. Anr* then when you tried to stop them you know theyd both go on you. And um my grandfathers one man he had a a longer nose. Yeah I have a dog and when she was little she had to have take some kind of pills. I dont know what they were when she was a puppy some kind. My dad gave them to her. And one night he was trying to give it to her and he got it down there and she wouldnt swallow it and she coughed it up and she ran away and there was just a tiny little opening through my couch between the wall and she ran behind the couch and she wouldnt come out. And my dad had to move all the furniture out of the way and then he had to move the couch out of the way and get her. When I took uh Misty to um when we took Misty to get a shot to a the veterinary or whatever it is. He um was going up to get his shot and the doctor was over getting this thing and he jumped out of the other doctors hand and he ripped the doctors coat direct down the back and then sort of hung on and then he and then this other dog um who was who was about

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i?weze kepele fiyt diyp. ayayhaeve ayhaededag ncymdmistiy betetwessowbig wiyhaetegi vetewiy. um i?wez haef em haef pudel enhaefsemOm. ftisem waman ayfergoterncym tukereksklusevpuwdel ep tuweraenC ye now. aen Jiy mestemcte dog aen Jiyhaed&iyz yenow aen&tn Jiygat&iyzdogz. aensowmayeqkel em Jow hiy hiy nyuwher aende hiygcyver seven pepiyz. fayvpepiyz. aen sow em wen may eqkellowkcpt enwen eqkelcdiytuk aendem ayfergst huw aenwen wiygcyvtemaygraenme&er enwentees aenayfergot huw biye&erwen. gatftiye&erwen. betcniywcy fteferstdcy may graenfa&er bni)zi?owver wiydidannow hiyhaedem in&apakatsovizkowt aenwen aen&Enyenow ftcywersowkyuwt enfttywersowsmol laykewaytsnowbal aenyuwkudensiy&Cyrayz etwez Ies?haengiqowver sow&cnin OriymenOs hiywaz&isbig aenscvenmenOs hiywez&isbig enprtdiysuwn wcncveraystudep aenhiy yenow hiydlaykteplcyelat eng£?£kzersayz aykuden kiypehowldevim enmaysister maen hiydlempepen biyebawt&ae?me£t3ler baenerenkemdawn raydsnerhcd. aeniywez £vnytaymhiyjamptepae?miy yenow entraytegEtontapevmiy hiydskrae£rmy. wcnhiywez wcnhiywezsowbig hiytowrep&eferniCer. wcnwiy ledem inftehaws aywezlcyiq an&ekawCye now aentfriy wezgowiqawtsayd aeniygat in&ehaws aenyuwkudhiyrtuzfiyt aystar?eteg£tep aemyjempsonmiy. aykuden gctep. hiywcydebawtsikstiy pawndz. aen&cnyuwkudensiyhizayz ercniOig. etwez&ebigestwenovol. aendmay emgraendfa&er wcnwiytukemowverem &£ym£t yenow. &cy em em Jak wez&egraendfa6erz em may graenfa&erz emdagzncym. ensow wenwiytcykem owver instcdovjakyenow ftEylayk tefaytenplcy instcdovjak em eh faytinemwi&hizpowrzpoz Jakwudtcyk hizfut endigepdertenOrowetaetem indeay. hediget. itedgowraydinizfcys. aen&En wcnyedtray te stepem yenow ftCydbowO gowonye. aenemmay graenfa&erzwen maen hiyhaedeebqernowz. yea ayhaeve dog aen wcnjiywezlidel Jiyhaede tcyk semkaynde pilz. aydownnowwet ftcywer wenjiywezepepiy semkaynd. maydaed gcyvemtuwer. aenwennayt hiyweztrayn tegivettuwer aenhiy gatet dawn &Er enjiywuden swolowet aenjiykoftetep enjiyraenewcy aen ftcrwezjese tayniylidelowpeniq 6ruwmaykaw£ biytwiyn&ewol aen Jiyraenbiyhaynd&akawC en/iywuden kemawt aenmaydaed haetemuwv olftefernifier awtev&ewcy en&cnhiyhaete muwv 6ekaw£ awtev&ewcyengcter. wenaytuk eh mistiy tuwem wen wiy tuk mistiy tegctejat tuwe ftevcterenaeriy orwetcver i?iz. hiyemwez wezgowiqep tegctiz fat aen bedakter wezowver gctin&isOiq aen hiylempt awtev &iye&er dakterzhaend aeniyript ftedakterzkowt dercktdawn&ebaek aen&cn sarteheqon aen ftcnhiy aen&cn6ise6erdowg em huwwez huwwez

250

FIFTH GRADE

Mistys size started barking at him and then he was taken given a shot. And then here comes this little chihuahua and he was barking at Misty and going up right eye to eye and Mistys backing off. Yeah but they Misty was only a puppy because he was only seven months old six months old. And the chihuahua was probably about two. And um my sisters girlfriend she has a dog that was supposed to be all chihuahua but its a little bigger than a chihuahua about that big and so when we brought Misty over to see the dog she didnt she um her name was Peppy and she never saw anything like it you know couldnt see her eyes or anything and she started backing off. Well weve got four people in our family and the dog and my sisters sick right now. Shes got a um shes got a cold and she also has a um throat infection. My dogs a shaggy dog. Well I got three people in my family my mother my sister and I and my sister is not going to school today she has a cold and my mother shes assistant bookkeeper for this man named mister Lopez. And I have four people in my family. And my sister doesnt go to school yet because shes only four. And got two gold fish and um my dads a fire prevention engineer. Uh you plan check schools you know see if theyre safe. Well my dads a um a cee pee ae. Certified public accountant. That has um they have to be real good in arithmetic. Thats all I know. Um if I have any problems in arithmetic I can just go home and ask him. Well um I horseback ride um um um a lot. I mean in the vacations and everything. Well be moving to Encino this summer and we got a swimming pool and its three quarters of an acre and its big. Yeah its hot. I wish I did. Well I like my favorite sport is skin diving I like to do it during the summer. Well um Im going out with a friend big brother its a association for boys who dont have fathers and were going to go to Catalina Island skin dive around there and take pictures. No I usually went around here. Well you you have to breathe well its really scuba diving. Skin diving is just with a mask and the fins and this little thing that goes out of a mask and well in scuba diving you have to you can only breathe through your mouth. You have a lung that comes from the air tanks. You breeze you breathe in that. Well you can see good because you have the mask on. Plants and things if youre out far enough. No we just just do it for fun. Well I go to the beach most of the time. And um well my friend um my mother likes to go to the beach a lot so she take us takes us to the beach. And um play baseball and stuff like that. We live in an apartment so you cant do much. This summer the coach was trying to um teach me how to play baseball cause I like I like to play football. But um playing baseball I dont I dont know um I cant hit it very far yet but uh its coming. Yeah. Well um um I um like to swim. Um I like to play chase. Hes good.

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ebawtmistiyzsayz star?edbarkinaedem aen&enhiywez teykengivanejat. aen&en hiyrkemz 6is kdelfiiwawe aenhiywezbarkin x?mistiy aengowiqep raydaytaay aenmistiyzbaekinof. yea be&ey mistiywazownliyapapiy kazhiywez ownliysevenmenOsowld siksmsnOsowtd. aen&e Ciwawewezprababliy obaw?tuw. aendam may sistarzgerlfrcnd Jiyhaeze dag 8e? wezsapowzdtebiyolCiwawa bedetselidelbiger&ene iiwawa abaw?6aetbig aensow wtnwiybrot mistiy owvertasiy 6a dog Jiydiden Jiyam herntym wazpepey anJiynevarsaCniyOiqlayket yanow kudensiyharayzareniyOiq anjiystar?ed baekinof. w£l wiyfgotfowrpiypelinarfaemliy sen ftadog an maysistarzsik raydnaw. Jiyzgataam Jiyzgatekowld en/iyolsow haezam Orowtinfekfen. maydagza/aegiy dag. welaygotOriypiypelinmayfaemliy may me&er may sistaranay an maysistarz Jiyznatgowiqtesmisterkuwltadey Jiy hazakowld enmayme&er Jiyzasistant bukiyper far&ismanncymd lowpaez. anda ayhavfowrpiypelinmayfamky. and maysistardazentgowtuwskuwlyet biykozjiyzownliyfowr. and ga?tuwgowldfiJ aend am maydaedzefayrpriyvenjenenjiniyr. ah yuwplan£ekskuwlz yuwnow siyif&eyrseyf. wtl maydaedzeem esiypiycy. sartafaydpablikakawntant. &a?haezam bcyhaeftebiy riylgud inanOmatik. daezawlaynow. amifayhaevcniyproblamzinariOmatik aykanjas gowhown anaeskhim. welemay howrsbakrayd emamem slat, aymiynin&evekcy/en anevnyOiq. wiylbiymuwvmtuwensiynow&issemer anwiygataswimiq puwl ntsOriykwarterzoveneyker anitsbig. yea itshat. aywijaydtd. waw aylay? mayfeyvritspowrt izskindayvin aylayktaduwat duwriq&asamar. wew aym gowiqawt wiOafrend bigbra&ar itse asowsiyeyjan far bayzhuwdownthaevfa&arz anwiyrgsnegowtekaeteliynaayland skindayverawn&crentcykpiCerz. now ayyuwialiy wenarawnhiyr. wawya yuwhaeftebriyft wtl itsrtyliyskuwbadayvin. skindayvinizjast wiOemaesk an&afinz an&islidel Oiq&aet gowzawtovemaesk and wel inskuwbadayvin ya haevda yakenownliybny&Oruw yermawO. yuwhaevelaq &aetkemzfrem biyer taqks yuwbriyz yebriy&in&aet. wel yuwkansiygudbiykoz yuwhaev&amaeskan. plants enGiqz afyarawtfaranaf. now wiy Jast Jest duwitferfan. wel agowtuw6ebiy£ mowstov&etaym. an am wewmayfrend am mayme&arlaykstegowtuw6ebiy£alat sowjiyteyksas tuw&ebiy£. and em pleybeyzbol enstef layk&aet. wiylivanenapartment sowyuwkaentduwmeC. ftissemer 6akow£ weztrayiqteem tiyCmiy hawteplcybcyzbal keaylay aylayktapleyfutbol. bat am pleyinbeyzbol aydan aydownnow em ay kanthitat venyfaryet bate itskemiq. yea. wel emem ayam layktaswim. am ay laykteplcy&eys. hiyzgud.

252

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Hes really good. Hes funny because urn once we were in the middle of I think it was arithmetic or reading. And Mitchell Sperling said you sound like um what is it Jackie Gleason and he and mister and he stops in the middle of it and he talks about the show. And he says um the guy I like the best is crazy he walks in and goes hello Joe. And um he starts singing um and I like him because well hes kind of hard but hes funny and stuff. Hes hard but hes really funny and uh I like mister uh Anton. But he comes along and he hes when he comes through the door he stands real uh real real quiet its real funny. I I dont like old I dont like I didnt like any of our social teachers I mean I mean the um substitute teachers that much. I liked it better when mister Palbaum was here because theyre they dont know anything what were going to do or anything. When when we had our substitute I think it was Tues uh last Tuesday. And and we at five to ten we all made a big cough. Everybody passed around the room. The teacher didnt mind but then some of the guys you know they started to sneeze and yawn. We were going to whistle but um we decided that it wouldnt be such a hot idea. So everybodys was doing it and some of us Marvin I and I dont know some other guys they could whistle we were just sitting there you know we werent doing a thing because you know they were sniffing or they were coughing we did the cough and we did the sneeze but we didnt do the sniff. Everybody and everybody was saying five minutes left they were yelling it out and everything. And they were going four three two one and then they were counting down. And Peter he was he ran out of the room because he couldnt hold it any longer. He went out and sneezed. And he gets into a lot of trouble. And we might move um I dont know where but we might move in June after school lets out. Yeah thats when were going to move because mom doesnt want to pull us out of school. Yeah and um um I want to move down up to either in Malibu or some beachhome or something because I like the beach a lot. I like to live down by Malibu too. I sort of like to fish a little but I havent done very much. But were not going to move from here for a long time. Were always moving around we live at one place for a year and then move and we planned on living here about five or six years or something like that. Hes really the best teacher because hes hes hard and also hes he makes you understand. And like he explains things like no other teacher I know. Another teacher you know they walk in and they say um and theyll give

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hiyznyliygud. hiyzfemy biykoz wanswiywar in&emidelov ayOiqkatwaz eriOmstik orriydiQ. aenmitalsparliQsed yuwsawhdlaykem watizat Jaekiygliysan aeniy aenmister aeniystapsinftamidabvat aen hiy toksabawt&ajow. aenhiysez am &agayaylayk6ab£st izkreyzy aeniywoksanaengowz ewuwjow. aen am hiystartssiqiq am e n d aylaykim biykoz wdhizkaynahardbat hizfeniyanstaf. hiyz hardbat hiyzriyliyfaniy an ah ay laykmistareh aentan. bat hiy kamz aloqaenhiyhiyswCniykamzOriiw&ador hiystaendz nylahriylriylkwayEt itsriy?feniy. ay ay downlaykowld ay downlaykaydinetlayktniyeversowjeltiyierz aymiyn aymiyn &aam sabstityuwttiyCerz &aetma£. aylayktatbedar wanmistarpaelbam wazhiyr koz&cr fteydown nowcniyOiq wadwiyrgonaduw areniyOiq. wen wen wiyhaedarsabstituwt ayOiqkatwaz tuwsah laesttuwsdEy. aen aen wiy ah fayvtatcn wiyolmcydabigkof. Cvriybadiypaest arawn6aruwm. 6atiy£erdidenmaynd bat &£n bat&cnsamov ftagayz yanow ftcystartad tasmyz enyon. wiywargona wisal batam wiy diysaydad &a?it wudanbiysaCehataydiye. sowEvriybadiywazduwinit ansamaves marven ay anaydownnow sama&argayz ftEykudwisal wiywaijassitiq&Er yanow wiywcran duwigaOiq biykoz yanow fteywarsnifiq er ftcywarkafig wiydidftakaf aend wiydid ftasniyz batwiydidanduw&asnif. Evriybadiy aencvnybadiy wazsEyiq fayvminatslcft &EywaryElam?awt aenEvriyOii). aen&Eywargowiq fowr 8riy tuw wan aen&£n6Eywarkawntindawn. aen piytar hiywaz hiy raenawdav ftaruwm koziykudanhowldat Eniyloqar. hiywEn awtansniyzd. aen hiygetsintuwalada trabal. aen wiymaytmuwv am aydown nowwEr bat wiymayt muwvanjuwn aeftar skuwlletsawt. yea Aaetswanwiyrgsnamuwv kozmen dazanwanapulasawdav skuwl. yea aend amamay wanamuwvdawn aptuw ly&armaelabuw arsambiyfi howm arsamOiQ koz aylayk&ebiielad. aylayktalivdawnbay maelabuw tuw. aysortalayktafij alidal batayhaevantdan veriymai. batwiyr natgonemuwvfremhiyr faraloqtaym. wiyralwiz muwvanarawn wiylivatwan pleys farayiar aen&enmuwv aenwiyplaendon livinhiyr abaw? fayv ar siks yiarzar samOin layk &aet. hiyzriyliy&abtsttiyCar biykoz hiyz hiyz hard aen o I sow hiyz hiymeyksyaandarstaend. aenlayk hiyaksplcynz 8IQZ layknowa&artiyCar aynow. ene&ertiy£er yanow Aeywokin aen&eysey am aen

254

FIFTH GRADE

you all the they wont give you any facts they say you have to dig up all the stuff. But mister Palbaum you know he um if you ask a question like um is Cana is um lets say um oh British Columbia northeast and you know hed tell you and hed explain to you the directions and hed show you um what longitude and latitude lines itll be on and if you were wrong he you know would explain it up but if were right hed say very good tine um could you show me where um lets say Dawson is. Um what their longitude and latitude lines are. And hell just tell you what to do and and hed explain it to you but uh other teachers they just well not all of the other teachers but some teachers like if you said um is British Columbia northeast theyd say well what do you think. Theyd just go on to another person. But he just stops and explains it to you. Thats why I like him. He can be funny as well as be serious. Um today you know when I you know made the top groups he learns what class er bee with bee sixes. And um he says all right um and then he made a great big ex on my thing. A plus. And um if you know some teachers you know if theyre serious or serious and there are always serious and theyll never do anything to be you know funny or happy or something. And some teachers are always happy and theyre cracking jokes. You get kind of bored of it you know they go um some teachers are real serious you know they wont they wont even give out a smile. But he you know hes half smiles half frowns. Hes really happy. Oh uh one of the girls from room ten brought him a little baby bottle. He just had a baby. His wife just had a baby. He doesnt let you raise your hand. He makes you sit sit up if you know the answer. And if you raise your hand he says youre waving at me this morning. Denny half the time shes going like that. You know hed stop you know if you were sitting up real good real straight. Hed um you know hed call on you. But if you were you know waving at him hell go hello I see you now and other guys will wave at you. But the minute you wave at him hell just stand there and hell wave back at you or something. But hell never call on you. And in a way I dont like that because lets say somebody like um lets say theres this student like Randy. He sits up a lot you know straight but he isnt that smart. Oh that isnt nice Steven. Well he hes hes smart yeah hes smart but he wont give the answers. And he sits up a lot and he actually embarrasses you know because youd say um yes Randy and hed be sitting there you know and he wouldnt say anything. Hes looking up at him. Because this guys real tall. Uh every time Billy raises his hand hes going like this on his head. He goes like this when he gets the wrong answers.

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ftcylgivye olfte ftEywowngivya Eniyfaekts fttysty yuwhaftadigap ol&e staf. bemistarpaelban yenow hiy am if yeaeskaekwE/ien laykam izkaenaizl£?ss£y am ow britijkolembiya nowrOiyst aenyenow hiyd tElye aenhiydEksplEyntaya ftadarEk/anz a n d hiydjowya em wetbqityuwdenlaetetyuwdlaynz itelbiyon aendifyawerroq hiy yanow wudaksplEynetap batifwarrayt hiydsEy vEnygud fayn am kud yuw/owmiy wEr am lEtssEy dosaniz. em wet&Eyrbqityuwdenlaetityuwdlaynz ar. aenhiyljestulyawateduw aen aend hiyd EksplEynatayuw bataha&artiyCarz dcyjast wElnatobv&a e&ertiyCerz bet sam tiyCarz layktfyuwsEd amizbritiskolambiya nowrfhyst ftEydsEy wElwadayuwOiqk. 6Eyd Jestgow antuwana&arparsan. bat hiy Jaststaps eneksplEynzit tuwye. Aaets wayaylaykam. hiykenbiyfeniy ezwElazbigsiyriya. am tuwdEy yanow wanayyanowmEyd&atap gruwps hiylernswetklaes erbtywiObiysiksez. aenem hiysEz owrayt an &En htymEydegrEytbigEks en may 6iij. a plas. aenem ifyanowsemtiyfierz yenow if&Eyrsiyryes ersiyryas aen&Eraralwizsiyryas en 6EylnEverduwEniy6iQtebiy yanow faniyer haepiyer semOin. aen semtiyCarzer olweyz haepiy an&Eyrkraekiq Jowks. yuwg£?kayndabowrdovit yuwnow ftEygowam semtiyCerzernylsiyryes yanow &Eywownt AEywowntiyvengivawtasmayl. bethiy yenow hiyzhaefsmaylz haeffrawnz. hiyzriyliyhaepiy. oweh wanav&agarlzframruwmtEn brotamelidalb£ybtybadel. hiy JeshaedebEybiy. hizwayfjest haedebEybiy. hiy dezentlEtyuw rEyzyerhaend. hiymEyksyesitep aen ifye now&iyaensar. ifyuwrEyzyarhaendhiy s£z yarwEyviq ae?miy Aismarniq. demy haef&etaym Jiyzgowiqlayk&aet. yanow hiyd stapyanow ifyuwwarsitiqep riylgud nyl strEyt. hiydem yenow hiyd kabnyuw. betifyuwwar yanow wEyviqaetem hiylgow halow aysiyyanaw aendeber gayzwalwEyvaetyuw. bat baminetyuwwEyvaetem hiylJaststaend&Er aenhiyl wEyvbaekaetya arsampen. bethiylnfvarkobnyuw. aen inewEy aydownlaykbaet biykozlEtsEysembediy tayk em IstsEy&Erzbistuwden layk raendiy. hiysitsepelat yenowstrtyt bethiyizent&aetsmart. ow baetizent nays stiyven. we I hiyhiys hiyssmart yEahiyssmart bethiywongivbiyaenserz. aend hiysitsepelat aend hiyaek/eliy embEresez yenow biykaz yedsEy em yEsraendiy aen hiydbiysitiq b£r yenow aenhiywudensEy Eniydiq. hizlukinapaetam. koz ftisgayzriyl tol. eh EvnytaymbiliyrEyzashizhaenhizgowin layk bis an hiz h£d. hiy gowzlaykbis wEnhiygEts&aroqaenserz.

256

FIFTH GRADE

He goes like this he says now thats a good question. Um. Oh hed say um Billy how much is twenty six times forty eight. And hed sit there you know finally he says thats a good question. You know hes sitting here and then hes going like this and hes writing it down on his paper. And he says mister Palbaum you know he snaps off the answer. He says oh yeah. Well what was it. What was the thing. Youre supposed to pick these three basic things and you have to and you have to pick out. No the basic shapes. Theres a square circle triangle and rectangle. Well we have I have a brother and a sister. And my little brother is my brother is younger than I am. Sos my sister. And we do a lot of sailing and swimming things like that. Well we have two oh two small boats. We might get a bigger one. And Sunday we went sailing. We went Saturday too. And we have a seventeen foot sailboat and eight foot sailboat. And Ive got a brother I mean not a brother I mean a sister. But anyway um I uh I started wearing glasses when I was in the first grade. And uh and in the bee fifth I started wearing contact lenses. And uh and I and I like the old wooden boats like um the Victory um and the um Old Iron Sides and things like that. Thats about all. Well Ive got a little brother and a big sister thats married. And my mother she used to teach ballet and Ive taken up ballet. So I take ballet and plan to have that my career. Did you know that I play the clarinet and piano. I knew you played the clarinet. Well the the piano about three years and the clarinet about three months. Im taking the piano about four years and ballet about two and a half. I got blisters on my feet. And Billy stepped on them today. He stepped on my toes today. But she is but she isnt so light. My family likes sports a lot. My dad likes to drive. I have a surfboard. Well I do. But Steven doesnt have a surfboard. And I go swimming down the street. Our friends have a swimming pool about every day during the summer. Jay. You saying that you go swimming down the street. I could make a pun on that. My friends swimming pool. You ever try poolswimming on some concrete. I used to have my own room before my little brother moved in and then were getting my room refurnished and weve got bunk beds and a tee vee in our room. We dont have a television.

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hiygowz layk&ishiysEz n a w &aetsagudkwEj£an. am. ow hiydsEy am biliy hawmadiz twcntysiks taymz fowrtiycyt. xndiydsitftEr y a n o w fayneliy hiy s£yz ftaetsagud kwCJCan. yanow hiysitiqhiyr aen&tnhiyzgowiQlayk&is anhiyzraytinat dawnon hiz pEypar. xnhiysEz m i s t a r p s l b a m yanowhiysnaeps af&iyaensar. hiy stz ow y£a. w£w watwazat. watwaz&aOiq. yar sapowzd ta pik &iyz 8riybEysik8iqz anyahaevta x n yahaevtapikawt. now&abeysik Jeyps. fterzaskwcr sarkal trayEqgal x n rxktEqgal. wEawwiyaev ayaevabra&aranasisdar. aenmay lalbra&ar iz may bra&arazayaqgardannayyaem. sowzmasisdar. x n d wiy duwwaladavsEyliqxn swimii) qzlayk&aet. wCa wiyhaev tuwow tuwsmolbowts. wamaytgcdabigarwan. s n sendtywiywinstyliQ. wawansaedardcytuw. x n wiyaevasEvantiynfutsEylbowtan cytfutscylbowt. xnayvgadebra&ar aymiynnadabra&ar aymiynasistar. b e d t n i y w t y am aya ay startidwcringlaesazwenaywaz innafarsgrEyd. aend ?a aend inna biy fifOaystartEdwEriQkontaeklEnzaz. haene x n a y xnaylayk&iy?owldwudanbowtslayk am&avikdariy am xn&aamowldayransaydzan Siqzlayk&aet. ftaetsebawdol. w£I ayvgada lidalbradar s n n a b i g s i s d a r t s m x r i y d . x n mayme&erfiy yuwstetiyCbxlEyennayv tEykenapbxlEy. sowaytiykbxlEy anplxntahaev&x?maykariyr. didyuwnow&adayplEy&8klxranE?npiyxnow. aynuwyuplEyd&aklxnnEt. wEl&a 6 a p i y x n o w b a w t Briyyiyrz an daklxrinct bawt Griymants. amtEykannapiyxnowabawtforyiyrz an bxlEyabaw? t u w w a n a h x f . aygatblistarzomayfiy?. anbiliyst£ptonemtid£y. hiystfptomaytowztidiy. bat/iyiz batfiyiznsowayt. mayfxmliylayks sportsalat. maydaedlaykssedrayv ayevasarfbord. wElayduw. ba?stiyvendazennaeveserfbord. xnnaygowswimiqdawnnastriy. arfrEnzhaevaswimiqpuwabaw? EvriydEyduriq&asamar. jEy. yuwsEn&eCuwgowswimiqdawn&estriyt. aykedmtykepanonnaet. mayfrEnswimiQpuwI. yeEvertray puwIswimiQonsemkankriyt. ayyuwstahaevmayownruwm biyformaylidalbra&armuwvdin andEnwirgEdiy? mayruwmriyfarniJdenwiyvga?beqbEdzzinattyviyinarrum. wiydown?hxvat£lavi2an.

258

FIFTH GRADE

Then our den we had my dad made shelves. He cut down the steel and everything for it. Then my dad a couple of months ago he got a new um tape recorder real big one. And then he got a new hi fi set. You know stereo and record player and tuner and everything like that. Not too long ago our living room was redone. Gee youve have about everything redone. Yeah just about. You got anything to say. My dad belongs to a yacht club. My moms an associate member. And Ive been to one of the meetings. Oh they discuss things and they give uh trophies to the soggiest person you know. Some people fall off the docks at some of the races and everything. Then sometimes they have raffles. And they have cookies and milk and coffee. My dads won a couple of trophies. My father plays tennis. I sort of play sometimes. I won Campfire honors playing tennis. I have a tennis racquet and I play a little tennis. And I play baseball and football. I have a football uniform. And I have a baseball uniform. Davy Coleman plays football. Yeah I know that. I broke my wrist once. Playing with playing around with this teenager. I once burned my wrist. Getting into some hot water. Also it sprained my ankle. Well just about everybody in our family rides bicycles. I have a racer. My mom has one. My little sister has a twenty inch bike. My brother has a tricycle a scooter and a wagon. And my dad rides my bike. My father rides his bike to work. We have two new cars. Ones a convertible and one has a sunroof. I dont like school. Same with me. Welcome to the club. Its a hassle. Yeah work work work recess work work work recess work work work another recess work work work time to get out. What are your favorite subjects. Lunch recess and getting out. I like spelling. I dont like arithmetic ooh. I like um spelling arithmetic reading and etcetera etcetera etcetera. I like when they play the record in the morning when the flag goes up. Somebody bumps into the record player. Oh I like chorus. And you miss social study. Except one thing about chorus when they have it two to three everybody else gets to run track and everything and they dont do any work. Yeah we ntiss physical education. Yeah they dont do any work.

INFORMAL

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259

&EnardEnwiyhaed maydaed mEyd/Elvz. hiykadawnnastiylnEvriyOir) font, dcmmaydaed akaplamantsagowiygada nuw ?am ttypriykordar riylbigwan. an&anniygadanuwhayfaysEt. yenowsUriyowen rEkardplEyyer aen tuwnar EvriyOiqlayg&aet. na?tuwbr)egowar liviQrumwaznydan. Jiyyavhaevanaw?£vriyeir)riyd9n. y£h Jistbawt. yuwgadcniyOiqdascy. maydaedbiybQztuwayaPklab. maymamzanasow/iaPmcmbar. nayvbintawana&amiydiqz. ow&EydiskasOiqzan&Eygiva trowfiyz ta&a sagiyaspErsyanow. samptypalfolof&adaks atsama&a r£ysazann£vriy6ir). AEnsantaymzzEyhaevraefalz. ?aen ACyaev kukiyz ammilk ankofiy. maydaeds wanakepalevtrowftyz. mayfa&erplcystcnis. aysordaplEysamtaymz. ayankaempfayar?anarz plfyiQtEnis ayavatEnisraekat annayplEyalidaltEms. naypl£yb£ysbolenfu?bol. ayaeva fu?bolyuwnafor. aennayhaev b£ysbolyuwnaform. dEyviy ko wm an plEyzf utbol. yfaynowdae?. aybrowkmayristwans. pl£yirjwi& plEyiQarawnwiOistiynEyJar. aywantsbarnmayrist. gEdiqintasam ha?wadar. alsow?atspr£ymmayaeqkal. w£l IistabawdEvriybadiyinarfaemliyraydzbaysikalz. ayhaeva rcysar. maymomhaezwan. maylidalsistarhaezatwEniyinC bayk. maybra&araezatraysikal askuwdaranawaegan. aen maydaedraydzmaybayk. mayfa&ar ray?zizbayktawark. wtyaev tuwnuwkarz. wanzakanvardabal anwanhaezasanruwf. aydownlaykskuwl. sEymwa&miy. walkamtuwdaklab. tsahaesal. yea warkwarkwark riysEs warkwarkwark riysEs warkwarkwark naftarriysEs warkwarkwark taymdagcdawt. wedeyurfEyvara?sabjEks. lanCriysEsen gEdiqawt. alaykspEliq. ayown?laykari8matik uah. aylaykam spEliq qanOmatik nydiQ anaetsEdaratsEdaratsEdara. aylaykwEnnEyplEy&arEkardinnamorniQwEnnaflaegowzap. sambadiybampsinta&arEkardplEyar. olaykoras. aenyamissowjalstudiy. sEp wan0iqabaw?k3ris wEnnEyhaeva? tuwda&riy Evnyb8diy£lsgE?stuwrantraekanEvriy6iq an&£ydown?duww£ruywerk. yE wiymisfizikalEjakEyJan. y£? 5£ydown?duw£niywark.

260

FIFTH GRADE

Yeah because theres not enough people in the class. I guess. Our house is four years old. We moved in during the summer. The other school we went I went to was twice as big as this had forty two rooms and had twice as big playground you didnt and you werent assigned to any area you could just go around anyplace. And there was no big yard no little yard. Uh I think 111 stay here. And in the first grade I was able to go all the way out you know to the far end of the playground. You like that school better. Or this school. I dont know. I left in the second grade and I dont really know. And we used to live a couple of blocks from the airport. Every time they had an air show my dad used to bring me there. Where they had missiles on display and everything. What airport. Clover Field. Father works there. Does. Well well my parents and I and my sister went up to Yellowstone National Park saw the geysers. This this summer pop will be working in uh Arizona I think it is up um on the Greatest Story Ever Told. Are you going to go up to Arizona with him. Hell already be up there. Well we went to Yosemite National Park during the summer. We drove up there and we stayed there about a week. And um when we went down to the valley you know you know the floor we were up higher than the valley where its much nicer. Then when we went down to the valley we we didnt even need a tent or anything. But up but up higher it was about freezing. Its cold. And then my dad claims he saw a bear one night. Digging into the trash can. Tina said they went up to Sequoia and she saw a bear every night and they were digging in the trash can. We went up to Sequoia about we got back the day before school started in September. Well um you know that movie the Greatest Story Ever Told I might get to work in it this summer. Well um you for the extras you get paid ten dollars a day. Do you know what aitch two oh two minus oh is. Like if you know what twenty two minus two is youll know what this is. Twenty two minus two is twenty. Well yeah okay. But um what is aitch two oh two minus oh. Its aitch two oh water. Thats the only thing I can think of. Well um Mariner two reached Venus December fourteenth. Well you try and think of something else. Nancy how about telling us about girl scouts. Go on go on I was listening to Richard.

INFORMAL

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261

yEabakazzfrsnaPanafpiypalnaklaes. ayges. arhaw? sizforyiyrzowld. wiymuwvdinduriQ&asamar. &iy?ebarskuwlwa?wEn? aywEntuwwaztwaysazbigazzis haedfordiytuwrumz aenhaedtwaysazbigplEygrawnd yadiPnt aenyewernesaynte?£niyyEriye yakaJusgowarawndEniyplEys. ?n&£rwaznowbigyar?nowlidalyard. aayOtQkalstcyhtyr. aennina farsgrcydaywazPeybaldagowol&awcyPaw? yanowta&a farcnda&aplcygrawnd. yelay?6e?skuwlb£der. ar&isskuwl. aydown?now. ayl£fdinas£kangr£ydnaydown?nyliynow. aenwiyyuwstuw livakapalablaksfram&iyEyrpart. £vriytaym&£yhxdan?EyrJowmaydsdyuwst8briqmiy&Er. wE&EyhaedrrusalzandisplEyannEvriyOii}. wadEyrpart. klowvarfiyld. fa&arwarksEr. daz?. WE I WE I maypaerantsanayammaysistar wEnaptayElestownsJanalpark so&agayzerz. bis bissamarpapalbiywarkiq in ?a aerazownaayOiqktdis Pap ?am on&egrEytstDriyEvertoweld. ayuwganagowaptaPaerizownawiOam. hiyblrEdiybiyyapbEr. wawiywEntayowsEmadiynae/analparkduriQ&asamar. wiydrowvap&Eraen wiystEyd&Erabawdawiyk. aendam wawiwEn? dawntabavxliyyanow yuwnowbafbr wiwaraphayarbannavaeliywar Pits meCnaysar. bEnwawiy wEndawnta&a vsliywiy wiydinniyvanmydatEnt orEniyOiq. badapba? Paphayar Piwezebawtfnyzig. skowld. aen&£nmaydaedklEymziysaab£rwannayt. digiqintabatrae/kxn. tiyna sabEywEnapta sakwayya an/iysa bEr EvriynayPannEywardigiQ inetraejkaen. wiywEnaptasakayya baw? wiga?baek6ad£ybiyforskuwlstardadons£pt£mber. wElam yuwnow baePmuwviy bagrEytastariyEvartold aymayPgEtawarkinit&issamar. wEl ?am yu far biyyEkstrazyagE? pEy?tihdalarzad£y. dyuwnowwat ?Ey£tuw?ow tuwmaynas ?owiz. laykifyuwnowwaPtwEniytuwmaynastuwiz yalnowwa?dbisiz. twEniytuwmaynas tuwiz twEniy. w£lya?owk£y. bs??em wa?n?iz?£y6tuw?owtuwmaynas?ow. itstyCtuwwow woder. ftaes&aownliyeiqaykanOtqkav. w£l?am maeranartuw riyitviynasdasEmbarfortiyne. walyuwtrayaneiqkasamOiqEls. naensiyhawabaw?t£liqasabawtgarlskawts. gowon gowon aywazlisannariCard.

262

FIFTH GRADE

Oh I made the glider yesterday. Its tail heavy. Got to adjust it somehow or another. And now and urn the and the tape and its wings the the stuff Ive got over it is torn three times. And I dont know what Im going to do. You see you see the my main problem is whenever the the thing I cant adjust the elevators on the tail. Ive even got those to so that you see if only there was a way to make them work as its flying but cant. Do any of you play any instruments. Why Im going to I my sisters giving me accordian lessons and if I like it my mothers going to buy me an accordian. You see my sister already has one but moms going to buy me a littler one so that I can play on it. You know Bobby Corcoran he plays the accordian. We had a cub scout uh thing put on a show. Last year when I was still in the cub scouts I couldnt when I joined Hebrew but um. I quit girl scouts when I joined Hebrew. Um at west ell ae. I was at Temple Isaiah and then west ell ae. How about talking about something besides science. Well my bird is very cute. Huh he he him him he bites you all the time. And well my mother my mother feels like killing him because he eats the plants. We have no uh pets we had three dogs um because our friends went on a trip. And if we took good care of them wed get to keep one. It was the most the mischief mischievous one. So we took good care and we got to um keep him but then we had to sell him when we got the baby. We had some goldfishes but they died. We have no pets now. Oh Ive got three goldfish. I have two guppies. I had a plant I have a plant so um with my friends syringe Id I I made this stuff with my chemistry set and mixed it all together then I heated it then I then I injected it into the plant the plant didnt last three days. I just wanted to see what would happen. An atom do you know what an atom is made up of. Oh recently just in the last few years they found this something smaller than than electrons. Um pro something or sub protons I think they call them. You must have a whole library of science books do you. No. I go down the public library. Well about once every two weeks. Do you um do you always get books out on science. Well when we have to make a book report I get that besides them. Science is your favorite subject isnt it. Has been since I was five. What was before that. Playing toys. Naw. I was trying to learn how to spell. Did that succeed. Uh huh. But uh of course not like today. I could spell a few words. Well

INFORMAL

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263

ow waymEy?&aglaydaryEstard£y. tstcylhcviy. gaduwa]asdi?samhawarna&ar. aennown aen am be aennatay?aennitswiqz 6a ftastafayvgadowvarttastornOnytaymz. aen aydanowwadaymganaduw. yesi? yasiy&a maym£ynprablam?iz wEnEv ba fteOiQaykaennaJasfte ?Elav£yderz onftatcyl. ayviyvan gat&owzta sow&a? yaOiyPiffownliy awazawEydamEyk&amwark aeziPsflayiqba? kaent. duwEniyavyuwplEyEniyinstramants. wayamguda?ay mesisterzgiviQmiy?9kDrdiyenl£sanz aend ifaylaykit maymadarzganbaymiyanakordiyen. esiy masisdarsrEdiyhaezwan baPmomzgebaymiyelielarwan sowftaykanplEyonat. yuwnowbabiykorkern hiypltyzftiyakordiyan. wiyaedakabskawd a 8iq padonajow. laesdyiyr hwEnaywaztilinakabskaw?s ayka?anw£nay]oyndhiybruwba? am. aykwitgarlskawtshwEnayJayndhiybruw. am ae?wEst£lEy. ayw8za?t£mpalayz£ye8n6£nw£st£l£y. hawbaw?t3kiqbaw?sam0iqbasaydsayins. w£l maybardizvEriykyuwt. ha hiy hiyhim himhiybaytsyuwolataym. aewa?mayma6ar maymadarfiylzlaykiliQim biykazziy?iyts6aplaents. wiyhaevnow ?ap£ts wiyhaedOriydogz am biykaz?arfr£nzw£non ?atrip. aen ?ifwiytukgudk£yravam wiydgttakiypwan. iPwazdamows AamisCaf nrusCafaswan. sow?wiydatukgudk£yranwiygata am kiypam be?&£nwiyhaetas£lamw£nwiyga?6eb£ybiy. wiyaedsamgowlfijaz ba?&£ydayd. wiyaevnowpEtsnaw. owwayvga?9riygowldfiJ. ayhaevtuwgapiyz. ayhaedaplaent ayavaplaentsow am wi&mayfrEnsarinjayt ay aymfydbistafwimaykEmastriysEPmiksdidoldagadar dEnnayhiydidit ftanay ftEnayanjEkdidinta&aplaent ftaplaendidanlaesOriydEyz. aylaswanidasiywaPwadhaepan. aenaedam dayuwnowwa?anaedammizm£ydapav. ow riysanky Jasdinnalaesfyuwyiyrz ftEyfawnnisamOiQsmalar&an 6aen ?iyl£ktronz. amprowsamOiq ar sab prowtanzaOiQ&akolam. yuwmashaevahowllaybEriyavsayansbuk duwyuw. now. aygowdawnnapabliklaybariy. w£l abaw?wans£vriytuwwiyks. duwyuw am duwyuw3wiyzg£?buksawd3nsayans. WE I wEnwiyaeftamEykabukriyport ayg£?6ae?biysaydzam. sayansizyafEyvartsabJikt izanit. haezbinsinsaywazfayv. wa?wazbiyfordae?. pltyiQtoyz. no. aywaztrayintalarnhawdaspel. diftae?saksiyd. aham. badaakors na?layktad£y. aykadspElafyuwwardz.

264

FIFTH GRADE

lets see. Antidisestablishmentarianism. Ay en tee eye dee eye ess ee ess tee ay bee ell eye ess aitch em ee en tee tee ay ar eye ay en eye ess em. Do you know what that means. Its a doctrine pertaining to the Church of England. My my father told me what it meant. Starts with an em. What do you have something to do every day of the week. Well my weeks kind of foouh full. Every well usually Im working on some formula for the chemistry set. Oh my I have a telescope my mother she gets frightened to look at the moon. Shes sees the craters. And I was going to save up for a more expensive one but oh I was in a car accident recently. In fact Thursday thats why I wasnt in Hebrew. Yeah second one in five months. First one I got a hundred and fifty dollars insurance. Well why dont you talk then. Well I have quite a full week. Um Monday Wednesday Thursday I go to Hebrew school. On Friday um every other Friday I have a music lesson and everyday Ive got to practice violin and piano. Well Im not that busy any more. Go ahead Richard. Youre always talking so go ahead again. Now this is interesting. Lets see. Now dont start saying anything. I just I just finished my bonnet yesterday in um school. Did you finish your rifle. Were trying to make you not talk for awhile. I think so. Then how can you make me a you. I dont see how that can be done. I am not. Youve been reading books lately Richard. I dont know. He hes just making up things. I get confused which is which. Im lucky. I dont have any today. Do you have it Monday Wednesday Thursday. I have to go to the doctor today go to him from the accident. I he gave me some pills to take. I dont even take them. That youre supposed to um get better that way. Oh and all I have is a whiplash. Supposed to ease the pain and I dont have any right now. Well uh we stopped for some kids crossing on a crosswalk so a guy was speeding and feels like your heads snapping off. This is the second one in five months. The last time the guy hit us and then we went into a fire hydrant. Oh that reminds me. I have something to tell now. Um a few years ago on our street we live on Military and on Richland and Military on the corner theres a theres a hydrant. So there was a drunk man a few years ago it was right after my party. I was my father was helping me find room to put my toys. My new toys. So he he goes up on the curve and he knocks into the water hydrant and it starts pouring out. So everyone um all around our neighborhood comes up to see it and my father uh my father went out too. And there were I think it was fifteen police cars and three fire trucks.

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wElEtsiy. sntaydisastxbliJmantEriyanizm. EyEntiyyaydiyyayE? £s iy£stiy£ybiy£llay£s£yt£m?iy£ntiy tiy£yaray£y£nay£S£m. dyenowwe?6ae?miynz. sedaktranpartEyniq teftaCaCeviijIend. may mayfadertowmiywedi?m£nt. star?swi9en£m. wa? dyuwaev semOiotaduwEvriydEyaftawiyk. w£l maywiykskayndafuwa ful. cvri weyuwieliyamwerkinonsam formyelafe&akEmistriysEt. owmay ayavatElaskowp mayma&ar /iyg£?sfray?n taluka?&emuwn. JsiyzakrEydarz. na PaywazganesEyvepfara marikspEnsivwanba? owmPaywazinakaraeksadanPriysenPliy. mfaekderzdEy Aaetshwayazanninhiybruw. y£ sckantwaninfayvmants. farswanagodahendredenfiftiydalerzin/urans. w£l waydowntyuwtak&En. w£l Payhaev kwayde fulwiyk. em mendEywEnzdEyOerzdEyaygowdahiybruwskuwI. anfraydEy am EvriyefterfraydEyayaevemyuwziklEsen annEvriydEyavgotapraektisvaylinnpiyaenow. WE I aymnaP&aePbiziyEnimar. gowehEdriJard. yarowiyztokiq sowgowahEdagEn. naw &isiz?intar£stiq. ?£tsiy. nawdown?starts£yii]£ruy6iQ. ayjis ayjes firuJtmaybanaPyastidEy in?em skuwwel. didyuwfinijyarayfal. wirtraynem£ykyuwna?tDkferawayl. aGiqksow. &£nhawkanyum£ykmiyeyuw. aydown?siyaw&ae?kmbiydan. ayyaemnat. yuwvbinriydiQbukslEy?liyri£erd. aydanow. hiy hiyzJesmEykiQepfliQZ. ayg£?kunfyuwzdwi£iz wii. aymlakiy. aydow?hxv£niytad£y. dyuwhaev8?manzdEywEnzdEy0arzd£y. ayaeftagowda&adaktartadEy gowdamfamniyaeksadfn?. a ?iyg£ymiysampilzzat£yk. aydownniyventEykem. &ae? yarspowsa? am gE?b£dar&«?w£y. owen olayaevizewiplaej. powsta?iyzzap£yn aennaydow?haev£niyray?naw. w£l PawiystapfarsamkidzkrosinonekroswoksowagaywaspiydiQen fiylzlaykyerhEdsnaepiQof. &izizes£ken?werunfayvmans. elaestaym ftagay hi?as annEnwiywEnnintuwafayerhaydrant. ow&ae?riymaynzmiy. ayhaevsamOiqtatElnaw. am afyuwyiyrzagowonarstriy? wiylivanmilitEriy aenonriSlendemiluriy annakarnar&Erza ftErzahydren. sow ftErwazadrenkmsnefyuwyiyrzagow i?wazraydaeftarmaypardiy. aywes mayfa&erwazhElpiqmiyfaynd ruwmtaputmaytoyz. maynuwtoyz. sow hiy hiygowzeponekerv aenhiy naksinte&ewaterhaydrennaenniPstartsporiqawt. sowEvriywan am olrawndarnEyberhud kamzeptasiyit aemmayfa&ar a mayfa&arw£naw?tuw. aeP&awar ayOiqkiPwazfiftiynpaliyskarz aenOriyfayartraks.

266

FIFTH GRADE

And um it took until about ten oclock to stop it because it was it was really running. Well Mariner two showed that the Venuses surface temperature was eight hundred degrees has a cloud layer forty starting forty five miles above the planets surface and there is on the surface and in a certain spot on the clouds probably a surface feature causing it theres a twenty degree drop in temperature. The clouds are about thirty degree below zero. Except for that. Do you know what the planets really are. Well no one knows their origin or anything but theyre all of them theyre mineral well just what is the earth. No thats not exactly what I mean. Well what do you mean. 11 dont know how to explain it better. So. Drop the subject. Oh yeah you know the principle the atomic bomb is. Um well its done theres several ways an atomic bomb is made. One when two you see theres a small amount of uranium in one part of the bomb yu two thirty five or plutonium otherwise and theres a larger one there and when they want the bomb they send a ray to go off they send a radio signal to it and they close and thats called a critical mass and then it just starts. Otherwise in a small amount you can shoot a neutron into it and that will start it or well yeah. A cyclotron is a device for shooting electrons well neutrons now because they used to be electrons but now we found that neutrons since theyre neutral um will not be repelled our um attracted by the atomic particles. And the sub I mean the subatomic particles. Do you have do you have any other favorite subject besides science. I like I like uh English. I like to write mystery stories. Ive written uh mystery stories and poems. I wrote a twelve page mystery story and it took me a half a year because I made a little outline and then I wrote a little. And I kept stopping and going. Why dont you write a book. There was a twelve year old girl took her two years she wrote a book and she died the day after it was done. She had tuberculosis or something. And they knew about it and she didnt it seem and it said in the paper that it seemed like she was hurrying to finish the book because she knew she was going to die. Well I sort of like spelling. That used to be mine. That used to be mine but I like English you know a little better. Because we have our background from our mother. Um shes a playreader. She does um Broadway plays that have about fifteen characters or so. She does it all by herself. She writes her own scripts too. Yeah um uh recently um my um um a friend of mine you know Mitchell Sperling. Yeah I thought so. He wants to make he told me he wants to make a glider that will carry a man. He wont be able to do it. He wants to make everything.

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267

x n am i?tukantilabaw?tmekla? tastapat bikazi?waz i?wazriliyraniQ. wEl m»ranartuwJowd&8t&aviynasazsarfestEmpaCaraz£ythandradagriyz xzaklawdlEyarfardiy? stardiqfardiyfayvmaylzabavdaplxnatssarfas aen ftarzasannasarfasxnd inasarPnspatannaklawdz prabkyasarfasfiyCakoziQi? &azatwEniydagriydrapintEmpa£ar. &aklawdzarabaw?9ardiydagriyz balowzirow s£pfar 6ae?. dayuwnowwa?6aplxnatsriyliyyar. w£l nowwannowzzErorJinarEniOiQbaP&Er oavam Aarminar wEjawadiz&iyyarO. now &x?snadigzxkliywadaymiyn. w£wadayamiyn. ay aydanowhawdagspl£ynitb£dar. sow. drapdasabjik. owy£ yanowSaprinsabal&iyatamikbarruz. am w£l ?itsdanaris s£vralw£yzanatamikbamizm£yd. wan w£n tuw asiy6Erzasmolamawntavyur£yniyumin wanpardadabam yuwtuwdartiyfayv arplowtowniyam adarwayzan6£rzalarj£rwan6£r?an wann£ywan?6abam&£ys£nnar£y? tagowwaf&EysEndarEydiyowsignaltuwat ann£yklowzannae?skoldakritakalmaes ann£ni?Jastarts. a&arwayzzinasmolamawn? yakanjyuwtanuwtron intuwit naedalstardi? or w£ly£a. asayklatran izadiyvays for JuwdiQalEktranz wElnuwtranznawbakaz 6£yyuwstabiyal£ktranzba?nawwiyfawn6a?nuwtranz sinsErnuwtral em wilnaPbiyriypEldaram trxktadbay ftiyatamikpartakalz. aen&asab ?aymiynnasabatamikpartakalz. dyuwxv dyaevEniya&arfEyvri sabjikbasaydsayans. aylayk aylayk ?a ?iqIiJ. aylayktarayts mistriystoriyz. ayvri?n amistriystoriyzaenpowamz. ayrowda tw£lvp£yJmistariystoriy xniPtukrruyahxfayiyr kazaym£ydalidalaw?layn annEnayrowdalidal. anaykEpstapiQangowiQ. waydownCaraydabuk. ftawazatwElvyiyrowldgarl tukartuwyiyrz Jirowdabuk s n JidaydftadEyysftariPwazdan. JiyhxPtabarkyalowsissarsamOiQ. s n &Eynuwabawdi?an/iydidan i?siym xnditsEdannapEypar&aPsiymdlayk JiywazhariQdafiniJabuk bikazjiynuwjiywazganaday. wElaysordalaykspEliq. ftsPyuwstabiymayn. ftstyuwstabiymaynbat PaylaykiQgliJ yanowalitalbEdar. biykazwiyhxvarbskgrawnframarma&ar. am JiyzaplEyrtydar. Jiydaz am bradwEyplEyz ftahsvbawPfiftiynksraktarzarsow. Jiydazi? u? bayharsElf. J lyraytsarownskripstu w. y£a?am a riysan?liyam may ?am ?am afrEndamayn yuwnow miCalsparliq. y£ay6o?tsow. hiywantsamEyk hiytowlmiyhiywantsamEykaglaydar&aPwilkEriyamxn. hiywown?biy£ybaldaduwat. hiywanstam£yk£vriy0iQ.

268

FIFTH GRADE

First of all his design will never work. The wings werent curved. It was a well he had a biplane. And he had so many wires and strings going across it most of them without any purpose that it would there would be less drag if he just put a sheet of metal in front of it. And then he had no no lets see no aileron. How big was how big about was it. Hed want he had a wing span of nine feet. Uh first of all where would he keep it. Second of all that thing he designed wouldnt fly. Oh he did make though with Ricky Rodriquez and Norman a kite about its six feet high and three f~ I mean five four or five feet wide I dont know exactly. And they flew it and took three guys to hold it. They made it them themselves. I made a three foot one a long time ago. There you had to have a strong wind to get it up. A few weeks ago they had a kite contest who could fly it the furthest. The one in Mar Vista it was in the paper that it showed a kid trying uh practicing in Mar Vista. Well Im not sure where it was held someplace around Mar Vista park. Well maybe the world will come to an end and everything will happen. We had a friend over because her mother was in an accident and she was in the hospital. So um her daughter stayed over at our house. And she slept with us and everything. And she noticed a habit of our baby sister. I like most of the kids in school but some kids. Yeah like Dera. She does everything different than everybody else. She reads books all the time. Yeah she never listens to the teacher. Her hair is so long. Yeah shes unusual. Right now shes a nut. Typical nut. She um her mother put her initials um out of a famous person you know she was named her initials were named for her. I forget what it I think they were last she was a lady and her last name was Harrison. Well that thats one of them he has and then he has a one in uh uh well it its its its its where you could ride horses or its um its up in the hills. Well my father he owns a shop. And uh this um this wrestler goes in there when hes not supposed to hes not allowed to go in and we saw him on the night he didnt know he he was a wrestler. We saw him on the on the night the other day. And we found out that um hes not allowed to be there. I dont know. Hes not allowed to buy stuff. Why isnt he. He gives me a good deal. I get everything half price. And I get some things free. Like caps and stuff. But he gets mad after I take too many. When I take about oh about two three boxes. And and yesterday I bought this little plane and I put it together and it was just a fifteen cent

INFORMAL

SPEECH

268

farsdavslizdiyzaynwilnEvarwark. &awiQzwarn?karvd. Piwaza wtl hiyaedabayplEyn. niyaedsowmEmywayarzanstriqzgowanakresit mowstavamwiOawdCniyparpas 6 « ? i?wud ftarwudbiylEsdraegifiyJaspadaJiydamEtalinfrandavat. aenncn hiyhaednow now Icnsi now wEyliyaran. hawbigwa? hawbigabaw?wazat. hiydwan? hiyaedawiqspaenavnaynfiyt. a fersovolwerwediykiypit. sckandevol 6«?0iqhiydazayndwudanflay. ow hiydidmcyk 6ow wi&rikiyradriygasannorman akayt abaw? i?siksfiyt hay nOriyfaymiynfayf forarfayfiy?wayd aanowgzaekliy. aennEyfluwat antukOriygayztehowldat. fteymcyftatcm AEmsElvz. aymcydaOriyfutwanabqtaymagow. &£r yahaedaaevastreqwindagEdidap. afyuwwiyksagow&EyhaedakaytkontEst huwkadftaya?&afar6as. ftawananmarvista i?wezin&epEypar&a?itJowdekittr£yn ?apraektasiqinmarvista. wtl aymnaPjurwEriPwazhEldsamplEysarawmmarvistapark. wElmaybiy&awarldalkamtuwannEndanEviyOiQalhaepan. wiyaedafrEndowvarkazzermadarwazinanaeksidEnPEn/iywazin&ahaspidal. sow ?am hardadarstEydowvaradarhaws. aen JiyslEpwiOasannEvriyOiq. aen? JiynowdtsdahaebadavarbEybiysistar. ataykmows a&akidzinskuwl batsamkidz. ycalayk daera. JiydazEviyOiq difan?6en EvnybadiyEls. Jiyriydzbuksolataym. y£ JiynEvarksanzta&atiyfiar. harhEyrsowbq. y£ Jiyzenyuwiuwel. ray?naw Jiyza nat. tipikal nat. Jiy am harma&arputarn aemjalz am awdave fEymasparsan yanow JiywaznEym harni/alzwarnEymfarar. ayfergi?wadi? ayOiq? 6Eywar laes JiyazalEydiy aennarlaesnEymwaz haerasan. wElae? &ae?swanavamhtyaez annEniyaeza wanin a a wai? i?si?si?sw£ryakadraydh3rsiz ants am ?supinnahilz. wal mayfa&ar hiyownzajap. aen a 6is am srEslar gowzinnEr w£niyzna?sapowztuw hiyznadalaw tagowin aenwiyso imonnanayt hiydinnowiy lywazarsslar. wiysoiman&iy on&anay? &iya&ard£y. awiyfawndaw?6ae? am znadalawtabiy&Er. ayownnow. znadalawtabaystaf. hwayizanmy. hiy givzmiya gu?diyl. laygEdEvriy&iq haefprays. annayg£?sam&iqzfriy. laykaeps nstaf. biyg£?smaedaefdarayt£yktuwm£nty. w£nnayt£yk?baw? ow baw tuw Oriybaksaz. aend aenyfstardfy aybaP&islidalplEyn aennaypu?tag£bar aenni?waz|asta?

270

FIFTH GRADE

plane about that big. And you and its a wind up plane you know where you wind up the rubber band. And when I wind it up it went went about a hundred feet up way up it just it was like a plane but it kind of goes like this and then it starts going straight up and then it curves over here. I almost lost it when it curved over. Well see it was theres a roof right here like this theres a roof and then the plane was starting to come over. And I and I thought it would start going down and theres a you know a little part right here you know a house the you ever seen a house that was like this. And then there was a flat top roof right here. Yeah that its kind of like ours. And you go up and then it went down I thought it was on this part of the roof but it went over. It was just right on the ground. Yeah. I thought it was on the roof. Probably couldve climbed up up on top of the roof. My friend is is his house is real easy to climb on top. Climb on top of it all lots of times. I fly his planes off of it too. One thing sometimes our uh teacher Miss Schwartz she comes sometimes uh does things like well when were doing something she just blames it on us. Were not even doing it. Yeah. And some and on sometimes usually Im always good in the room its always been mostly Susie is too. Mostly a lot people is but it is always just a couple of people. They always hold back the whole group. Yeah like today. Sometimes its different people though. Well like a couple people are talking. And fooling around she blames the whole class. And then she talks to those guys well she sees them then she talks to those guys and then a lot of other guys start talking starts getting into a riot. Yeah. We were having softball today for pee ee you know. We dont have pee ee in the afternoon we have ten after eleven. We have it at one thirty. So we so we were going to have softball and most guys they dont ever get they get out there about three times out of the week. Yeah we barely ever get out on the and play. And when we do we probably get about ten minutes. Some well were lucky we get twenty. And we were going to play softball today I mean she gives the girls a real good area and then she gives the boys a real lousy one. Or just the opposite. And we were going to play softball today I mean um Friday we were supposed to play softball and and we were noisy so we couldnt. So Monday the girls the girls got to because no uh Thursday you were the girls were couldnt play softball because they were fooling around. And so one day they got to because they didnt get to uh Thursday. And then uh today we cant play softball. But and then we asked her could we play it tomorrow because the girls got to the day they werent paying attention. She says no.

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271

fi?tiyns£n?pl£yn abaw?6ae?big. anyuw anni?sewaynda?plEyn yanowwEryawaynap&araarbaend. snw£nnaywayndi?api?w£n wEnabawdahanardfiydap wtye ¿ i s i?waz laykepl£ynbe?i? kaynagowz layk&is en£nistar?sgowwii]str£ydep ancni?karvzowvarhiyar. ayomowsslosti? w£ni?kervdowver. wulsiyawus ftErzaruf ray?hiyr lay?&is Aazaruf en&cn&aplcynwazstartntakamowvar. na nay93?i?a?star?gowWindawn anfrza yanow alidelpar?raytiyr yuwnowahaws 6a yfvarsiynahaws&awazlayk&is. aendEn &araza flae?tapruwfraytiyr. yE&ae? skaynalaykarz. anyagowwap anriEn t?w£ndawn ?ay03?i?w8Z3nnispar?8&aruwf badi?w£nowvar. wazjisraydsnnagrawn. yea. ay63?i?waz3nnaruwf. prabliykudavklaymda? epontapederuf. mayfrEndiz izhizhawsizriliyziytaklaymentap. klaymantapavids? lasataymz. ayflayizpl£ynzofavi?tuw. wanOiq samtaymzar a tiyCer mis sawsrC Jiykamzsamtaymz a daPOiqz layk w£l wEnwirduwiQsamOiq/iy JasblEymzidanas. wirnadiyvan duwiQQi?. y£a. ansam inon samtaymz yuwiuallaymowizgudinnarum tsoizban mowsliysuwziyiz tuw. mowslty ala? piyballiz badidi?s3wiyzjisdakaplapiypal. &Eyh3wiyzhowbsk6ahowgruwp. y£ layktadEy. sammaymziPsdifarnpiypalftow. weI lay akablpiyblartsakan. anfuwliqqarawn Jiy blEymzehowlklaes. annEnJiy tokz ta&owzgayz wEjiysiyzam&an/a toks te&owz gayz enn£nalad8adargayzstar?toakin starPsgEdiQqintuwaraya?. y£. wiywerhaevinsofboltadEy farpiyiyyanow. wiydown?haevpiyiymniyaeftarnuwn wiyaev tEnaefterelEven. wiyhaevat ae?wan8ardiy. sowwiy sowwiyargenhaevsofbol amowsgayz &£ydow?Evargi? &agidaw?&Erbaw? Oriytaymzawdavawiyk. y£ wiybErliyEvarg£daw?nna nplEy. anwEnwiyduw wiyprabliygidabaw?t£mmtna?s. sam hwEwiyrlekiy wiyg£?tw£niy. ?8wiywerganapl£ysafboltsd£y aymyn Jigivs&agarlzariylgudEriya annEn/iygivzebsyzariyllawziywan. arJasOapazi?. ?awiywarganaplEysafb3ltedEy aymiyn ?am fraydEy wiywarspowsaplEy sofbol an aenwiywarns yziy sowwiyku?n. sowmandEy &agarlz 6egerlzga?tuw bikaz now a SarzdEy lywar dagarlzwar kuPnplEyssfbslbikazzEywarfuwIiQqarawnd. ansow wand£y&£yga?tuwbikazz£yding£?tuw a OerzdEy. an&En a tadEy wakaen?pl£ysofbol. ba? aennfn wiyyaestar ku?wiypl£ya?tamarow bikazzaagarilzgaPtuw &ad£y &£ywarn?p£yyinat£njan. JiysEznow.

272

FIFTH GRADE

Yeah she always says that. Well I was just saying that she always says that when we do the those things. David always takes my girl scout hat away from me. Yeah and he was throwing it at me and I thought she was doing it. And and usually uh usually we play softball once we played two kickball areas that was good. We like softball the best though. Thats one of our the boys like it the best I know that. And we we played dodge ball today. Yeah guy we were the only the all the other people in the it was so hot that all the other people were just sitting there. We and Tim were the only ones playing. Against five guys. After after I had to wash my face I was so hot. Because see my face was so red. It was dirty too. Yeah. Then he throws it at Norman. Today we played uh a game called spello. You know its just like bingo but its with words. Theres five here five this going this way theres about four or five this. No. Five for the every way except it look it looks like this but therere still five. It looks like there but just so the way she has it. Its a its just this the way she has it its like oh like that. Just seemed like theres five across. Yeah well you got the word every time. It was just that it was in different places. Usually after school I play with my friends. But usually if I have a lot of homework usually just do it right after school. Today I just I I finished I did all the syllables. We had a report we have to have a everyone has a report on a state and we have to get it in by May six. Yeah four days before my birthday. Mine was Washington. Well you could really write anything about about you had to have cer- well certain things on the paper but you could add extra if you wanted. Like history. We dont have to do that even though its on there. And I did California but then then she changed it and so everybody have to have a different one. I practically finished it in one night. You had to do another one. Yeah. It has a whole bunch it has about ten pages on Washington its about you know there the world book about that big and then and it has on the on the on dublyu wy and dublyu ex wy and zee theres one book because theres you know you cant get very much in that and about say about a tenth of the book is Washington. Washington dee cee and Washington everything about Washington. Takes at least a week. If I- dont get mine back by twenty first of May then Im going to April then Im going to uh um go to the library. Lets talk about Dera.

INFORMAL

SPEECH

273

yajiyswiyzfzzae?. w£awai£s£yinna? Ji?3wiys£zzae?wEnwiyduwi&a&owz6iQz. dEyvadswiyzUyksmaygerlskawthaedewEyfremnu. y£enniywez6owiQQi?ae?miy aennayOaCiywezduwiQit. ?en ?anyuw2aliy e yuwieliywiyplcy sofbol wanswiyplEyd tuwkikbslEriyaz &»?wazgud. wiylayksofbolftabEsbow. &ae?swenavar &ab3yzlayki?&ab£sdaynow&a?. aewe wiyplEydaJbsltadEy. yE ga wiywar&aowuwn 6a o&e?e6erpiypel inna t?wa?sowha?dad3l&iya&arpiypal warJassidiq&Er. wiyentimar&iyownliywanzplEyin. agEns fayvgayz. aeftar aefterayhxdawafmayfcys awazsowhat. bikazsiy mayfEyswazsow red. ?sdertiytuw. yea. bCnniyOrowzidaePnsrman. dEywiyplEyd a agEymkslspElow. yuwnow ?iJaslaykbiqgowba? itswiOwardz. ftarzfayvhiyr fayvbis gowwan&iswEy dazabawPfsrarfayvbis. now. fayfar&a ?£vriyw£y £ks£pi?lu? i?luksayk6is ba?&£rstilfayv. i?lukslay?&£rbat las sow ftawfy/iyhaezat. 6itsaatsjassis &aw£y/iyhaezi?itslayk ow laykftaee?. JissiymlayP&erzfayvekros. y£a w£l yuwga?baward Evnytaym i?wa2isdae?i?wazindifran plEysis. yuw2aliyaeftarskuwlaypl£yi0mayfr£nz. be?yuw2liy fayavala?ah3mwark yuwiliy Jasduwa?raydaeftarskuwl. tadEyaydis ayay finijt aydi?3llasilebalz. wiyaedanypar? wiyaeftahxva EvnywenhaezariypsrdsnastEy? n wiysftagEdidmbaymEysiks. y£a fardEyzbiformabarOdEy. maynwazwsjiqtin. w£al yuwkadriliyray?£niyOiqqabaw? baw? yahae?tehaev walsar?n0iqz3nap£ypar ba?yuwkadaed£kstre fyuwanid. layk histany. wiydown? haefteduw&aet iyvan6owi?s3nn£r. naydi? kaekfornyaba? 6an banJiyCiynJdi? nsowEvriybadiy haef tahaeve difran?wan. ay praektikliy finijdi?nwannayt. yaaetaduwana&arwan. y£a. tthszahowlbanC ithaezabaw? tinp£yjtz3nw3jiijden tsabaw? yanowuw &£r ftewarlbuk zabaw?&ae?big an£ eni?haez ana sna sn dabayuw way an dabayuw Eks wayan ziy &£rzwanbuk kazzErz yuwnow yuwkaen?g£?v£riymaC innae? anabaw?? sEyabaw? aUnOa&abukizws/iqtan. wsJiQtandiysiy anws/iqdan EviyOiqqabaw? wojiQtan. t£ykza?liysdawiyk. ifaydown?g£?maynb«kbay twEniy farsdavmEy &Ennaymgena Eypral &Ennaymgana a am gowdelayb£ny. l£?st3kabaw?diyra.

274

FIFTH GRADE

Yeah. Well. She got long hair. No uh no. Ill tell you something. No well some kids in our class that we was all messed up and and you know we did their our work. Like um last year when I was in this room I used to sit next to this boy and he always used to bother me and he never used to get. Who. Jeff Case. He never used to do his work or anything. He always just wrote his paper and did nothing and so he got into a higher room and he didnt he he got into that ae five bee six and some people just dont know how he got into there. A boy I was talking about well he uh draws pictures at arithmetic he gets ten words because he cant do any more. Hes always going around beating everybody up. Some kids dont know how to do things like um theyll listen to the teacher but they just dont understand and so they need help by some kids and. Yeah like. Like this morning remember I was helping Lorrie with her bonnet I was showing her what to do. Yeah our student teacher shes just so grouchy. Oh. Yeah we got the grouchiest teacher. Oh. Yeah she she she um she sees um you know other persons talking right next to you. Um well if there was somebody sitting next to you and he was talking she would blame it on you. She would say stop talking you know and everybody um says he was talking and you know. Oh and in in football some kids even the girls they boss around when theyre not even the team captain say you get over there or youre not going to have your ups because youre a this you know even if you are on this team you got to work for your ups so I go another team you say you cant play on this team so I go up to the other team. You get all messed up. Yeah and guy they laugh at you when you miss the ball. Some and you and so when uh when someone misses the ball and theyre not very good at it so the other girls who think theyre real good they start screaming at them but when those girls miss the ball oy nobody screams at them. And if someone does they get him. And some girls in our room just show off too much. Yeah everybody says shut up. It seems like all the girls theyre sort of. Seems like all the boys are sort of. Dera shes a queer. Guy. Go ahead Allison. Okay. Know whenever she reads a book um during discussion anytime the teacher never says anything to her she uh lets her read and then when somebody else starts reading the same time Deras reading now you put that book away or 111 send you to the office. And our teacher our afternoon

INFORMAL

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275

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278

FIFTH GRADE

teacher. This is her. She is such a grouch like um like Carols try uh showing me how to do this hard problem and so the teacher says now you two be quiet or 111 send. And then once this other teacher who comes once a week you know that well um our class the high group we were getting all messed up because we didnt like the teacher and so we we we made up a time you know and everybody looked at the clock at twenty five after everyone had to start coughing. On purpose. And so that day were were always real noisy you know and and every day and so sometimes we start coughing and then we drop um one time all of us drop our pencils at one time and we bang it and everything and we shut our books real tight and so um so this teacher who comes once a week she was um leaning over to this other boy she wasnt helping him or anything. And on that day our afternoon teacher she got real mad at us and so she gave us work and we werent supposed to have work on that day. She was supposed to just teach us on that day you know. So um she gives us a whole bunch of pages. This teacher comes one one day she leans over to this boy and this afternoon teacher comes over this uh this afternoon teacher comes over to the other teacher and she says um Teddy can do it himself. She even tells the the the other teachers what to do. Yeah shes so bossy. And so this teacher shows off when when um when Miss Goldstein comes in because she shows the teacher that she can control us and she really cant. Yeah because shes such a show off. Because you know whenever another teacher comes in. Yeah she she stands up there and and um just stands there waiting for everybody to be quiet. She doesnt do anything. And she um when she asks somebody to do something um you know she just calls them up then she starts walking all over the place and they follow her and and theyre wondering what she wants. And so they follow her all around then for about fifteen minutes she tells them um yeah um you know you do that and you do that. She always goes to the chalk thing you know where you lay it the chalk and she always picks up a chalk piece of chalk and she always goes like this while she walks along. We call her something our class calls her something but we cant tell you. Her name is Marilyn Schwartz. Her Marilyn her name is Marilyn um Schwartz and we call her Marilyn Swivel Hips. You know that big ape Clover goes up to the teacher she was on yard duty and so she said she said hello Marilyn Swivel Hips. And so and so Miss Schwartz says um she says Clover. Oh yes. And today in arithmetic she was she you know those uh problems, you go like two times two take away two and divide and things like that. So um she had a card

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aefternuwntiyter. ftisizher. /iyizse£egraw£ layk em lay?kaerelz tra?a JowiijmiyhawtaduwisharPprablem aensowetiy6erse nawyuwtuwbiykwayad orayl sent. ennenwens&is e6ertiyCeruwkemzwensawiyk yanow 6i? WE I am arklaes 6ehaygruwp wiywergEdiq3lm£sde?bikazwiydinlay?detiy£er ensowiy wiy wiymEydepetaym yanow aen Eviybediyluke&eklakae?twEniyfayvaefter £vriywenhae?testartkofir). onparpes. aensow 6ae?d£y wiyar wiyerowiyzriylnoyziyyenowen aennEviydEy aensow semtaymzwiystar?kofiq annenwiydrap am wentaym3lavesdraparp£nselze?wentaymmenwiy?baei]i)e anncva&iq nwiy /edarbukzriyltayt aensow emsow&istiy£er huwkamzwansawiyk Jiywez em liyniqowverte&ise6erb3y Jiywezent hclpiqemerEniyOtQ. aennannae?d£y ar aeftenuwn tiyCer /iyga?riylmaededes ansowjigcyvaswerk enwiywernspowstehaevwerk3n&ae?d£y. JiywezsepowzteJastiyieson nae?d£y yena. sowem Jiygivzese howlben£epEy]ez. 6istiy£erkemzwen wendcy Jiyliynzowvertefttsboy aen&is aeftenuwntiy£er kemzowver &ts ?e ftisaefdernuwn tiyCer kemzowvertuw&eedertiyfier enscz em tEdiykenduwidimsElf. /iyventElz&e &i &e&ertiy£erzweteduw. yE/iysow bosiy. ensow&istiyCer/owzofhwEn wenem wen misgowlstiynkemzin biykez/iy/owz6etiy&er&0?/iykenkentrowles enjiyriliykaen?. yce ekezJiyseCe/owof. bikezyenow hwEnEverene&ertiyCekemzin. yea Jiy JiystaenzepftEren en em Jesstaenzzer wcydiq JfsrEvriybediydebiykwayet. Jiydezen?duweniyOiq. aenjiy am wcn/iyaessembediydeduwsemOiq em yenow /lyjeskolzemap &En/iystar?sw3kinolower&epl£ys en&Eyfaloweren enntr wendnqwa?Jiywan?s. ensowbiyfalowerolerawn &En forebaw?fiftiynmina?sJiytElzem em yEe em yuwnow yuwduw&ae?n yuwduw&ae?. Jswiyzgowzte&efiak&iq yenow wEryal£yi?6a£ak enJiowiyzpiksepeCak piysetak an/i3wiyzgowzlay?&is way/iywokselsQ. wiykolersemftiq arklaeskolzersemftir) be?wiykaen?t£lyuw. herneym iz meralin /worts. hermErelenhernEymizmaerelin em /worts enwiykolermaerelenswivelhips. yenow6ae?big£yp klowver gowzepte&etiyCer /iywezonyar?duwdiy ensow/isf? /is£? helowmEnlinswivelhips. aensow aensow misJwor?sEzem /ISEZ kleowveer. owyEO. aentedEy EneriOmetik Jiywez /iy yenowftowz e prablemz yagowlayk tuwtaymztuw tcykewEytuw aendevayde n0iqzlay?6ae?. sowem /tyaedekard

278

FIFTH GRADE

with some on and this boy was sitting next to me and he saw them and he said oh boy. He says oh boy some of those problems and so she says well it looks like you dont want to do it and so she goes and puts it in his book in her book you know. And she says then she say? to the group she says I was going to give you some of those real fun problems but Ricky was talking for his group. He all he said was oh boy. Yeah and also shes so absent minded you know. So um I start my spelling because my girlfriend let me copy down the you know the words from her list. And so shes still jabbering away as usual and the class is screaming. She doesnt give a darn. At least shes better than that one we had in Miss Lanneys room. Miss Landenhine. She was a witch. Oh I hate her. She makes us put our heads down every afternoon. She says were tired. She wouldnt even let us read our book. Yeah and one time she pulled up she put um Saris head down and then she pulled it back up by her hair. No that was Debby Kelley. She makes us write this this note you know. When someones bad when someones bad. So one time this this girl by the name of Debby Kelley she writes it and so she and so she had to put she had to put Dear Dear Missus Lindenhine and so she didnt know how to spell Lindenhine and so she spelled Lindenhine wrong and so the teacher made it write it write it all over again. And you know what this kid did she threw it up she tore it up right there and threw it in the trash waste paper basket and she didnt care. And all the kids we gathered up and we after school Debby was the leader and we we all went to the principals office because she wasnt being fair to us at all. And so you know this teacher knew because she knew everybody hated her and so um one day I was in the room during lunch and she comes up to me and says Sari how come all the kids hate me and and so I I didnt want to tell her but I couldnt just say I dont know you know because I was in it and so I said well for instance like we dont like to put our heads down at lunch time and so then another teacher comes along and starts talking to her so I get away. One time she uh everybody went to the office after school and she asked me uh what was happening. And I said oh I dont know. So um I think you came up no wait yeah it was you you told her. No I didnt. And also um usually all the afternoon teachers show off. And guy Missus Lindenhine she looking exactly like a witch. Black hair always in the same hairdo. And guy she put uh about Id say about a whole pack of make up on guy uh uh face was white and then a little dab of red you know and uh fire engine red lipstick oh and eye mascara eye shadow. And she put her hair up like this and she was real mean.

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279

wiOsamon enisboy wasitiQnEkstamiy anhiysa&amniysE? owboyiy hiyOEz owboy GamaOowO p r a b l a m z a n s o w JiysE wEliPlukzlaykyuwdownPwanaduwa? ansowJiygowzanpu?si?nizbuk inharbuPyanow. an/iysEz n£njiys£zta&agruwp JiysEz aywazganagivyasama&owz nylfanprablamsba? nkiywaztakiQfarizgruwp. hiy oliysEPwaz owboy. yta aenalsow Jiyz sowaebsanPmaynda yanow. sow am aystarPmayspElif] kaz maygarlfren lEPmiy ¿ a p i y d a w n n a yaow dawarPzfamharlis. aensow JiystilJaebriQawEy azyuwiuel an aklxsizskriymir). Jiydazangivadarn. aliysfiyzbEdar ftannaePwanwiyhaedimmislaeniyz rum. mislaendanhayn. Jiywazawi6. ow ayheyt har. JiymEyksaspudarhEPzdawn Evnyaeftanuwn. JiysEzwir tayard. JiywuPnivanlEdas riydarbuk. y£ aen w a n t a y m j i y p a l d a p Jiypu? am sanyzh£?dawn en£njiypuldi?baeke?bayherh£yr. now&aePwazdEbiykEliy. JiymEykzasrayP&is &is nowPfianow. wEnsamwanzbaed hwEnsamwanzbaed. sowwdntaym&is &isgerlbayftan£ymavdEbiyk£liy Jiy rayPsi? nsow Jiy ansowJiyhaePtapa? JiyhaePtapa? dtyr diyrmisazlaendanhayn a n s o w JiydinnowhawdaspElEndanhayn a n s o w JiyspEldlaendanhaynroi) ansow&atiy£arm£ydi?raydi raydi?olowvereg£n. anyanowwaP&iskiddid Jiydruwidap Jiytoridapraeern 8ruwa?natre? wEyspEyparbaeskaP n/iydinker. aen ol&akiPz wiygae&ardap anwiy aeftarskuwwai dEbiywazzaliydar aenwa? wiyolwEnta&a prinzabalzofis ka? JiywazanPbiyiqfEyrtaasadal. aensowyanow ftistiyCernuwkaz JiynuwEvriybadiyhEytadhar a n s o w a m wandEyaywazinnarumduriQlanC anjiykamzaptamiynjaz sEriy hawkamol&akiPzhEyiPmiy aen aen soway aydinwanatElar b?ay kuPnJassEy aydannow y a n o w bakazaywazini? a n s o w a y s f ? wul farinstansayk wiydanlayktapudarhEPzdawn a?lan£taym ansow&anana&artiy^arkamzabQ anstarPstokiQtuwwar sowaygEdawEy. wentaymjiya EvibadiywEnPtaftaofis aeftarskuwl njiyaesmiy a hwawazhaepniq. naysE? aow ayownow. s o w a m ayOiqkyuwkEymap nowwE? yEiPwazyuw yuwtowldar. nowwaydiPnt. analsow am yuwialiy olliyaefternuwn tiy£arz Jowof. aengaPmisazlEnahayn/iyluk an £gzaeklilaekawa£. blaekhEyr owiyz innas£ymh£yrduw. aengaP JiypuPa a b a w aydsEyebaw a howpaekav mEykapan gaya a f£ys wazway? annEna lul daebavrEd y a n o w aen ah fayarEnJanrEdlipstik ow aenaymaeskaera ay /aeow. sn/iypadarhEyraplayk&is nJiyazriylmiyn.

280

FIFTH GRADE

Yeah she had some uh fake hair you know that kind. Oh she was so mean. You know what happened once. This boy who sat next to me he likes to draw you know and so he didnt have his notebook with him and so he asked me for a piece of paper and a Marks-a-lot that I had so I gave him a piece of paper and a Marks-a-lot and so the teacher comes along she says Steven I thought I told you not to do that anymore. And so she takes the paper she tears it up throws it in the waste paper basket and then takes the Marks-a-lot and puts it by the teachers desk you know so the teacher could take it by accident and I ask her if I could have it back to my desk because it was mine. She says no no no and uh and um these two girls were in our room and they always take things that they see lying around anybody could have taken it. Its expensive and so um at two oclock recess you know I went down and then when the bell rang I just stood by the room and I wouldnt go in and the teacher found out and she sent some kids out and she says tell Sari to come in and I wouldnt go in. So she comes out and she says if you dont come in here Im going to get you. I get the Marks-a-lot you know and then she takes it away from me and then I get it again. Oh I hate her. Oo. I got over a thousand of them. I know a friend of mine hes got a um hes got a whole box of bottle caps. About two boxes of bottle caps. With the pictures in them. Oh. Those things. I only got around five of them. I only have four. Well on Saturday I usually go to my friends Mitchells Jeff McCraesor. Yeah. I knew him for over two or three years you know. And we go around and once we went to Santa Monica Airport. And we played arourid there and we went to a plane you know. And and you know they told us that we could go. And they gave us some potato chips. What kind of pets do you have. Huh. Pets. Pets. I dont have any pets. I used to have. You got a dog. And a cat. And I used to have fish. And I used to have a turtle. And lets see I used to have a bird. I used to have a dog. I used to have Ive got a dog now I used to have two parrots I used to have a raccoon I used to have a oppossum and I used to have a gopher snake. I used to have I used to have a snake. About this big you know. We caught it and but then it went away. And then we had and then I had three turtles and they all died. And then I had a dog. My grandfather owns a place up in the desert and we we found a lizard

INFORMAL

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281

yc Jiyhaedsem efcykhcyr yenow &ae?kaynd. ow Jiy wezsowmiyn. yuwnowwadhaepanwans. &isboyhuwsae?n£kstamiy hiylaykztadro yuwnow aensow hiydinhaeviznow?bukwi8am ansowiyaesmiyfarapiysapfypar aenamarksala?&adayae? sowaygfyvimapiysapfypar anamarksoa? ansowftatiyCarkamzelaq Jiaz stiyvan ay6odaytowJuwna?teduw&aed£niymDr. ansafitcysapcypar Jiytcrzadap 8rowzi?naw£ysp£yparbaeska?n£n Uyksamarksala? anpu?si?bay &atiy£arz desk yenow sow&atiy£arka?t£yki?bayaeksid£n? aennay aeskarfayka?haevi?baek tamaydes kazi?waz mayn Jisiz nownownow aen a? aen am &iyztuwgarlzwerinarrum aen&£yowiyzt£y?8iQz6a&£ysiy layiq arawn £niybadiykedevt£ykam?. spcnsivansow am ae?tuwklaknys£syanow aywcnPdawn aennfn hw£nnab£lraeq ayjasstu?bay&arum aenaywudengowi?n aend&atiyCar fawndua? aenjiys£n?samki?zaw?njisaz tflsiyriydakamin aenaywudangowin. sowJikamzaw?nJis£z fyuwdown?kaminhiyraymgenag£dCuw. ayg£?6a marksela?fienowennen/iyt£yksidew£yfremiy annanayg£di?ag£n. ow ayh£ythar. uw. aygatowvara8awzandav?am. aynowefrfndamaynhiyzgate? am hiyzgatahowlbaksavbadalkaeps. abawTtuwbaksazavbadalkaeps. wiftapik/arzinam. ow AowzOigz. ayownliyga?arawnfayvavam. ayowniyhaefowr. w£w onsaetardfyayuzaliygowtemay frEnmiCalz Jaf maekrtyz or. y£a. aynuwimfarowvartuwarOriyyarzyanow. aenwiygowarawn anwanswiyw£n?tasaenamanaka£rport. aenwiy plEydarawn&Er onwiyw£n?tuw aplEynyanow. ?aen ?aen yanow&Eytowldas&ae?wiykadgow. aen &£yg£yvassampad£ydow6tps. wa?kaynap£?tsdyahaev. hah. p£tS. p£ts. aydownhaevfniypEts. ayyuwzdahaev. yuwgatadag. anakaet. aenayyuwzdahaefij. aenayyuwzdahaevatardal. aenlftssiyayyuwzdahaev abard. ayyuwztahaevadag. ayyuwztahaev ayvgatadagnaw ayyuwztahaevtuwperats ayyuwztahaevaraekuwn ayyuwztahaevaposam aenayyuwztahaevagowfarsneyk. ayyuwztahaev ayyuwztahaevasncyk. ?baw?&isbig yanow. wiykodit aen ba?6cni?w£naw£y. aen&£nwiy?haed aen&Enayhaed Grtardalz aen&Eyoldayd. aen&snayhaedadag. maygraen?fa&arownzapl£yapin&ad£zar?anwiy wiyfawnalizar

282

FIFTH

GRADE

and the next time we came back we tied him up and the next time we came back he left his tail. He was gone too. Where I used to live up in Benedict Canyop we had a um bunch of horses. Did you see that movie um The Castaways. Oh I oh I I saw some of it. That was tough. They were um going on this boulder man. First of all there was these natives they got caught by in New Zealand. So then um when they got caught by the natives they they locked them in this this house out on a um round cliff thing with a thing going a bridge kind of. And then then about two hundred feet down. So then they he the guys had made um there have got other captives in there they made a big long rope with their hairs you know. So then um then um theres a little boy there that their bars were this wide and he squeezed through. And they tied a rope to his feet and they shoved him out. And he was swung across and got over you know two hundred feet down and hes got his head down and he goes ah ah and he swings over and he gets up and he goes to the bridge and he opens it. They tie it up and they go down the rope and then the natives start going after them. So he picks up some volcanic rock and he sets the rope on fire. So the natives start crawling all up over each other. Was that one the one with Hayley Mills in it. Yeah. Oh that one. Everything is Castaways. And the natives were crawling over each other trying to get to the top because the rope was on fire. See they set the rope on fire. And the natives were crawling over there was about ten of them down. They started crawling each uh over and the guy was going down and all a sudden he got his foot caught on fire and he goes yeow. Did you see Son of Flubber. Oh I think that was boss flubberdent. Flubberdent. And chew flubbermint gum. And flubberize your home with flubberoleum. I saw the football game. Oh yeah. I like the other you know the second time when they stood on each other. When they just took him. Oh yeah. The opposite team they form the triangle and they got up and they blocked him. Thats funny. First they tackle him but then the second time it went across them and they couldnt get it. I thought that was neat heres a the football guys were all over him and he goes thung. Heres a guy coming at him. He goes the guys standing here heres the touchdown over here and he goes. I like that ninety eight yard touchdown. N o I mean uh field goal. That

INFORMAL

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283

xnn£kstaymwiyk£ybxk wiytaydimep xnnEkstaymwiykeymbxk hiyl£f?hizt£yl hiywazgantuw. wErayyuwztalivepinbEnadiktkEnyan wiyhxda am banCahorsaz didyuwsiy&x?muwviy am ftakxstawEyz. oway oway sosemevit. 6x?waztaf. fttywerem gowiQon&isbowldarmaen. farstaval&Eraz&iyznEytivz 6tyga?kotbay innuwziylend. sow&En am w£n6£yga?ko?bay&en£ytivz 6£y 6Eylaktamin in&is ftishaws awdsna am rawnklifOiQ widaOiqgowiq abrij kayndav. aen&en &En ebaw?tuwhendra?fiy?dawn. sow&En 6£y hiy AagaysEdmEyd am ftCravgat a&arkxptivzin&Er &Eym£ydabigbQrowp wi9 &£rh£rzyanow. sow&En am &En em&Erzalidalbay&Er&x? &Erbarzwar&iswayd aniyskwiyzdOruw. an&Eytaydarowptuazfiyt xn&E?Javdim awt. xniywazswaqakrasanga? owvaryanow tuwhandredfiytdawn xnhiyzgatizhEdawn xnhiygowz ?a?ah xniyswii)zowvarxniyg£?tsap xniygowztuw&abrijaniyowpanzi?. &Eytayitap xn&Eygowdawnbarowp an&an&anEy?vz star?gowanxftaram. sowiypiksapsamvowlkEnikrakxniysEts&arowponfayr. sowftantytivzstarPkroliQolepowveriyCe&er. wez &x?wen&8W8nwi6hEyliymilzinit. yea. ow &ae?wen. EvriyOiQiz kastewEyz. sn68nEytivzw8rkr3liqowveriy68&artrayqtsg£?t8&atapkaz&8rowpwaz3nfayr. siy &Eys£?&arowponfayr xn&snfytivzwerkroliqowvar &Erwaz?baw?t£nevamdawn. &Eystar?adkr3liQiy£ah owvar en&egaywezgowiq dawn ?8n3?8S8danhiyga?hizfutk3t anfayr aniygow? lyyaw. didyesiysenavflaber. ow ay8ir)k&x?wezbasfleberdEnt. flabsrdEnt. aenCuwflebarmintgam. anflaberayzyarhowmwi0flebarolyem. ayQo?6afutbolgtym. owyEa. aylayk&iya? bar? yanow&asekentaymwen&EystudoniyCa&er. wenn£yjastukem. owyEa. 6iyopazi?tiym fteyform ftetrayaqalsm &£yga?ap an&Eyblaktim. &x?tsfaniy. fsrsP&Eytxklam b8?&En&8S£kentaym i?w£nnekrosem an&£ykudangE?it. ay8o?&ae?wezniyt hiyrza &efu?bolgayzwerolowverhim xniygowz 8aq. hiyrzagaykaminx?am. hiygow? ftagayzstxndinhtyr hiyrz&atafidawnowvarhiyr xniygowz. aylayk&x?nayndiy£y?yardta6dawn. nowaymiyn ah fiyldgowl.

284

FIFTH GRADE

was that was even more than ninety eight yards because well you couldnt even see it. My dad worked on that picture kind of not an actor but painted the sets. You know when all the glass broke. You know what they did. Its about a million worth of glass in there. All that car glass and everything. You know what they did before they took it. When they they muffled the shot the sound and they shot it out with shotguns. You mean they really broke the glass. Yeah they really broke it. When they um they muffled the sound of the um they took off the sound of the shotguns on the movie. And they shot it out with shotguns. I like it when when the guy was you know he was painting the you know the things and just when the glass broke hed just painted the dot over the eye. Then my dad was on tee vee. It was the Art Linkletter show. My grandfather used to work for Warner Brothers. So we got to go to Disneyland park and things free. My dads got um a friend who works at um Disney studios. Oh guess what we got. See we get a free trip to Las Vegas on April ninth. For three days at the Sahara hotel. Like how. Because my dad was on tee vee. And he was on the Art Linkletter show at nine thirty at night. And he won it. Yeah. I guess so. I think its tough um my dad took me down to the studio one tiirie at three oclock. After I got out of school. When I went to my other school and they were um they were having you know those fights in the saloons. You know in cowboys. You know. So um they started fighting and the guy theyre picking up chairs and theyre hitting. I thought that was neat. The guy picked up a chair and he hit it over the other guys head and the chair broke. They make them out of balsa wood. And um they were playing cards. So this guy says you cheater he tips the table up he pulls out a derringer and he shoots the guy. And the guy he hits his hand you know and blood starts going out. Yeah. Making the movie. Yeah they probably got something in their hands or something. They got a um oh its a little thing of ketchup see and the guy he goes shoots a blank and they hit it and it breaks. Yeah. Well you know about the tee vee program they have these things that youre supposed to guess you know this is about this man and he took off his his um know you know his shoes then took off his socks and put them in the laundry. And then took off his um pants and put them in the laundry and took off his shirt and put them in the laundry took off his undershirt and put them on the uh laundry and you know all he had on was

INFORMAL

6ae?wez

ftsweziyvanmowr&annayndiyEytyardz

SPEECH

285

kazwal yuwkudaniyvansiyi?.

maydaedwerkt3n&x?pikjerkaydev na?anxkter ba?p£yntaddas£ts. yuwnowwanol&aglaesbrowk. yuwnowwaP&Eydid. i?tsabaw?emiliyenwer0evglxsin6Er. owl&ae?karglxsen£vri8ir). yenowwe?6£ydidbefor6£ytukit. w e n &£y &£y mafald&aja? &asawnen&£yja?i?aw?wi8fa?genz. yuwmiyn&Eyriyliybrowk&eglaes. yea ftEyriyliybrowki? w£nn£y am 6£ymafald6asawnavda a m 6£ytuk3f6esawrov6eja?gen?on6emuwviy. aen6£yja?i?awtwija?ganz aylayki?w£n wEn&egaywez yanowhiywazpcyniq&a yanow&e 6iqz aenJaswenfteglaesbrowkhiydJespEyned&edaPowverftaay. bcnmaydxdwezontiyviy. i?wez&iyar?liqklEderJow. maygraenfa&eryuwztewerkferwornerbrefterz. s o w w i y g a ? t a g o w t a d i z n i y l a n parkenOiqz friy. maydaedzga? a m afrenhuwwarksae?t a m dizniystuwdyoz. o w g£swa?wiygat. siy wiyg£?afriytrip talasvcygasaneyprilnaynO. farOriydcyzae&asahaerahowtd. laykhaw. kazmaydaedwazontiyviy. aeniy wezsn&e ar?lirjkl£derfowae?nayn 8ardiyae?nayt. aeniywonit. yea. a y g f s s o w . ayOiqki?tstaf a m maydaedtukmiydawnta&astuwdyowantaymaPeriyokbk. aefterayga?aw?eskuwl. wanaywEntemaye&erskuwl en&Eywer em ftEyarhaevii) yenow&owzfay?tsin&asaluwnz. yanowankawboyz. y u w n o w s o w a m &£ystar?adfaytin an&&egay&erpikinep6£rz sn&Eyrhitan. ay9o?6ae?w8zniyt. &egaypiktepa6Er aeniyhidi?owvar&iye&ergayzh£d aen&aCErbrowk. 6£ym£ykamaw?evbolsewud. aenam &EywarplEynkardz. sow&isgaysEz yuw£iyder hiytips6at£ybelephtypulzaw?ed£renjer eniy/uwts&egay. an&agay? hiyhitshizhxn yuwnowanbledstar?tsgowinawt. y£a. mEykiQ&emuwviy. y£a&£yprabebliyga?samsinin6£yrh«nzorsemsin. &£yga? em o w ?itsalidel9iqekE6ep siy en&agay hiy g o w z Juwtsablaeqk aenftfyhidit ani?br£yks. y£a w e y e n o w ? b a w ? &etiyviypr3graem6£yhsv&iyz6iQZ&a?yarsapowzdagEs yanow6isizabaw?6ismaen aemytukofhiz hiz em n o w y e n o w hizjuwz ?entuk3fhizsaksenpudemin&elowndriy. anftEntuksfhiz e m m paentsenpudemin&ebndriy antuksfhiz Jertenpudemin&ebndriy tukofhizandar/ertanpudeman&e ?a b n d n y aenyuwnowDliyhaedon

286

FIFTH GRADE

his underpants. So they asked a woman urn uh Im sort of cold would you give me a towel. So then the woman looks at him goes like this. And then and then and then theres a question you knew then the movie stops and theres a question mark. And the guy has to guess what will happen. She gave him the towels. And then my the one my dad had to guess was you know pretty girl and theres this one man who is ahead of her. And the girl had a you know a coke a milk you know and she said to the man um will you please can I please go ahead of you Im I just I have to hurry up its real you know urgent. So he just the man just thought he had a couple of she had a um a milk you know. So the man says oh well okay just for one milk you know so then the movie stops and then a question mark and then no no and then the and then she and then she says okay and you know her husband and then the whole big you know um what you call them again those things that you push around whatever you call them. Shopping cart. Uh food and everything and it was about you know it would take a real long time around a half an hour or something to you know theres so many things in there so then the movie stopped. And the guy and a and. What would happen. Would the guy let him let her go or you know go in there you know. Or would he just feel sad for himself. Or would he say just the milk or just say no no no you just said the milk. So he reached. Thats what he did. He just pushed all the stuff back and every everything started falling off. And they were arguing and everything. So he won the trip to Las Vegas. Yeah. And then there was this other one that that about you know Yvonne DeCarlo. See there were two films that was on. And she had her um hair you know done with uh egg. And there was this movie about it was you know one of the tee vee players um well this woman and this the you know the hair styler said well this is going to youre going to have some egg in your hair its going to be real good and its a shampoo its real boss you know. So they put so they so what would the woman do. You know the woman looked like this to and then then the movie stopped. But she took it. Theres this other one with oranges filled with vodka. It was really funny. One time when I lived up in the canyon there was this tree we had a road about twenty feet wide and we had this this rope tied to a tree and the tree this is the road and the tree came out this far on the road. And we had a rope up here. And Pierre he said you know Pierre. He said hes going to be the daredevil. So he tries it and he swings out over the road and he looks down he goes yea-yea and he comes back and he lands in a sticker bush. You mean Pierre. He used to live up there too. And he landed in sticker bushes. He said yeow. So then um then uh my mom comes out on the porch and um Pierre tries it again and she is looking at Pierre you know. And all of a sudden

INFORMAL

SPEECH

287

azhizandarpxnts. sow&Eyxsktawuman em ah aymsortakowld wudyuwgivmiyatawal. sow &cn &awumanluksa?him gowzlayk&is. anden an&En an&En&ErzakwEJCan yanow ftan&amuwviystapsan &ErzakwEJ£anmark. anbagayhxztagEswadalhxpan. Jiygeyvim&atawalz. an&Enmay &awenmaydxdhxtagEs waz yanow pndiygarl xndErz&iswanmxn huwzahEdavhar. xn&agarl haeda yuwnow ?kowk amilk yanow xn/iysEdta&amxn am walyuwpliyz kanaypliyzgowahEdavya aym ayjast ayhxftahariyap i?tsriyl yanow arjant. sow hiylest &amaen]8St03?thiyhaedakapal8 Jiyaeda am amilkyanow. sow damsnsEzawal owkEy Jasferwenmilkyuwnow sow &En&amuwviystaps anftenakwE/anmark an&En nownow an&En&a an&En/iy xn&En/iysEzowkEy xnyanowharhazband xn&En&ahowlbigyanow am wadyakolamagEn ftowz 0iqz6s?yapujerawn wadEvaryakslam. Japiqkart. a fudanEvriyOiq xni?wazabaw? yanow i?ad tEykariylbqtayn arawn ahxfanawrarsamdinta yanow&ErzsowmEniyOiqzin&Er sow&En ftamuwviystapt. xn óegay x n a xn. wa?wadhxpan wud ftagay litem lEdargow aryanow gowin&Er yanow. 3rwudiy]ast fiylsxdfarimsElf. 3r?adiysEy]as?&amilk arfas? sEynow now now yajas?s£d&amilk. sow hiyriyCt. 6x?tswadiydid. hiyjas pu/tol&astafbxk xnEvriy £vriyeiQStar?adfolirpf. xn&Eywarargyuwiqan£vriy6iq. sowhiywan&atriptuwlasvEgas. yta. an&En&arwaz&isa&arwan 6x? &x? abawt yanowiyvondiykarlow. siy&Erwartuw filmz6e?wezon. xn/iyhxdar am hiyryanow dan wiOa ah ?Eg. xn? AErwaz&ismuwviyabaw? i?wazyanow wenov&e tiyviyplEarz am wEl&iswumanxn &is 6a yanow ftahErstaylarsEd wEl&isizgona yargonahxfsamEginyuwrhEr i?tsgonabiyriylgud xni?tsajxmpuw i?tsriylbasyanow. sow&Eyput sow&Ey sowwatwud&awumanduw. yuwnow Aawumanluktlaykftista an&En &Endamuwviystapt. ba?/iytukit. ftErzAisadarwanwiOoranJasfildwievadka. iPwazrtyliyfaniy. wantaymwanaylivdapinbakxnyan &Er?az&istriy 6is wiyhxdarowdabaw?twEniyfiytwayd xnwiyhxd&is 6is rowp taydaEtriy xn&atny disizdarowd xn&atriykEymawd&is faron&arowd. xnwiyhxdarowpaphiyr. xnpyEr hiysEd yanowpyEr. hiysEdhiyzgonabiy&adErdEvil. sowhiytrayzit xniyswiQzaw?owver6erowd xniyluksdawn hiygowzyEayEahxniykamzbxkaniylxndzmastikarbuJ. yuwmiynpiyEr. hiyyuwztalivapftErtuw. xniylxndadinstikarbu/az. xniysEdyEaw. sow&En am 6En ah maymemkemzawtan fteporC xndam piyErtrayzitagEn xnJiyzlukinx?piyEr yanow.

288

FIFTH GRADE

Pierre comes out and he misses my moms nose by about she goes uhah. How old was Pierre then. Oh he was uh um probably eleven and a half. Hes almost thirteen now. He is. Hes in ae six now isnt he. Uh hum. Were building on our house. Were building on in the to our den and were building the bedroom. So its not going to be so crowded and we can get our brother out of the room. My girlfriend and I decided see her brother has his room and everybody walks through it to get through the other bedroom. And so my mom had the room a room like that and everybody walked through her room. So Andys going to get that room and we said I think the boys should have those kind of rooms then they keep their room room neater. Yeah because everybody walks through it. How olds your brother. Andys ten. Yes. And Im going on eleven. Isnt he kind of uh small. No. Hes about as big as I am. He is. Yeah almost. Um when are you going to be eleven. Im eleven already. Youre going to be eleven May eighth. You know. Your birthday is on the same day mine is. Well mine my Im already Im eleven already. You are. When you going to be twelve. January thirty first. Of next year. Well my favorite sport is fishing. And mine is tennis. Uh we belong to a club. Yeah I got tennis shoes. Well my mom works at a school and she um works uh at a school and and shes a clerk. My father works at a police station. He works nights. And my father works for Reynolds Metals who has companies all over the world. You ought to be made out of tin foil then. And um he uh and my mother doesnt work but uh she plays tennis a lot and we belong to a a club and I like to swim a lot too. Um well I like fishing because uh its a good sport and you can catch a lot of things. But in the lake you cant catch too many things only bass crappy blue gill and trout. In the sea you can catch all sorts of fish barracuda shark maybe even a whale you know. Well my cousin caught a shark once. A baby shark. It was turned up. And it was by the shore. And also the reason I like to play tennis and my

INFORMAL

SPEECH

289

aen3lav8S8denpiycrk9mzaw?9niymisezmaymemznowzbay9baw? Ja?gowz a?aah. hawowldwazpiycr&En. owhiywaz e am prababliy ilcvanaenehaef. hizolmowstOartiynnaw. hiyiz. hizinCysiksnaw izenhiy. emham. wiyrbeldtnonarhaws. wiyrbaldinomin&a tuwardcn aenwiyrbaldin Pabcdrum. sowi?tsnatgonabiysowkrawded anwiykang€?arbra&araw?ov&aruwm. maygarlfrcnnaenaydasaydad siy harbre&er haezhizrumaen Evriybadiyw3ks0ruwi?t tuwgct&ruw6iya6arb£drum. ?ansow maymamhaed &arum arumlayk&ae? a n cvriybadiywaktOruwharrum. sow aendiyzg3nag£?6ae?ruman wiyscd aydiqk&aboyzjiidhaev ftowzkayndarumz 6cn &£ykiyp&£rrum rum niydar. yea koz£vriybediywDks0ruwit. hawowldzyarbra&ar. aendiyzttn. yeas, aenaymgowiqsnalcvan. izaniykaynda ah smal. now hiyzabaw?azbigazaycm. hiyiz. yea olmowst. am wanayuwgonabiyalcvan. aymalcvanolrcdiy. yuwrganabiyalcvanmcyeyO. yuwnow. yuwrbaredcyizon&ascymdcymayniz. walmayn my amolrcdiy aym alcvanolrcdiy. yuwar. wenyuwgonebiytwtlv. JaenyariyOardiyfarst. evntksyiyr. wew mayftyvritsportizfiJiQ. aenmaynizttnas. ?a wiybaloqtuwakleb. yea ayga?t£nisjuwz. welmaymamwarksaedah skuwl aen Jiyam werksa?ae?askuwlaen aenjiyzaklark. mayfa&arwarksae?8powliysst£y/en. hiywarksnay?ts. xnmayfa&arwarksfarrcnaldzmctalzhuwhaezkampaniyz olowver&ewerld. yuwDdebiymeydaw?etinfoyl &cn. aend am hiy a aenmayma&ardazantwark bad a Jiyplcyztenisalad aen wiybabqtuwa klab anaylayktaswimaladtuw. amwel aylaykfi/iQ bekoza i?tsagudsport enyuwkenkECeladaOirjz. badin&alcykyuwkaentkcituwmcniyOiqz ownliybaes kraepiybluwgal antrawt. inftesiyyekenketolsortsefij baerakuwda /ark mcybiyiyvanahwcyl yanow. wclmaykazinkata/arkwans. abcybiyjark. i?waz tarnd ap. aeni?wezbay&aJor. aen olsow&eriyzan aylayktaplcytcnis

290

FIFTH GRADE

mother and my family because you you know you run a lot and its I mean its just a real good sport and we all like it and um also my mother works at yu cee ell ae. But I mean you know volunteer work. On monday and friday I think it is for um the medical center. I like physical fitness a lot. And also theres one person she I wanted to tell you about this. Theres a girl shes um shes about um twenty years old and she weighs about seventy pounds. And um shes um the kind of girl who she lived on a farm and her parents never cared about her or anything and um I mean they just let her do whatever she want and she she went out with mad boys that were I mean crazy and everything and she almost died once and they tried you know a lot of these people tried to kill theirselves. And my mother when she was in her early twenties she worked at a um courthouse. I like physical fitness because I I just like to uh be the well have muscle. So I can ride a bike and everything like that. And I wont tire out after a lots of things. I I rode five or about fifty miles. I rode all the way down to Hollywood and back on my bike. All the way down to Griffith Park and I rode all around there. My speedometer showed fifty one fifty miles and nine tenths. Ive um walked at least ten miles at one time. It was a one gear bike with uh double low gear you know so I could really take those grades and going down hill I just sat back my feet on the steering wheel. Well Jeff that can be dangerous if a car just comes tearing. No I went down alleys. Oh. Well anyway if a car came tearing in the alley youre dead. Well not dead but you know what I mean. Sunk. And also I live in the cooperatives in the co-op cooperative apartments on Sepulveda. And uh we have three swimming pools and its kind of real nice. And my mother did something with the wall. Um she painted half of it on the top and the bottom different colors. And then she put these posters on it. And it says like England and France and Germany Italy and they show different designs and some some of them just show cups. But you know big and small cups and everything. And then on Italy it has a man playing the guitar. Um uh also uh my mother knows some people who know these rich people and we went over there one day. And the shape of their pool is like a ten dollar bill with it had pieces of cement like like uh uh you know like a dollar sign. And uh so I go over there start playing and uh I I swim around that thing and it took me five minutes to get back to the beginning it was real its about as big as this room. But the uh the uh dollar sign in the pool was about oh I dont know about as big as our track. Yeah it had you know

INFORMAL

SPEECH

291

enmayme&er enmayfaemliy bikoz yuw yenow yerenelad aen i?ts aymiyni?ts JeseriylgudsportanwiyDllaykit a n am alsow mayme6erwerksae?yuwsiyel£y. ba? aymiyn yenow valatiyrwark. anmandcyanfraydcy ayy

ae E ow ey

a D

Frequency (J) and Proportion (p) of Phonemes in Natural Speech.

of 1st Grader» Vowel* Consonants f p Phoneme f p Phoneme 7490 2615 2235 1900 1725 1196 976 900 843 711 244

UW U Total Vowels 20,835 2179 ay aw 451 35 ay

of Srd Graders Vowels Consonants f p Phoneme f p

n .08168 3 8064 .12794 5095 .04917 2884 .04576 r 3305 i 2502 t 2943 .04745 .03969 iy m 2831 .04489 ae 1933 .03067 8 e 1914 .03037 2473 8 .04157 d m d .03782 ow 2383 1383 .02194 w w 1976 .03340 1020 .01618 ey 1 1910 1 976 .01548 .02975 a ? 1862 k .02810 D 875 .01388 1802 i UW k .02743 785 .01245 ? .02694 314 .00498 S 1729 U 1619 .02648 Total a 1184 b h .02022 Vowels 22,650 .35936 .35523 1162 b .01904 1997 .03168 h .03715 ay .01741 953 .00769 aw 477 .00757 g S f 887 .00060 50 .00079 .01323 P ay .01274 f 827 P V .00982 713 y V .00846 599 y .00627 450 0 Q e 363 e .00619 356 .00505 S S 6 217 .00319 i 216 6 .00305 ï 0 0 s 5 Total Total Consonants 35,153 .59933 Consonants 37,855

.12770 .04458 .03810 .03239 .02941 .02039 .01664 .01534 .01437 .01212 .00416

n r t

«

4791 2884 2783 2633 2438 2218 1959 1745 1648 1609 1580 1553 1186 1117 1021 776 747 576 496 368 363 296 187 179 0

.08083 .05243 .04669 .04491 .03923 .03781 .03135 .03030 .02954 .02859 .02743 .02568 .01878 .01844 .01512 .01407 .01312 .01131 .00950 .00714 .00576 .00565 .00344 .00343 0 .60060

INFORMAL

SPEECH

445

Table 7.2 (continued) of 6th Grader» Voted» Phoneme

3 i »y E ae ow ey a 3 uw u

f

p

10593 3693 3348 2463 2209 1823 1359 1330 1163 1079 418

.13082 .04561 .04135 .03042 .02728 .02251 .01678 .01643 .01436 .0i333 .00516

Phoneme n r t s

d m 1 w

k s

« ?

Total

Vowels 29,478 ay 2261 aw 578 74 ay

of Adult» ConionatU»

.36406 .02792 .00714 .00091

h

b g y p f V Q

S e

6

Total

J s

f

6118 4379 3738 3549 3309 2637 2591 2451 2342 2243 2198 1772 1478 1430 1245 1228 1211 1115 1030 668 647 505 360 335 0

p

Voted» Phoneme

f

p

Consonant» Phoneme

.07556 3 6325 .12985 .05408 i 2489 .05110 .04616 1835 .03767 •y .04383 E 1551 .03184 1229 .02523 .04087 ae .03257 ow 1139 .02338 .03200 uw 869 .01784 .03027 ey 755 .01550 .02892 D 737 .01513 .02770 a 596 .01224 .02714 u 230 .00472 .02188 Total .01825 Vowels 17,755 .36451 .01766 ay 1555 .03192 aw 367 .00753 .01538 .01517 43 .00088 ay .01496 .01377 .01272 .00825 .00799 .00624 .00445 .00414 0

Consonants 48,579 .59996

n r s t 1 d

k w 8 m a

? y b h V

P f g Q

I

e

S

6 3

f

p

3464 2806 2264 2248 1850 1827 1414 1397 1354 1199 1107 988 941 877 793 738 694 692 598 516 397 388 221 215 0

.07112 .05761 .04648 .04615 .03798 .03751 .02903 .02868 .02780 .02462 .02273 .02028 .01932 .01800 .01628 .01515 .01425 .01421 .01228 .01059 .00815 .00796 .00454 .00441 0

Total Consonants 28,988 .59514

STATISTICAL

446

TABLES

Table 7.3 Rank Order of Vowel and Consonant Phoneme» by Frequency of Occurrena for First, Third, Fifth Graders and Adults. Data of Denes (1968, Table 2, p. 894) and Roberts (1965) Also Given. 1st

3d

(the) (hit) (beat) iy aytt (bite) ae (bat) e (bet) ow (boat) ey (may) (pot) a 3 (bought) UW (boot) a w f t (cow) u (put) aytt (boy)

a i iy ay

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

a i

e ^ ow ey a D UW aw u Dy

1. Vowels 6th s i iy_ ay * ow ey av 3 UW aw u Dy

Adult

Roberts•• 3 i e a u s OW 3

* Rank according to Denes (1963); • • Rank according to Roberts (1065); t In addition to /a/, Denes also used /A/; since for us /A/ would have been transcribed as / a / we have added it to the count. In any event, / a / was the highest ranking vowel in Denes' study, f t These are usually classed as diphthongs but have been added here in order to make our results comparable to those of Denes.

INFORMAL

Table 7.3 Rank

1st

3d

1 2

n r

n r

t

1

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

m s s d d m w w 1 1 k ? a k * 8 t5 a h b b h g g f p p f v y

23

j"

22

0 e

s

Q e

S

i

SPEECH

447

(continued)

1. Consonant» 6th Adult n r

t^ s d rn

n r / b\ "—t-^N — d \

Dene»* ^t n b d 1 m

—

^

k w \ w^ / \ k k X C Mt s 8 a a » » b h y y b b v ' ' g •» a^K v^ h Nxy P XX'P'C''''' v D S

e

6 J 3

^ g Q I

e ^

Robert»** t yt

r n wf 8 1 d ht m k 8 a • i b P

D

D

g ^S 8

g S «

i

6

e J

24 6 i « S 3 25 3 3 3 * Rank according to Denee (1963); ** Rank according to Roberts (1965); t y, w and h are inflated by use as off-glides. ft Denes used Southern English (i.e., Received Pronunciation) which has distinct •owel phonemes /a:/ (bird), /a:/ (part), /ua/ (poor), /ea/ (bear) and /»/ (beer). In our transcription each of these would become a simple vowel plus r thus bringing r up to rank 4 after •.

448

STATISTICAL

TABLES

INFORMAL SPEECH

< O >H CO

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fe

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STATISTICAL

450

Table 7.5

Product-moment

TABLES

Correlation Matrix for St Contonant from 16 Sett of Data.1

Phoneme*

1st

1

TRN FOW

2

CAR HAY

3 4

WHI DEW

5 6 7

VOE FRE FRY TOB HUL ROB 1st 3rd 5th A

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

.58

.42 .92

.75 .83

.67 .80

.72

.56

.75 .82 .62

.72

.63

.73 .81 .58 .98 .98

.86 .71

.74 .54

.71 .82 .72

.97 .97

.97 .92

.98

.96 .96

.88 .86 .90 .91 .89

.88 .80 .87 .88 .94

.95

.90

Natural Speech 3rd 6th Adult

12

13

14

15

16

.41 .92

.78 .89 .999 .76 .62 .82

.63 .76

.68 .83 .64

.56 .58 .62 .71

.60 .89 .88 .89 .91 .89

.66 .79 .62 .92

.71 £6 .66 .94 .94 .94

.55 .72

.77 .80 .82 .80 .68 .73 .76

.90 .81 .60 .70

.91 .91 .94 .91 .91 .82 .62 .75 .99

.93 .93 .94 .95 .92 .92 .83 .64 .80 .98 .99

.96 .93 .90 .82 .66 .84 .93 .97

15 16

1 Sample sources: 1, dictionary; 2, modern prose; 3, modern plays; 4, lectures; 5, modern prose; 6, newspapers; 7, radio announcements; 8, telephone conversations; 9, phonetic readers; 10, telephone conversations; 11, modern plays (same data as CAR, 3); 12, isolated words from written materials spoken in syntactic context, then re-isolated for phonemic analysis; 13, 14, 15, and 10, phonemic transcriptions of our own data (1st, 3rd, 5th and adult speech, in that order). See discussion in text for details. Phonemes used: t, n, r, s, d, 1, k, m, w, y, s, v, h, f, b, g, p, q, S, 6, 3-

INFORMAL SPEECH

§ i

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s o

£ 3 in

a

s y

?

1 104 0 0 0 144 57 40 156 1 1 0 3 14 11 85 62 133 182 5 1 79 1 5 0 1 9 93 18 38 5 0 0 51 39 1 75 29 25 416 0 0 0 0 279 2 7 2 0 0 19 33 50 56 6 15 313 1.56 206 12 18 368 53 153 9 45 220 114 313 147 4 40 3 19 19 11 6 33 79 2 6 2 0 3 3 68 162 86 419 71 11 56 62 121 15 10 129 86 170 12 0 0 0 0 30 1 3 3 3 32 2 67 91 423 0 0 1 8 316 0 1 2 0 23 0 15 22 13 47 20 1 3 0 8 8 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 2 0 9 3 1 273 93 0 1 9 233 0 14 0 0 0 0 216 1 1 109 0 0 1 4 2 0 46 2 7 2 2 23 2 8 22 10 32 9 47 15 11 3 0 1 13 0 0 10 448 10 11 270 0 0 0 0 0

3 ,Space

0 54 2 64 0 72 68 18 2 1 142 58 46 49 21 37 16 70 63 91 0 8 75 2 6 38 5 0 0 19 0

2 0 0 4 6 24 21

42 5 28 237 22 31 22 64 7 6 139 182 423 479 316 65 107 314 238 295 1

54 6 12 1

367 64 11 0 15 1

342 3 20 96 101 275 194 6 0 79 2 0 2588

Hod Symboi 41 9 22 132 7 43 20 10 1 7 95 119 155 235 165 34 75 229 177 307 0 27 1

15 0 217 75 6 0 16

a b

6 d e

f K h i V

j

k 1 m

n

ow P q

r s t

u

V

w

s y z

uw ay

3 e

1 ts 66 3 se 0 14 aw ay 21 ey 66 138 iy ? 39 5 3 0 Space 0 Period

STATISTICAL

472

TABLES

Table 8.2.4 r IT si Symbol a

b

i

d

c

f

g

h

i

I

k

1

Frequency of Phonemic

m

1 7 22 32 12 1 32 3 41 3 12 5 0 14 1 0 2 26 0 0 0 100 9 0 57 0 1 6 1 1 0 4 2 27 0 4 2 9 0 4 16 13 24 14 3 4 16 10 4 8 249 8 1 4 12 2 81 3 3 78 2 7 64 214 33 1 14 2 0 4 20 1 1 2 51 0 4 21 1 0 41 4 1 34 0 0 7 0 0 99 0 1 9 13 0 0 0 6 0 0 2 22 0 0 0 5 22 150 1 0 32 132 85 44 0 89 22 « 21 1 0 1 0 29 0 2 17 0 0 0 0 J k 35 5 7 5 29 2 7 121 2 1 56 8 5 1 52 20 5 66 48 28 16 11 116 7 16 29 21 m 21 36 0 10 87 10 15 9 74 0 7 5 19 ii 69 29 19 154 95 37 36 51 120 52 29 63 34 ow 1 20 4 21 8 12 6 18 51 5 31 68 36 1 1 0 27 1 31 0 55 6 0 2 67 4 P 1 6 0 4 7 4 28 3 97 5 9 8 7 q r 35 48 6 162 91 60 33 29 172 21 77 58 53 8 7 24 6 34 111 27 29 17 123 26 125 35 37 t 23 24 0 8 84 18 6 19 124 4 19 15 17 U 0 0 0 93 2 0 0 0 0 6 37 14 9 V 2 16 0 19 60 6 8 14 54 1 9 9 10 w 33 0 0 1 263 1 144 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 2 0 2 1 5 0 18 0 0 s 2 0 0 1 0 0 134 0 6 0 0 0 0 y z 1 26 3 28 8 23 17 17 69 15 25 16 18 uw 1 11 0 34 12 4 24 21 33 10 35 100 30 ay 0 0 0 5 1 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 0 0 0 2 2 1 5 2 224 0 5 4 0 9 1 0 0 0 201 2 0 4 88 1 0 0 0 3 3 241 64 329 17 110 153 201 10 69 131 363 378 se 0 16 4 101 1 40 1 12 45 26 31 3 3 aw 1 2 2 33 2 0 0 2 3 1 7 6 13 4 12 1 163 5 33 44 53 23 18 200 70 135 ay ey 4 22 0 52 6 20 27 0 9 18 84 17 50 6 39 36 65 15 33 57 47 41 12 80 114 45 iy T 3 26 2 21 7 11 14 19 35 8 32 27 3» 3 0 9 11 19 0 21 6 2 2 6 26 180 8 Space 22 183 11 115 42 70 42 191 255 37 62 68 81 Period 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total number of pairs, 54,478; diphone pairs only, 44,545. Total number of phrases, 4,140. Total number of utterances (full stops), 1,630. a b t d e f ft h i

n

ow

P

38 2 1 15 332 5 3 1 475 0 6 11 2 130 132 4 3 71 28 8 2 9 1 0 0 26 57 6 0 2 0 1083 331 78 123 53 123 33 142 128 0

0 8 1 96 0 29 119 39 1 8 26 28 54 297 3 20 0 49 131 24 0 2 7 13 3 23 1 0 0 1 26 8 0 5 5 0 12 4 0 97 0

12 l 0 0 0 0 9 0 7 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 18 455 1 0 4 0 18 0 32 0 25 0 28 0 0 0 2 20 30 0 0 60 1 7 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 192 10 30 10 1 0 22 0 13 0 1 89 0 20 4 17 39 0 0 0

q

Diphonea,

r 150 23 1 47 288 77 80 0 18 2 26 11 2 26 63 81 4 9 18 126 23 60 3 1 0 18 30 0 0 47 1 1157 11 8 17 40 108 5 182 43 0

a

t

9 65 4 0 7 0 35 14 112 55 1 41 1 3 1 0 185 202 1 0 140 84 35 23 9 26 162 237 43 34 16 25 9 22 160 74 41 345 259 6 13 4 23 27 1 0 0 5 0 0 29 35 31 26 7 0 0 0 8 2 0 0 354 248 79 139 9 62 85 81 37 58 82 49 103 125 8 20 171 105 0 0

INFORMAL

Adult Speech, Arranged

SPEECH

473

Quarirolphabeiically.

oymuu*U

V

0 3 9 0 1 0 4 11 1 115 12 0 34 0 2 0 0 58 14 0 18 0 16 11 0 2 0 7 2 27 22 0 0 0 7 15 3 6 15 7 0 0 0 0 41 0 19 0 9 0 1 11 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 184 0 121 0 0 0 57 0 20 0 42 1 0 0 12 1 6 0 0

w

s

y

z

uw

ay 3 0

2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 4 8 5 10 9 0 3 1 17 2 21 3 67 43 114 0 6 14 0 24 0 0 2 0 36 2 1 0 9 0 7 5 0 0 35 0 0 0 27 0 1 24 0 155 0 0 3 0 2 0 26 17 34 14 17 3 71 0 37 2 33 34 15 1 17 1 11 32 13 4 68 19 110 55 12 5 32 10 22 53 0 0 5 0 5 1 7 2 8 0 4 35 0 0 46 7 51 111 37 1 61 1 18 0 5 0 63 4 16 0 157 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 12 0 23 14 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 358 0 30 5 21 19 1 0 47 3 17 23 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 92 31 49 272 0 0 0 8 0 12 0 0 5 1 1 9 0 0 103 5 8 35 2 0 29 28 9 16 0 0 92 3 18 94 1 0 91 6 19 9 0 0 0 0 2 27 0 0 426 26 361 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

V

a

se aw ay ey

0 0 12 6 1 0 Q o 2 217 37 100 0 0 2 63 11 1 0 1 41 479 19 28 0 1 7 26 1 0 0 0 10 158 21 4 0 0 0 50 5 0 0 1 0 81 235 74 0 64 16 13 0 0 0 0 0 196 1 0 0 1 60 322 60 9 0 9 52 249 78 3 0 47 12 159 42 4 0 38 173 390 26 47 0 4 45 29 0 1 0 3 23 122 26 6 0 1 21 40 2 2 0 11 71 230 56 36 0 6 36 333 38 11 0 11 47 504 16 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 5 47 227 7 4 1 0 0 0 606 0 0 0 0 80 1 3 0 0 0 384 1 2 0 3 56 174 10 1 0 11 39 65 1 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 19 1 5 0 0 0 466 273 0 0 23 86 16 4 0 0 5 1 7 2 0 0 7 5 9 0 0 0 54 14 36 10 1 0 3 9 21 2 0 0 52 25 106 13 5 0 10 79 41 4 8 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 16 353 387 225 6 0 0 0 1 0 0

1 24 4 57 4 44 27 37 0 1 27 231 85 114 33 0 3 109 60 77 0 4 60 2 1 21 5 0 0 0 0 7 0 2 5 1 19 17 1 472 0

¡y

'

a Space Period Symbol

0 1 39 0 18 142 0 3 3 0 8 1 0 42 130 0 27 0 0 47 0 3 26 0 52 18 1 0 35 6 116 0 12 0 0 214 4 1 36 0 1 19 20 0 83 58 188 2 48 49 116 1 35 40 176 92 40 0 0 3 10 15 70 0 7 0 0 5 4 56 294 22 36 40 109 11 32 78 78 2 46 0 0 19 0 5 15 2 6 45 123 1 61 6 41 0 2 0 29 0 10 7 13 0 19 11 2 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 20 213 74 0 3 1 1 192 8 0 0 185 1 0 0 63 0 0 3 36 8 0 3 11 8 15 5 9 13 1 0 12 0 0 0 14 0 9 12 12 57 0 0 0 0

44 12 12 94 4 25 5 64 3 11 46 146 82 253 190 25 90 190 162 150 0 29 3 8 1 180 77 2 0 14 0 189 2 15 72 47 147 110 5 2 1629

a 37 b 10 i 13 d 57 e 3 f 22 7 S h 9 i 1 V 5 J 41 k 1 76 m 69 n 134 ow 94 14 P 62 q r 182 108 8 t 180 u 0 5 V w 1 3 J 0 y 124 z uw 68 2 ay 0 3 7 e 9 0 a 49 se 2 aw 15 12 »y ey 38 122 >y T 54 3 3 1 Space 0 Period

STATISTICAL

474

TABLES

Table 8.3.1 Rank Order and Frequency of Word-initial Letters for First, Third, end Fifth Grade and Adult Speech

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

First Grade Frequency t a i w h s 0 m b g u d c f 1 y p n k

e r

j V

q 2 X

2934 2276 1833 1617 1313 1275 1064 1028 890 763 693 665 632 521 451 451 354 294 271 265 263 137 33 3 2 0

Third Grade Frequency t a i w 8 h 0 b m u g y d c f 1 k

P r

n e i V

q s X

3239 2458 1824 1721 1518 1424 1112 923 871 844 758 642 635 602 521 494 365 358 333 307 227 152 29 3 3 0

Fifth Grade Frequency 3952 2991 2141 2136 1976 1748 1404 y 1117 m 1061 b 1028 978 g 910 d 811 u c 743 f 701 1 686 553 P k 520 n 467 424 e r 410 223 j V 53 22 q z 10 X 0

t a w i B h 0

Adult Frequency t i a w 8 y 0 h d b m g c 1 P f n u k r

e j V

q z X

2469 1733 1529 1227 923 895 769 708 592 588 497 465 439 427 361 359 338 317 300 241 258 174 60 18 7 0

INFORMAL

475

SPEECH

Table 8.3.2 Rank Order and Frequency of Word-final Letters for First, Third, and Fifth Grade and Adult Speech

Rank

First Grade Frequency

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

e 3663 t 2253 d 2025 8 1966 y 1454 n 1343 0 1124 r 970 i 925 m 644 612 a h 611 562 g 1 495 w 333 u 301 f 262 k 216 185 P 42 X 37 b c 5 1 s 0 i 0 q V 0

Third Grade Frequency e t d 8 n

y 0 r i m h 1 a g w u f k P b X

c •

j

q V

3883 2382 2342 2123 1404 1296 1233 996 788 783 653 576 563 551 447 420 324 315 227 30 23 9 1 0 0 0

Fifth Grade Frequency e t d 8 n

4927 3249 2703 2797 1687 y 1585 0 1452 r 1351 h 934 i 852 817 g m 759 732 a u 723 1 707 w 578 f 450 k 401 P 254 b 37 c 32 X 30 8 11 0 j 0 q V 0

Adult Frequency e t 8 d

2580 2158 1444 1237 y 975 0 969 n 880 h 733 692 r i 677 u 617 1 540 529 g 422 a w 350 f 326 m 217 k 205 101 P b 15 11 X c 7 I 0 0 j 0 q V 0

STATISTICAL TABLES

476

Table 8.4.1 Rank Order and Frequency of Phrcue-initicd Phoneme» for First, Third, and Fifth Grade, and Adult Speech.

Rank

First Grade Frequency

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

w 561 3 547 SB 480 ? 454 ay 423 ts 374 h 302 8 256 m 254 b 198 186 y i 153 n 139 t 135 d 127 k 126 f 107 88 g s 88 84 e 61 P ow 58 3 55 1 55 r 50 e 37 34 a 27 J 17 i 11 iy V 8 aw 7 ey 6 c 4 uw 2 2 u 0 ay 0 0 3

Third Grade Frequency ? w » a 8 h ay

669 634 518 472 452 346 323 314 y 8 302 m 195 b 192 i 179 n 166 t 142 k 135 d 109 f 109 1 99 85 K r 76 s 74 59 p ow 56 3 48 1 47 41 e a 31 e 29 20 •y aw 12 uw 6 6 6 z 5 V 4 1 ay 1 ey 0 3 u 0 0 3

Fifth Grade Frequency

Adult Frequency

3 775 w 745 ffi545 ts 522 520 y ay 448 h 412 8 331 ? 270 b 251 i 244 m 241 n 216 s 209 t 184 d 177 k 138 f 127 1 104 ow 103 g 101 85 P e 80 3 79 r 65 58 J a 45 e 44 11 •y Ö 10 aw 10 ey 10 t 7 uw 4 V 4 u 2 1 3y 1 9 0 3

ay 472 w 426 3 387 361 y 3 353 i 255 e 225 h 191 b 183 8 171 n 128 d 115 t 105 ow 97 m 81 f 70 1 68 k 62 3 57 r 43 e 42 42 g 39 P V 37 J 26 S a 22 e 16 ? 12 •y 12 £ 11 ey 9 z 6 V 6 aw 6 u 1 0 3 0 ay uw 0 0 D

477

INFORMAL SPEECH

Table 8.4.2 Rank Order and Frequency of Phrase-final Phoneme* for First, Third, and Fifth Grade, and Adult Speech.

Rank

First Grade Frequency

Third Grade Frequency

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

n 580 m 553 482 i r 432 t 412 iy 383 3 365 8 293 d 277 ? 205 ow 205 1 194 ay 141 k 131 uw 113 ey 112 0 105 70 P 67 8 f 51 44 e V 43 b 33 31 a 6 28 i 25 e 23 s 22 aw 22 21 b ay 13 ® 12 12 3 V 9 J u 5 w 5 8 1 1 y 0 3

n 659 m 609 i 490 r 486 t 472 3 386 »y 363 B 332 d 331 ow 304 1 221 ? 180 k 177 ey 140 uw 124 Q 118 ay 110 P 106 V 47 42 f a 36 6 33 32 g s - 32 aw 23 e 19 h 18 e 15 ay 15 b 10 3 8 i 7 5 J 4 w 2 y es 2 5 1 u 0 0 3

Fifth Grade Frequency n t i

m r ow 8 iy 3 d 1 k ?

0 ey uw ay P a V f h

6 g aw e e

s

3y b V

J 3 i

w

«

V

u y

3

714 602 584 578 543 481 415 413 408 369 301 234 233 182 167 139 117 99 83 81 74 74 50 42 34 31 29 27 17 14 13 11 8 7 3 2 1 1 0

Adult Frequency n r t a

ow 8 iy 3 1 ?

V d m uw k ey ay a h f

P V

aw 6 b

0 I

K S

3

e

3y i

w s

y ts

3 u

387 372 330 304 284 270 269 238 222 164 152 151 151 145 87 85 84 81 73 47 39 34 30 25 22 21 16 12 11 8 7 4 4 4 4 1 0 0 0

STATISTICAL TABLES

478

Table 8.5 Proportions of Vowels and Consonants in Word^imtial, Word-final, and Overall Position for Letters and Phonemes, for First, Third, and Fifth Grade, and Adult Speech. First

Third

Fifth

Adult

.306 .403 .401

.303 .383 .401

.287 .379 .405

.294 .398 .414

.338 .265 .401

.287 .258 .399

.328 .266 .400

.383 .301 .405

.694 .597 .599

.697 .617 .599

.713 .621 .595

.706 .602 .586

.662 .735 .599

.713 .742 .601

.672 .734 .600

.616 .699 .595

Vowels Letters: Word-initial Word-final Overall vowel* Phonemes: Phrase-initial Phrase-final Overall vowel Consonants Letters: Word-initial Word-final Overall consonant Phonemes: Phrase-initial Phrase-final Overall consonant

* In the over-all counts for letters, y has been assigned 70% to vowels, 30% to consonants on the basis that only y-initial is consonantal and about 30% of the total y count is y-initial.

TABLES OF TRIGRAMS 8.6.1 First Grade

Tables of Trigrams First Grade

U65 504 th my

382 . a

322 ome

251 li

222 ow

1572 480 my the

381 um

319 so s a

248 tha ve

221 mo

1322 464 aid hen 1292 456 nd he 1267 435 ai ha e t 1010 he 433 ing 913 i 431 on 654 to 413 wh 643 wt 403 go 552 to 396 nt S46 her 393 es 544 en 389 hat 5)2 a 387 at 518 d l 385 wa 507 er

373 um 371 me 366 yo you 362 it 361 ng 353 e a 350 . i 336 do 333 e w 329 t t 328 we 323 e.

316 ere

247 e i

314 in

246 ts

308 n t re 306 is 293 in 292 U ut 284 as 282 ou 278 s. 268 ca 264 thi 257 t

245 ed 244 oth 243 it 237 ho 236 was 234 d i 229 e h

219 se 217 ot 215 t a 208 one 207 e s 202 be

192 n i whe 191 ave out 190 she

197 ne 196 d a now

136 fo no

170 ad kno

149 e 8 wha

108 W but 0 s

148 hi

184 use

164 t w

147 ba

183 e b

161 of

144 got

181 hey

160 ou

143 an

CO

159 ime ter

142 e m

179 ey o t

158 al

178 ke

157 di

141 is r. s i t h y m

156 8e ent tim

140 st uh t 0

228 sh

195 of

224 . w

194 all

174 et

193 on

150 e c

165 y-

176 kn hav

223 s t

109 e d eve

188 his

180 201 •y

137 121 (con t.) d h ike st

171 . t our

152 bu 8«

172 som

173 e o t i

155 sa go

138 d. ver

134 ur 133 d s eli had 130 lik uh 129 . 0

hin i w 128 d m le 127 e f n a 126 th 125 or 122 •y

ste 154 me

480

137 bi

119 br 118 eau 117 r a S 0

116 up hes 115 < g y t 114 s s wen

107 si . s mes 106 fr . h i h t s 105 pia 104 da

100 Pl ant g99 a b h. o g up 98 d w s h tie wer y b y s 97 ju 96 at er.

113 ee g t ght y w

103 tw ame aus its rea

94 ht igh 0. wel

112 wi e u so

y «

93 d u n w

111 im n. 110

fi

met

102 bec can 101 d o eca ont s w

92 ti u k 91 ma did ith

91 (corn.) t m 90 bro itt om way 89 re day don ers es. ran 88 lo iy m. two y d ys 87 n wit 86 t b 85 lay n h r t 84 ea ye ce gra oes

83 bo . m i c 82 com for id y f 81 wo bou hou mot 80 e1 hom oui t d wo 79 ld 78 U att ch i d 1t r h uld 77 fa se dnt ive m a ove own

481

T A B L E S OF T R I G R A M S

77

67

(coni.)

(COflL)

t U

ays ine

76 g a s m 75 m

t

74 cl te

big n s ool ous ttl 73 ab abo eti und y g 71

66 alce ft goi ree yea 63 . n a 1 cou hem oun r s too 64 ast

ist ng. o i s b thr

se

at. ck lit oin

63 not su w w

70 ev o m o w

62 pu dy y '

59 de dow h

e P min rot sta 68 h a m i me.

y h 67 . u

61 Ici ery kin 1. ry 60 le mi end ig ust

1i re.

t

ide n m nce 58 na d o

57 ov

Pe ra cho do hoo i 1 i s it. old res t f 56 im jus o h sch

52 oh ro ay eat eas ill m s o b r b s f s n w t 51 ri a c a s dad eah eth one t k t 1

tee wn

t g 55 e n fro nam ugh y c

69 . b

53

(COM.)

54 ne ack alk ate ath n o ol r w sis

50 cat dog idn 49 ar sw bab rie see swi 48 by e r ose roo t

53 ear him

c

tch tur

47 ot

al fou h i m w

43 39 35 32 28 (cont) (cont) (cont) (cont) (con

s 8 wim

0 0 oh r i tin ven wan

y o

y u

46 or ait eat ish les m h n y ndm ook rou 45 fe us any aw e e e y han Ics 1 a ore rom 44 eh la tu d y hre ind nin ny o p oom saw ss te 43 ni ate ne.

42 PO ds h m how ock s 1 sho 41 d b gs ien k a mor put say w. wat 40 a d cam din een em fri i t ies irt k. nd. no ty 39 add ah aid are doe ets

ff

g •

h o ed. hol eet loo n u man nds mom ns nly s r onl ow. 34 sai su awa t y ean 38 et. . d fat ess i k i u imm lot let m o 1k o a lly t e PPe ted r o ump se. sed tal 37 unt P> tr who ead h w 33 has a h ick » P off a t r d aby alw Tg fiv tar tho go 36 eep m m mon o d P a s d sh snt tak urt 35 cr g> ar e k

' P jum 1 o lwa u g w i 32 gu •g air bac ddy en. hos Is m g o y

r c ne rte w a wou 31 hu mu si ach boy mmi per s c ten wor 30 de

ir 1h Idn lie loc r f 27 bl g» ace ain ars ask car d c e j ep hir 1s 0 c ons s e ut.

P« d d dma goe hy 26 ite ani lac mmy bed o r bie 0 u cal em. oug r m ese f. six h h 29 hea un i m est ie Iiv hit mea °g ost nés ood P ° P t Prow rin unn sid son wal t r 28 une a g bir 25 aw bit cha if h u ol

24 25 22 20 19 (cont) (cont) (cont) (cont) (cont sp ee. esn ew g* i i if is. 1w nny omm on. oot ork orn ped ske sti ure 24 dr ei fu a r aid aug che der eig eie ett fa gb im. ins k i kes lee los m b mou ndy no. oke oil rab rig rni rs. s p tor

u c y1 23 eg a a a w abi ade ah. bal be d f dg d1 eac egg fei gue ix 1m low m u n e ngs oie ors pin rai rd ren rid san sto tel tra urn why 22 by el oc bra dp fis h b hs hai ink irs k t

lut las U. mos nk nt. ong or. qui r e rty ts. uh.* whi 21 11 ke ve . f a u ang aro i a ' j int n c nti oc! 00 oor pan r u tay til u w w m 20 as a. ass b. bea cke dy. el ext fie fun g P g s

ge

m

hor lin ma mbe med nde nex nge ol.

r P

red rt rtl sie uch ues w h xt 19

pr

sq . e ady aft bas chi col die dre fin fir

ft

gre ice iff ig1 u led Ion n f ner nig ns. nte ok poo r n squ tai

top tyu d 18 a f a m ano bun cks eli d e d n ept f h fy ff. ger hro ian in. ked mak mue ney nie nts 00. oon P i rei s y stu t n ton tty us ves 17 ag du . r bbi ber ble ck. eek fee g » g w h y

482

FIRST GRADE

17 14 7 7 16 13 12 6 6 U 10 9 9 8 5 (cOflL) (COflL) (conL) (cent) (cont. (cont.) (COflL) (coni.) (cont.) (coni.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (coni.) (coni.) bot hun ied ifd irr kL mad mal n b n g n1 ned nne nni oy pen r1 r r » j sin u s up. yn yes yin 16 ati dmo ds. eed els eyr fw gh bal har hoc i f 1b 1d m d m f mp nsi nto ny. og» op ope P« ire

rst st. sotie uff uir un uts wee yre

1S af j> Ica sn . c ail aim era dpa. fi f m fai ffe foo gir i 0 kit lan le. mas mpi neh ndp org rks rth sev te. th. tte twe u h um. wn. 14 ac au nu sk

.1 bla deb doo gd g m ht ion irl k h Uo Imo mil mov n d of od om. opp Pig pie rac ret sii tuf uth ved wai

y k 13 ru abb as. aun ce. do. eak ebr

ey.

fer gl hda hig hop i b inn ise jim my men ndr

new nis o e og. ond ots P» me run tea thd tre tti u. ull w s wy X. 12 en an. bil bod dif e v efo eir ete flo gav goo gro h c h p hei id. il ker 1 c

1 y lar lau lim

iy-

m n nev nut 01 ody ou. pre

ra ras rd. rn sh. »P tes win ye

y*

11 ce jo ad. aii alf arr avi bag bar bet ch. cri d r de. dol eft ene ens eop gh gar hf haw hed hic imb k o kat kee ken lad lef 1er lie lor m c mud n p n r nea

nee nty oda olo opl ort ott ows peo P" ryt ses spa sso tan tod tsi usi ve. vin w o ws

y rp y yth

10 lu

•j •P ami ane ank ari ash ban bef bon box bre cla de ero dia erd exi far fas gam giv hap ho

ich ift igg ils ima ke. kid kil 1f lev lif lki lia Us m p mex mis nda nim nke nyt oki oli ot. oys pas P vo a o a q a v acc ada ado adr agg agn ahu ais ajo ak al. aid air ana arg ari atz au auc aud awe axi ayg b a bbl beg beh blu bly bol

2

(COOL)

bub bug by. c b cad cap ced cey ria cit ckb eld cot coy cry eye da. dda dds dew dit dne dug dus dyb dyn e z eak eaw edn eds ege egu ehi eho el. elb ely enl enu epl epp erl ern err ert erv eta etb evi ex exc

2

(COOL)

eya eyl f j f n fiu hs fav fil fli flu ge» ggo ggy ghb gho gis glu gni gos gul gum hk hv hab hac hbo hie hih hmm hti htt hum hut hy. ia. iap ias iev ill

ihu ili ilt ilv inv ip. iso ito itu ivo ixt iza jam

2

2

(COOL)

(COOL;

jea jim jo«

nuk nvi nyg nym

¡or

kah kat kba led kle kni 1k lak Ibo Mr leb len lex Iga lia Bp liz Ike Ire m j maj mam mat mep mid mm mow mpt mum mus na. nae

nag nan nap nas nat nau ndf nee nim nle nno nnu nsw ntr ntw nue

0

V

oad oan oap obb oca ogi olf olt onn oos oro osh osp ote oxe pc Pg P " pa pad pag piz pon por pot PP> psi pty pud pum ra ra. raz ibr rcy rdl rey rge ria rib riv rle rlo rme rob ror rta

490

THIRD

GRADE

1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 l 1 1 (conL) (cont) (com.) (conL) (conL) (COOL) (conL) (conL) (conL) (cont.) (conL) (conL) rue rum rve ice tia tie ska spi

wis worn ws. wuh X i X. xe* xis

*ro tu tsr

ycl yd>

uy (b (UZ

ygr yla ymo yna za. zar zza

«y •ytap tat tau tew tfi tir tit tly toe toy tto tua tud tue turn tzo ua. uah ud. udi ue uka ul. umb ume uri urk urp uta var vey vie voc w 1 wag wbo

yet

1 ed «1 eu «h i. ka 0 vu vy aah aci adl adv ae. aeo afe afr agh ags ahd aii ale •Ig alu amy apb apr apt arp arv ago asu

asy atf atr ava awf awn •yb az. azi azy b c b i b m

dau dec dif dil dli dma dn. doc dod dop dor dpa

bby bew Mi bru bst

dti dub dve dyg dyi ea. eag eb ebi ebu ecr edd

bt buC

edg edt

c a c g c. caf cce cci cec

cdy eeo eer eew

cep ehl cht eig eim cin ckt clu coc ct. ctl cts cud

egeg" ego

bp b r b t b u bah baw

cul cuu cys d v das dat

eez efa eff

egs egy eid eil eks elm emo eol eor eow epb equ erf ero esc esk

etu etw ety eur eva evo ew. ewe ex. exa eyd eze f e f r

& fak fe fer fet ffe fie fix fina foe fol fhi fti film fur 8 j 8« gad gae 8at gegeb gel 8eo ggl gi gie gig gn gne gns god gog gor gua gup gus gye

h j hag hak hau hd heb bet hh hhh hi hi. hla hme hob hog hoi htw hu hue hug hup hus hwu > y ial ib. ibl ic. ici icr idg ido ieg iel ier ife iga igi ii ila ilk ilm ilo imo ims iny ior iou ipm iro irw isc

isy itf itl iva ix. izo jad jar JM jef jen jer joe j« jud jui jul juv kg k j k P k r ka. kir kos kso ku kul lai law lea Ids leh lfm lfr lix lm. lme loa lop lpe lph It. lte 1th lub lum lus m k m v mai mbl

mee meh

oev oft

mey mie mok

oga ogr oie oil oky olv omu omy oni onk oob oof 000 oop opi orl os. osi osk otc otg oww

mol moo mp. mph mpk mpl mpo mpu mse n v nar naz ncy ndp neo nep nga ngo ngy ni nil nio niv nlca nki nlo nna nns noo num nyb nyh nyo nys o j o z oak oal oas oba oby och odf odg odi ods oc.

oyf pd P e pf P P paw pbr pes pew pho phr phu phy pki pli pme pol pou pow pox ppl pse ptu puh pur que raf rai

rbi rcl rco rcr rdr rfi rfu rio riz Hd rlf rli rna rno rat ro. rov rp rpo ira rsh rsi rtn rus rvi rwe sac sal sap sav sba sef shh sk. sko sky slo smi smo sod sof soo spy suc sud sul swa ta teb tec tem teo

tgu thm tht thy ti. tid tif tiv tll tne toa toe toi tsk tso tst tt tt. ttt tue tut u b u y uac ubt uct uda ueb ued uge uhw uic uip uit ule ulg uli ulp umi upe uro urr usb uum uve uza uzi vol vom vou vu] vy.

W j w n waa web wfu wid wie wl. wsp wwu x b x k X 0 x r x s x u xac xce xci xpe xth xty y q yac yba ybe ybo ybu yd yee yeg yfr yho yst ywh z. zan ze. zi zie zli zo zon zos zy. zzl

8.6.3

Fifth Crade

492

Tables of Trigrams Fifth Grade

2620 709 th her

491 on

423 as

379 n t

310 my

276 t w

2010 638 the a

486 sh

412 now

377 Icno

307 my

275 lik

1578 627 he to 1480 620 nd e t

475 U 473 do

1479 617 an ng

re

1400 613 and d t

459 t t

868 yo

604 it

454 e a

862 i you

571 ha

451 wh

546 wa

449 ut

545 go

444 thi

540 en

438 e w

839 we 794 he 782 to 747 ing 734 er 710 ou

534 hat

461

435 so

529 es

432 s a

515 nt

426 ed

504 at

425 it

409 um . a e. 405 li um 404 ere ow 399 ve 396 she 392 hen 391 kn

376 in

302 all

273 ver

294 ey

270 of

363 was

293 me

268 d i out

358 t.

292 e h on

365 tha

347 we 346 . w 343 s. t a 337 ts

265 t i

290 •y

263 his

288 ike

261 ad

287 be 285 ell

260 ave 257 ye

389 e s

332 hey

284 ot

247 e 8

387 in

330 Ice

282 u k

246 CO so

381 is 380 . i

320 of 316 s t

280 ca hin 279 St

243 d s 242 no e i

238 ay eve one 235 hav 231 St 229 se 228 ome t o 226 d a 225 di

210 yea 208 bu or 207 mi 206 an 205 o t 204 d h 201 whe

fi

oth ter

220 ne

198 . t

219 al sa

196 fo

212 ent 211 our

173 (conL)

186 e c 184 mo ght S0 183 ee 182 e m s i 181 re t s

200

224 hi

213 e o

187 te e d

195 et 190 h. use 188 hes s s

180 uh . s wel

le

159 is n.

142 don som

172 ou ont

155 ge id

140 e P

170 had

154 ev get igh

137 wi

153 up

136 er.

151 r t

135 . 0 jus up

169 me 168 wer 167 ma ive 165 se g t 164 r.

179 got uh

163 ur y-

178 e b

162 wo but n i

176 n a t h 174 wha 173 eah

161 did rea 160 ab ju

150 . h ust 149 ba go oin ys 148 abo 146 bou for 145 ho ly 143 d.

138 r a

134 d w pla 132 ey 131 day 130 yw 129 bo ht 128 im its Id

127 ar d o su

und wen

126 P» eau ch y« y t

116 si dnt ith oui y •

125 e u goi

115 do

124 g122 n h 121 ays m. 120 dy o. th 119 ame »g 118 ft g » i w ove 117 oh rs

117 (conL]

114 any cou «y uld 113 s w 112 s h 111 ta w. 110 bec i d r s 109 art e f hem 1t ste way

493

TABLES O F T R I G R A M S

108 fir

aus oes yd 107 da eca kin ook 106 at . n ah d u

98 ro i h o g ree 97 bi au ce 0 s oh say t b

CTS

96 fa ki ti ck e r n w

ng.

o i

104 tw ach

ow. 103 lo

ant d m ime m t

95 us

eac 94 se

102 su him not y f

101 P» o h 100 s b t y tim y m 99 br can h t s u thr

om t u 93 or . u che e1 itt m a ugh w t 92 es. ist r h wit 91 ead met n s

91

(conL)

81 i 1

res tg

1. t m

90 est rou

80 g" na tr ake ear ty

88

ri

own see 87 em lay oun y h 86 . d h a hou it. mes o y tie 85 le pu s1 wor 84 ne ov at. tch too 83 . b eal sed tea 82 la ah. ate o a

79 pe al ss us ven 78 k. mis o b old ry

s m t d 77 . m how ny 76 are dow e e m w no re. 75 gu ack h i s y t1 wn 74 e n o m 0 w

(com.) (conL) (COIIL) (cant

74

67

(COOL)

ous r b tho ttl

ath lit u c

ran s c s p

73 a b 72 gr h re • g idn les min ood ose r w 71 ch if if ill ish m i s r te two 70 com ds rt 69 bro i t n m r i 68 P*

d b oug t k tar ten y g

67 a1

66 n y nam s f y ' 65 de a s aid aid dy g o inn n o 64 be sai y b 63 1 i

Uy roo tin y c

62 big doe ok ool sho t f w a w w wat yth 61 ink mot ork 60 a c 1a

60

wo 59 ate eth gs guy iss k a las Ue ted 58 ast ick 57 cl fro has hoo U me. o d r m rie 56 im po a t ain ayind s n sch 55 ot ar eat een ew ns t n 54 bac car cho ean

54

ess •g nk rig snt y o 53 ea alk de lin put rd sh t e tak 52 fe ni 1w man mea 0 0 P « r f 51 sp d g e k ets fiv ide ion ort wan 50 d e hea ir m s mil ne. ngs od on. P t pie r o

50

49 ga bal d f fat h m let nce 0 u oom rot t c 48 as der end hed ore par rin tte ure wou 47 cal cat e j fis gra ite m h mar off per rk rom tal u s w h w i 46 a p g i i s no.

45 by ett goo 44 af un ari fte h o i m n u pen sto 43 a w ace eek Idn u g 42 dr P« wr ark cha

ff

fir gir han ied irl uy y u 41 aro d1 goe h w har k i ody r d sis wee yin 40 ex ra

40

37

34

31

29

a d alw fy f. 1o lwa nde ock ope rit s d tee tel tes tic who

1 S loo lot oli ong g rst ryt tur y p

ol ade d c d d f h fou hos irs nés nts sti

Pr e r1 r P tri uch win y e

op r u rid sha sit spe w s yi

30 iv . f des eir hei ht. kes lac led If Ion m g m u n p nd. nds nte pos pro ron top ts. upp

28 ac el

(conL) (conL) (conL) (conL) (coni

39 h y hel ked lan nin ol ost 38 bod chi d p fi h h mon t P t r yre 37 en hu aft ars boy ese eyr fri g b g« hai i k ien k t

36 ke . e a f a h bab ble dad eet en. giv h u i c k o le. les 11. m o n f o c se. yes 35 ei air din ice int 1h nly onl stu sus u h ves 34 ag bl cr

33 boo gh h b ins lea r c r y

ssu tio tor u w 32 mu ati ber col eas eig eti h s 1u lk nyt r n rac ren 31 by a m dog is. mov n e nev nt. 01 o p

29 aw cu jo als ass awa em. foo ger ies im. irt i y Hi n b nig ond

fl

ano aug con dre ect eep ept in. n d nth one 00 ou. red rte rty s j shi tro u a u. ybo 27 -g a r fa i u 1b mad ms n g new nge oot P« sin str twe

484

27

FIFTH GRADE

25

23

(con t.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

UTS

ns. o e

lis m f m m mp nty oke por ppo rs. st. ump ute w o

won y n 26 ey fu sm a g alf ape ask cam den eop eye g w gh hir hro 1m m b m y n c opl peo ppe PS rse s e sur vin yy 25 sw ve amp ang bee ce. cke ens esn et. fee ic kid lar mak •nos nny

P ' rai rks row tti u 1

24 bot bre ch. ds. ext gl gav h f hol île liv Ils mer ned ons ors ot. oup r r rop rts ryb son sor tan tra u d u t w y 23 ce ayi clo die egg ele gh. hic • j ich itc

22 ja qu .1 a. act ago an. ase aye cla ed. ee. ek. ep eri f s gre ho i a i f ica ift nch 0 f om oo. pe poo rew sid six ull une usi ut. whi

21 . c abl am aw cks d j era fin gf g u hil hom hur ie k h k w ld. low m d mit nex oh. oss P o pie sev sup torn try ues xt 20 op ash cle d n ero ff.

fif gin gro h1 hai hap hy ' P ily isn 1er llo m 1 mbe

20

(cont.)

mom mor rda rie rk. ris sic swi toi tud ve. 19 ad eg sk tu aga app era cti d r e v enc ene gai hor hun ids ire ken kit lki lia nis nto ol. ona ott pap rob san sen ton ual um. unt urt wal why wri ys.

18 a a ami ck. die dol ece emb eme exc fun ge hot i i ian inu ix jum k y kee 1c m p med oda oks oon ord pin pre raw rd. rds ret rri tba tod u m ubb up. upl y j 17 aby ad. ane bas ces cky cre eco f f h g hit

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

10

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont.)

(cont.)

ilk

g y ham id. idd ini îrd ita ks. loc mal nni nti nut ovi oys pel pic pul m roc ros rt.

h p il ise k s 1n 1 r los lso lymem mic mid oat org om pan pee rad rat sat saw ses sum u e urf w m ws xce yar

gd g e gsh d hme

lec ley lub m j mmi n n nal nat ndf net ney o n opp ouc ows ph pra pri que mi sec sio sse sty tat thm twi uck vis

g c gue hs ial imm k m 1f lat m n mas mig mou mps n r nee nic nor oba oni oor ots pou rsd sel tev tty udi ved vie w c wro y k yer

fra

atu avi bra cid ded do. doi eba eni ert eyd eyl

sea ser sne sun tie tiv tiy u r us. utt w d wic wre

1g 1 1 lev ndr od. oie oy ped rec rem riv rl rth s k sda ske sma ss. ssi sua sub t j tai thu til ufT unn usu uys w b wil y r 16 ae am sn P acr ads ady ail apa bea bes bri dea dra dri efo fam

SCO

sh. spo stl te. th. tre umm urn wed wim yed yon 15 ai lu ya arr asn bet cep cro earn ebr el els erd f m g m

14 je a n a u acc adi aki am. ans am bad bbe bef bla bly boa cut ddl eng em f w fac

'P iti ky 1 d mme muc n j nda ngl nit o r og owe ris roa ryi sk ski tam tay ths tuf ty. u p ung usa uts ye

13 du vi a y anc ary bio dge dis err f b f o fig heb ier inc ivi kne

12 ru ait ams ato bel bir cia cki cor ct dfa dro ea eci eck ek enn fp fer fre fty

11 ah ap gl si . r a i age al. arl bar bed cen cie dan eit ete few

g «• gar gg gol gon h c h e hig iff k u ke. kep Is. Ise na ngi o k oad of. ogois ori

ote pal pet ppi ps. rgo sal sci seb sle u b ud uit war wn. yd yei 10 es id va add ae. ael air ar. arm att

g P gla h r hae hte ict ida ign ild ina itu jap jec k b lee Iks Ire m c mb men mus nci nst nus ny. nyo oma omi p w qui ra ram rio me rok rre rti run ryscr

9 ed ze • j alt arh b. bit bje bus by. cer du coo cto ctu de. die div dmo dy. eed ecz eks eno erm esi evi ewo f1 fal fel fib gam gge ggs gl' go.

495

T A B L E S OF T R I G R A M S

8

9

8

7

7

(cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) ( c o n t )

hip hum i r ia iou k r ket lau leg lim lip lun mat mew mpi nel ndm ner nta

oft oms orr otb oud P c rV rha ril riz rm rpo sam set so. sof swe sy uu ub ubj ubi un w u wai woo 8 au il abs ahe alo

ani aw. bat bbl bby bse bub bun buy cot cri ddr ees eft ein elf emi ems epo exp fai fle flu

ft

ftil g n gto hee hts hua ie. iec job kil 1 j lai lef lem If. lie It

lue lve may mpe nk n 1 ngt nne noo oci ok.

oki oli oof orm ory oy. pb pec poi ppy r k rep ria rip rly m. rno sig sou td to. tou ui udy uh. umb ups uri uy. wis yll yu 7 em oc ok oo a k a q adi afr agg aim ann ara as. aud aun ban bik bil

bli bon box cas cee ein coi cub cus dec dif doc doo dry eak ebo eel eer egs eli elo elp elt elv ew. eze f c f d f r f u far (Te g g geges hik huh >g ir. isi izo k d kay kel lad lak Ids lib Imo lor m e m r

mac ndi nea nei nou nsw nyw oar obi oct ode oka onn or. ori owi p r P s P u pup py rag ras ray rfa rke rid rma rso shu ta no U 0

uni urd ush uss vor yti ze zon 6 ee mc nu vo yu a e ae ak aid

6

6

5

5

5

(cont)

(cont.) (coni.)

(cont.)

(conL)

ali ank atz avo b i b o bor

lov lt. meb mei nia nie nk. nki o j obb odg ogr ogs oye

1k U lam lyn mau ms. mse mys na. ndy nhi nif nos nve ob oky omb op. ops ore ouv

uar uth uve val vee w1 wea wet wli

c.

cco di cur d V ddy dee dir dly dur dys e q edd eon eps exa ey. fas fav

ffi

fie fit ghe gle i 0

ibi ic. i et igg il. imp inn ips isc k c k f kat kle 1e lde Idi len lie Ike lou

Pf pai pam T j rgi rib ro rod rog rol roy rro rry rta rtz scu soc tit tow tsi tzo u f ubs ude ula urr vel w e w p wav wes wo. worn xpl yet 5 ci

OW

. k abb abi adr aig aie arg arp aso asy atd awl ayb ayg be. bos c t cap coi cil et. d k dig dod edi eem enh ere esk fg fbo fla fol ged gg> ghi gun hie hob hov hri hs. hut ibr ili imb ims ixt ize joi ker

P 1 pat pay pépia pop pot pus rar rch rde rdi ref rei rfb rge rto ryo sep sna sno spi SSO

sts suc tab tep tli tru tt. u y

X t X.

ybe ygr yn ywa 4 ay ka ph a j a o abe acá ado ag ahu aia ais alb ana ap apr aps arv asi aum avy aws b a bau bei beu bie bom bov bui bum cag cdo chr chu

4

4

4

4

3

(cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.

chw cio cop cte ctr cy eye dar deb dia dne dus eag edn ege egr el. eia eld esd eta etc eul eut ewi eytf f e fie fli fly fur gat gn gua gui gus h k h n he. hec hih hop hti hwa hy. i b iah idi ifo ihu ils ino

iny ip. ipp irg irp isa iso ium iza jay joe joh jud key kic ky. 1P lah law Iba Ico lif liz lop med mee meo muí nai neu noe nsi nyb ocl oe oge ohn olf o'lm olo oís oop OOS

orp os osi oub ox pas pes pit plu

ra. rei rev rki rov rtl rub rum rve rvi s z sar sem sme smi soo spa swa sy. tV tac tern thy tis toe tog tut tz un ua uah ub. uda ue ue. uil unk ur. urv utr vac vie vir vol w f wev wid Xm X 0

ycl yeyno

yos yst zar zer 3 et hy i. oa ty adw agu ale ama amo awe awh ayn b d b y beg beh bs bst bur c b e o ca cab cca cem cet chs eis ckl ckn coa ctl cup dah ddi deg dev dio dit duc dwa ebb eda edg edo

edr edy eff ehi eim emp ena env epe epp erf erg eri erw esp etu ety ex ez

n

f k f n fea

ffl

flo gay gor gos h j hak hda ho. hoe hty hyd hys i n i.

ia. icy idg iel iev ife ifi

igu iin imi iod ipl isy itd

FIFTH GRADE

496

3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 (cont.) (COOL) (coot.) (conL) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) ito

psi

uly

bin

jef

pte

une

je* J« jul

pub qua

uns unu

blu bma

epa equ esh

boi bs.

etw eur

bu

evo

kg k 1 keg Ick llii kna kyo Ibi HT lia 1>K lk. lib lo lp lp, Ite lue lum lyi m k mag n v nag nap nkl nle nob ntl nur oak

ral rap

ura

rce

buc

exe

ixe

ngu

wei wns

c a c h

eyo

jac jam

nim

rga rgu rif

x a

c 1

xac

c P c r c s cav

rle Hf rm. rmi rms rpe rtm s V

sea sil siv siz sks sli spi ssl stc stm stw ta. tee tgu thd

xag xes yda ydr yU yse ysi z. zed zo zy 2 eu hm 'y sq sy ur wy a v ab aba adj adu aff

ola orno

tma tme

aks ala aly

oph ora osfc

toi tok toy

anu apt art)

ot| oti

tst tub

asl atr

owb ox.

typ

ayl azy

P«• pb r

iva ix.

ndu nee nfe ngr

reg rf

tia tif tir

P T

isl itn

ncy ndb

usy vil

obo oil

P* PM

iot ipe

» j uba ugu uie uin ule

b s b t ba bbi bia

cea eel chd cip ckb cru cts cul d q d z da dac dam dau dav dbo dde del dep dfi dju dop dot dru dub eau eav

fe fe. fee «y

«

fos fth gas gea gen geo gg ghb gU gic git gne goa gry gur h q ha.

jel

uma ume

rli rna ms ro. rpi

niu nix

rra

un. uni uoi uro urp use uti

noi nsh

rus rwi

nsu ntw

ryd sel

k j k n

0 v oan

k P kba ki

ob. obs

seq shm sie sir ska

vid vou vy vy. w g w r

sla

W

slo sni squ ssy sud sue

w z wag wba wif wiv wow

sui tap taw tax

wy

oce

kip koh kya lab lag lap Ibo

odl oha

Idf Idr

opt

hdo hez hib hmm

lo. lus

hon hue

lut lyu ma

• y iam

ul.

jet joa jok jun

Idy lid lio lix lm.

hbo

ri riu rky rl.

oia oko onf ono onv oru osp ota oxe oyd oze

tea tet til

pd p T1 paw

tne toa tso

phi pil

tt ttr

pio pip pol pox

tts tuc tue tun

pti pur

tys tz.

pyquo

uag ubm ucy ud. udd

van vat veg

V

x s x w xch xer xpe xte xth

1

1 1 1 1 1 (cont.) (cont.) (cont.) (cont) (cont.)

cy er f

bak bam

gh ic

ben bev

\>g ir

bib

j' 11 mm od oy

bi bic bip bob bow bud

py ug yv

bye bys c f

zu aas aci acq acu

c i cce ccr ced chh

ada adn

chl chm cht chy cif cir

aes afe agi agi agr ags aha aii aim akf amb amn

cit ckg

dom

foi

hns

dou doz

fru ft. fud

hoc

k e k k

hsh hth

lea. lean kfa kgr

dst dua dul dum

fus

hup

fy fy

hus i e

dut dve

g j gad

dyi a.

gee gem

• q iag iar

eap ebe

gey

ebu edl eds edu ef efe eg eho eil elc emo enj enl eo

cni

eor

CO

eph epl

cof cok cos cov cow

epu erh erk

ggy gha gho ghs g«e g» gio glu giy gn. gna gnm gns gob gop gri gum gup gut gy h v haa hab

icu ido ief ifl ifu ige iia iki ilm ilr inj iol ios ipa ipt iqu ire irm iro isd isg isk ism

y v yeo yle yo

ase ata

eta cud

erp esc eso etr eum

atl auk

da. dab

eva ews

yok yor

aur aut

dai dal

ype ypl yro

awn ax axp

das daw

eyb eyn eyv

ywh z a z s

axt ayo

dd dds dew

ezm fak

hi hla

jed

ayr azz

dfu dim

fed fen

hmi hmo

jen

zee

xtr xty

apare arf

cqu cry

hac hag hah haw hax

iat ib

ma. mai mb.

g 45 lot tak opl u g as la peo up wan • P pro ee sn yd tf log y» ri ted 50 t 1 39 eyr wou g > y g g" um ind 44 an ow thr is kid und n w n h yre ous n o say oae 49 sb a1 43 w t ine gr 38 she a s bee ar 48 o d on. o s ook at tk> ork gu mi yth tin ri »j 42 t g ds mor cl tim ree ays ven ss dnt 37 too f i i1 fa 47 ol ati ood che Pi ate » g etc er t U got hw hy ime 41 k. pU ti lea ut d h muc ngs u w es. per fy 46 hoi r w mu i y »y ame men te two d u rig e u sti im y o 36 iv las nee ni

27 25 22 36 33 29 (cool (coot) (cool) (coot) (coot) ac a b wo ed. ked y 1 ace min ang ach gs 24 bac day 32 guy nip han ody d ett ast de ick oL dow h h ect ot lin end liv s d ph ead m t fro nev tee ack gra me. k a r h um. car hal s m y b d f hy pre lit eas km sf oh t r s h tal 26 eri lie tur um u 1 urs •g ese n f w a id ns u. yf gy hil ord y c wn «P 35 y P aid ho« ran mis rat ass 31 ce. 28 e j nly ses Me da chi ex eek o c six P* ht. eme a c pu «• P ss. ard un hum red ttl ic anc ien rs. uy who dy hie aro 1 0 s p w m 34 i k why d p n m tic m a der »eg u s dT 21 ou. egr ok ain 23 ad alk p«y h o rom fu br goo ren hre rt gro s 1 ica na bli rty ki s r ide s c PO cam dd kt stu idn s u ali eke f a 1 a syc Ian snt f. °gy w w man y y dis old e k giv y n oes ych ope 25 ge hm Pt ort sur app gin ice cU gre is. 30 ost tP 1 w u d bl own col 11. rf con loo lif whi en rie d 1 n b Iwa jo 33 ov rse d m n e ned bi eat sho din nds o 0 dri fe nes ole Ug tar onl con itt fer nt try ite nta r y g0 ns r o san ks on 27 les ra mos ret tra mes rd od tes us ay- n d ryt sin bod ne. t e vin tte 00 ten y e tn y n> cal tea ck pen tie yin tel 29 i i rob uni wee a t ids sai

20 ae ag am ade bet dn ee. ele fun hea hro ivi 1 m •y nge oU orm r b rc r1 se sio son ue 19 ce ei 11 ol .m aw act alw ber fin fte ful ho ich Ik Ion nd. nde no. nto nyt ou put rst sh sse twe

17 15 19 16 (cool) (COOL) (COOL) (COOL ues uh. unt wat 18 af qu ro sw eks fir fou fri gb g1 hei hop «j ir ko 1d If mg n 1 nig oe of off sed sel St. tor 17 sm .r a r aki ans ath by ct ev en. ets exp gw ger gir hu hap

ies irl in 1 s Is mi med ng obi ong ons rd rm rk sat sem SOT t j

sec tat ts. tti ua usi y " ybo

15 ea ga ty •g .1 ad ah a. age 16 bef by big ke cee dc .e abl dep aft doi ar. eco ces eel cba eep cul efo de «g ded em. eir enc eli fc fee S hb he ish ife job ins ken iol kee lg 1 h lar lac le. lor lis mA m h mar mbe mat mer may mon mil ms np op ond rda or. rem sc. pe pin spe

tan tch ton tri typ um ula yr ysi 14 es us ari ash ate atu bal den doe eci elf eft ew Be gf g» hit inc iti ity ixt 1b lp 1u Idn let lli loc lov ms mem ner nk. nts nty 00. phy rn rad ro sV

ADULT

502

14 13 12 11 10 (cont.) (cont.) (cont. (cont.) (cont.) sit sto Str tre u j urf us. ut. vel w h w y yes 13 cr il a a am ayb bab bit ch. cia clu d g eet enj ep era ext f s fic g c gue h d h f ham huh iff in. isc joy Ices los nic nio nit njo nut o k o 1 orí

Oti P « ppe raj ríe riv rte rti ssi swi til tol tty uit urd ves wim won ybe 12 ago air ami amp bas ctu d r dif do. edi eem elo f f f 0 hg har hys iat ild ior lig mal nam nex nti ock od. oup ppos r e

rde rki rn rysen sou tru u b ual ul w b xpe xt 11 ap ey • j P a r a n acc adv ae. ane ano ary ase att cat clo ddi des die ea ciub ems eng eni epe ete eti eye f h g P g y gam go. g* gyh 1 h n

him i r ial •g ile im. isn ize ket 11

lay leg low Ive m w n u nal nee nst ogi ris

me ryb sha sid so. sup te. tua uat urb ute uth ved w s wil y k 10

aw P> . c aga ape ark as. ask b. bad cie ere d j

dea el els emo esi esn f w fel g m gen ges has hed hon icu isi Ics. Ike lou mot mov n c n j new nny nyw oot org orn ors oy pas PS r g ron rso rue scu shi sig smo ta tud u p ue. uff un upl upp wal war win

9 9 (cont.) am o r cu OCT du oni ae oom ajo oor ani orr ato awa ory ouv bje ped bio pho boa bon ppy bor py qui boy rec die ds. "S eed rge rim ein rke ene roe ens row epa rri era rta et. ser fe sfe fra soc fre sue gh sum gai swe ghi n tai tme ici ied to. ign ty umm inn unn iss ix uve w c jec jor w d 1f wea 1n wis 1 r yer ywa Ut law ze lec 8 maj mme op n r yu . f ngi nne a v alf non nsf an. nth aye o n Wy

8 8 (cont.) (cont boo bri bus cit cs cti cts d k dec dol eav eba ege dp ept eta exc f d f m far fie fif fly gd h r i a ics ilt inu k w Id. 11a llo Is. lub mmi mog mul nch ncl ndi ny. oba one orl ot. owe P« phi ppo Pt pus

rac rel rid riz rid rma rtm ryi sea seb spa spo sub t v twi u n u r ude udy unc ung uys w o w u xty yed ypi yu 7 ai nu

zo

a o a y adu ail al. als arm avi aw bed beg buy cco ced cis ck. cor era ct.

7 7 (cont.) (cont.)

Cto cus def del dge doo dua due dy. eg« eit ela eld ely eyv f P fac fes ff.

g u geo gic gn gua h c h k hel ia idd iel ifo ift

ige ili ima imm ise k1 ke. len liz lis lto m b m o mag mus n n net nks nni nor

ns. nse ntr ob ob. og ois omi ona ows pan pay pe. poo por qua que r r rbe rbo rds rks rl rls rly rmu rni roo rot rov rry rth rts sev sic sk sla sy tie tiv tuf ubj ud up. vee w1 wai ws

yr*

yve zoo

6

ah au em oc ru si wr a i add agi apa aso asy ayi bel bro cid cio coc dit dod dva dve ece eor erf err f1 Bi fiv

g e g r gegon he. hia hip hus i. ¡an ic ict imp ina

g ila imp iny iod ips ir. ire irk irs isk isy itd iti ium ker key ky. lam lat Ico Ids

Ige lip lit lk. los lty lug lum lus lve mas mi. mix mom mor mos mpe mps ms. mud nas naw ncy nda nde ndy ney nga ni. nne nue ods ogs oil olf ols omy oon oot op. orb OS. ote oup owd pal pea pes phy pig pit pt.

pts pus ra. rag rah ram ray ree rgy ria rms rna rog ron rps rta rue rug set sis sit sly sor SOS ssy sta ste sy. tan Ur ti. tin til tte tub tys uam uce ud. uge uit uls uni uns urn urt usk val vey vie wed wet

535

8.9

TABLES OF TRIPHONES 8.9.1 First Grade

* In theae table* a caret ( A ) indicate« a tpace: Note that diphthong* are indicated by two synbols to that there may be four symbols in the triphone tables.

Tables of Triphones First Grade

424 .aeri 340 •m. 319 wen 252 .en 249 -W 248 ebe 247 ber 246

-ay

190 ?em 189 r.. 184 ter 183 sem 176 .may 173 ..a» 167 wcn 164 er.

140 m.. 139 .em 134

..? 130 nbe s.. 129 -b 125 d.. 124 -wiy 122

-y 232 t.. 221 .we 214 ben 206 -?e 205 Z204 wez 191 n..

163 ste 160 iy.. 155 .hiy nb£ 151 taym 142 . wE 141 ..e

119 layk en. 118 wer 117 .bc haev 114 ..h 113 and 111 er.

110 ber 108 ene 107 enb 103 aenb 102 .be pl£y 100 haed 95 .be 94 nwiy 93 £n. ent 92 Oiq bis bae? 91 tywe 90 erd ?aen 89 ens

87 ..m ow.. ver 86 del erz

73 _yuw big grae baet ayhae

64

56

aede

-bey ..b hiyr uw..

62 g at enn

72

61

.bae down fer

for

.se

mtay

-?ae kem

zen

est ayke Eybiy

lyhae 83

meb 82 ..s maym 80 ide 79

71

ist wiyw

60

¿en.

nd. ren

70

9«

e.. ayme

inb its 1..

nne ?we

yen

eze 77 howm kez 76 ..n 74 aymz

54

-y£

Enw fre owve

ayga

-Jiy

ine emt eniy

tse ere Ey..

enw aen?

bre ers

Enay

m.w n£ym

.now may. now.

78

..i

Qteg we? em.

59

69

55

-£n ga? ir). bet erg aenn tyst 49 daed Eniy mayf nhiy

her mmay nte rawn wim wiyh amp ern aeni 45 Ent in. now. 44

nwe w£l

n£n raem

48

wet

erw

kin

erne

«ve ?en

ken ksn

end enow

den

57 ber End min ner enay ez.

der

50

46

nde nnay

-ye mayb

65

sen erh

be. eli eft

aenay aywe

.sow en.

egow

.?ay haws sis skuw

bfyb io sik

did dawn

53

din

51

be? it.

58

66

art

47 .tuw

one erk

68

67

52 (cont.)

reb ebaw

538

52 .in k.. Iid rem swi wi6 zin

m.b tem yer eri et. «ne aets

nye ren swe el. ?e. 43 -it ..ow fte n.c nn£ aydow

42 iks owwe tes beb enh lyga 41 -ke .ayh ..d

39 (cont.) aybr 38 -ayd .ayw Eve fr£ inn l?W 1er

£nn [as mayd n.e nmay nam ben

Orty egt

bes enz erb

ekl ezi iyw£

40 -ayg

n?e per rwe riyl tar

37 miy. n/iy

ike

nayg

kte no w w nen

owld

ven wiyg bem 39 .?£ ade n.?

twe emay 36 bet Enb

9£? imi n.b

nit

nts ntuw

tep bew

SEd wiyk

e.e ede

z.e erb

epl

TABLES OF TRIPHONES

35 .ta -Wl at« En? Erz mayg tcyk s 34 .ayl -aym aòe baw? diy. int mays nsa r.e sta ted eke aenw aydi 33 baak daz £ks cr. £vr fa6

g-

haef mar n.w r.e z.e a-? a?. ayde ly.w lydi 32 .bi ..t gowt in. kEym kuwl m.h nat niy.

32

30

27

25

(conL)

(conL)

(cont.)

(conL)

rz. raen t.? aka ewEy aediy ayda aylay 31

-g

..k bik bad dam das EL Er. hiyw Ian m.a man men ndiy na. rayd ts. tan yuwn el. alz eng erm ets ?En 30 diQ deb Eni gan m.ay nayw teb tiyn 6ek abi e be at. e?e aygE aygr

23

.Or ?.. rse .ay. art bEd ?ts te. gEd mam ben vny 29 z.? n.s dag .di zeb nyuw dev ear .fa niy. Ere ehe a? ins Pbawt emm r h e i?t fayv ems no kse gowz emO rte kud howl emiy stEy miyn saen (am enm nin klow eny tel nst mir) wEr tyze neg mayn lyen /lyz nek nhae uwnow alb ne& r.? nas 6ef 26 r&a abe rz. tsw api nyt -g£ am h .ayk aym. sin aysi sky ep. -J ask biyz Eywe t6e lygow ude aykt d£y. Ed. ?.e wud tyke Ets ?may yce 28 fen bap 24 f.. gad ediy hiyz it. .gow enl koz .he eny ksi m.m luk en? .ays m.? ..f eri nz. nayk mBi ..0 awe ownl miy. aks aens rze miye at. awt. tuw. nz. ded Eymi neb iy.? wed Ete pen hiz wiy. 22 ruwm hiyk ate aynow t u w . .Ev ind iijk aywE zte -hi .er lyda ars ize lyz. emi ker ard Eny ent ket 27 e?. I6e fU awn. n.ay gowi da. aypl kar dep nat gen owm. ks. ly.e zer gar lyz. m.c haez arn mzay 25 &Eyw mayt kel .an n&Ey enE ni? -6i erf rde nays

19

22

20

(coni.)

(conL)

(conL)

n?. sayd tel ta6 yuws òed &eh adi ada eia ani ave «ma aenm awn. ay. m

Ene ini is. i?. kiq kit kayn laes liYmhow mayk ndEy nlay nliy nm ntay niys owniy own? owte s.a ske sow. til tst teh tuwe waC wak wiys znEy ztuw &Eyk emb ama enö enk es. esiy evò e?w aemp awte ayk. Eyke lyrz lysE ?.? ?te

dit deg diy. grty gz har keb l.e lEys min nd. ndi nEv niq nel pel r.h rdiy rst t.e t.e tin tny tak Jiyw zmay ar. ebEy ehe epe eraw eray erEy ez. ed. ens aet. aws. aws. awt. aygow ayma aysa

21 .e. .ayn .?i d.e dag Ede inh IQZ

ita iz. Iiv m be mz. n.h nEk rtiy slay Stl tuwb wiyd z.w &iyz e.w egr etay aesk ayfa uw&e 20 -de .fa .ka .lay

19 .eb

£ygz

lytay 18

.he -Je ats b.. Ee.

539 18 (conL)

17 (conL)

IES lowz im. Iz. itw mal lev maye mfr nsay mows n t mem nan mcyk nòe n.m new ngE nayn nniy owst neh owwiy pin nay. naym pta paen ri h r.w rad rayt ny. riy. saz tap s.? SEV tsi tew ski soww ann eday ts. ••1 tak esw tat tuwm eye aw?& vam ayd. Jiyg yuwk ayje ayke zfte ayne e.& eduw lybe elb lyte ?.w emz ere ?&e aema 17 eze .way awde ..r awnd bil ayli Car aymg d.w Eyhe di? Eyks dayd Eywi ly.e de gowd tyke lype ig lyr. izm ?in kid ks. ?òe kst gEs ig-

16 .me .miy .na .pu .ray .asm -?OW

biyk Enz Eri f£l

hiy. ige iliy iniy ise kaet kuwe Id. Ide m.d msk m«i mer mayh na? nis nep nayt owmf pud pan r.s rhaw rmay mi rtuw rum riys siz str stuw swiy te? z.h zwe art e.k e.s ebiy ed. eda eka

540

F I R S T

G R A D E

16

15

14

14

13

13

12

12

il

11

10

10

(coat)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(corn.)

(conL)

(COÇL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

M l

skw

dey.

trty

ed.

•maw

lad

anp

etr

SL

ediy

tan

edi

anf

lin

an/

8W3

stiy

£mm

v6a

en;

ayuw

Iz.

ana

flay git gud

ayfr

aiy

tnh

wiyz

eriy

azw

Iiys

apt

aymay

ten

Evi

/iyd

fya

aza

m.g

atey

ayn.

taf

fai

yuwr

fayn

azay

mar

atuw

ayt

tuw6

gow.

z.s

gin

abi

mad

awiy

ayyuw

uki

hed

Zlt

goww

aniy

maw6

azt

eyki

vin

htyd

old

h an

ast

meyd

a?6

diyw eft Erw fiyt g raw geym idiy ifr ikow ina ini isd ivz iwa izd in ken kil kla kra kwa ked kiyp lat lif III Ian

ras riyw s.s show sid snow sowm spa St.

ityg

Z.&

ly.h

vak

isb

an6

hiys

aTt

n-J

ak.

lytn

win

isw

Omay

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ayst

ngow

anb

lyna

IZl

6a?

is.

ayOi

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ank

lyr.

Jiyyuwz

i8m

adey

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ay a n

ns.

at.

tyve

zal

k.a

aga

Jim

Cydiy

nti

aw?t

lyam

zap

kal

ahaw

k.a

eym.

naf

ay.a

?a.

ant

ka?

ala

let

ly.m

myb

ay..

?iys

a..

Iak

•nb

mpi

lyliy

owda

ayku

60WZ

lowv

an6

mwe

?tuw

owm.

ay?.

6ag

Iak

ap.

nka

Qin

ay?a

-fay

abc

lag

arp

nli

r.6

eyda

.ha

amw

leyi

ass

nowh

.biy

riz

iy.s

.«h

avi

l£yw

asa

n6i

.dow

rkl

lybr

.?3

awa

awi

nad

lyge

azm

a?ay

ow.w

-gr .hw

rney

..a

iiym.b

riyd

lysa

amiy

ez6

mz.

anh

ow.6

-huw

s.a

iywey

arti

aev.

muwv

atò

piO

.ow.

sez

uwst

a7t

a?w

ndr

a?b

puwl

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sriy

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est

aw?.

niz

ay.ay

r.b

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sar

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gows

aykft

nnow

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rsi

.at

tlQ

?t.

hiyg

aymiy

nsow

aym.

ran

braw

tsay

?ap

ima

lyt

nftiy

aywa

sta

bak

tuwb

iQi iije

uwl.

nav

lyn.

s6a

bas

vit

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nayh

iyaò

sab

d.?

vab

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iz.

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niyv

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sal

dan

wayd

.ak

k b

?e?

niyw

?-6

sap

d6a

wiyp

.8V

n?t

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tta

diyz

/uwz

tuk

ebr

yuw.

-I a.. aka

15

kn 1.«

14

ownn

13

12

11

Iak

.fr

owzt

t6e

en.

z.b

leyd

.ga

p.a

.de

tiye

enm

af.

apa

liyp

.haw

put

.iz

wan

epa

aki

arh

m.s

.kl

piyp

.si

wiz

esw

alw

biy.

miz

.ka

rdi

.at

gowa

ala

d.s

mayl

.nay

red

-ayy

i Jiyh

him

ara

d.a

nu

.se

rks

ala

yag

han

Sin

den

ndz

.31

riym

bit

zas

hiyh

6al

dta

nney

-6iy .ayp

s.w

dal

ar.

id.

9-1

dz.

nowb

sda

deb

ata

idi

aba

dak

ow.a

..1

soway

dis

6eyh

'iny

af.

dat

owtq

ar.

ste

dra

6iya

in?

agi

els

Qka

bla

t.ò

dar

a.a

aki

esa

rab

bal

ter

deyw

a.ay

i/. ksd

als

et

riya

dif

tmay

duw.

abay

l.b

alt

e?.

tiyv v.. viz wi& g*geyv wiyr her yea yak hit hat ytyr iqp yuwg ism zhaw zan iti klay zam kas aka l.w awiy 1.? 6ey. a.h Idi lef ama br anr laym ar? leyt azh m.y a6i a?m mis m pa adt amm map may? a n j nar ate ner a?s nha ayown ayan nij "n8i aye& nan eymd nayd lyfie lydow nayl niyh iyja n?n lyn. owme ?.m ownh 10 owz. .ar rd. -br rfr .sk rgr .a? rga .ayow reyd reyt .aye riyb a?. sen bak sow6 bri t.b bag tit biyf tmiy biya tsn d.6 tayn diz

m.f mba mga mowv msi mza n.f nde nhi nowi nowe nsi nsiy niyk niyt owsw ow6e pig rba rga rgow rme rsk red

SWC

sas t.s tbi thow tsk tiy£ tuwg ver VII)

wat wan wey. /iyk iiyl yes yuwd Z.l

zde zis agz alt alow Odey &em 6eys e.d ebr ed. efl eh. ehow eha el a eia elay ere erO ese ata ata etiy

TABLES OF TRIPHONES

541

10

9

9

9

8

8

8

8

8

7

7

7

(conL)

(cont.)

(COIIL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

szb azd azz a?. akt amay any ath a?d

dmay dwa dya dyuw dal dew da? dat d£yz diyp duwi £ns ftiy fawn haw ift ik. tld imm inp iQd iQO

zowl zsa zal z&a za. zag zayw ak. al. aró 0-« ar? r.k a.b r.ay rba a.p rd£y ab. afr nt rlz afa rmi akr ral alw r&£ am£ emow ral ama ras rak ap& r£yb atft rtyn •way riyn azr azs s.6 skr ala sowiy a s a ayduw ssa stay ayks aymy ssa sak ayt. siya fyba t.m £ydi tik tyki lyku ta trae typl tsh lyviy tsm uwka uwl. twiy tar uwli tuwt uwzt wiyl ?how /iys ?ka ya. ?al ?an yap z.t ?al zga ?ayd zha 8 zhiy .b£y Z1Z zlay af

rsw rwa rwiy rar rav s.b sbi sdfy scp Slt Sil smay sowh stw s£y. t.f t-W t.ay thi tha tsb t&a tav tuwh udi uds ukt um. v£n vad w£w WlJ wad wal wam was wfy. wiyt yuwm z.f z.m zgow zhow Zl? zny zad zak zaz zawt zayg z?a oda

ard awi azay 6row 6wa Oawt 6a0 a.f abl afi afa aha eje ak£y el£y aliy amf amk am? enj apu ara ar; as. asn at£ av. azg azn adt an. ape avi avt awna awn? ay.b ay.w ayd. ayki aykEy aymn ayms ayn. ayte £yk. £ymb £yma £ys. £yt. tyvi ty.b

iy-f iyfay lyiz tyks lysk lysa lywu tyfli uwbr uwg£ uwgow uwh* ?.s ?it ?W£

dak dha dtuw dza daf daf dah dawt dfyay diyd diyg duw. d?a £lft £rm ftf friy fam fiyl gar giv gow. gowh gow& gny gwa hm. ha. ham hap hiyf hiya htya igb igow im. inw ina irjb irjm 100 IOS isf

kat k&e kai

«?m

awnt ay.6 ayfa aynd aywD Eyin Eymz £yta ly.k

lyfa iyl£ lymEy 103 lypi IS1 isk lypa lysi iss izf lyal izh iy6a iy?e l?3 uwmay kmay UWW8 kra ?.b kwi ?.h lit lows ?sa ?wiy Iwe ?ab lab ?£yt layn mu o 7 m.p maz .da m£k .day .kíy mma .n» mst mas -Pl .•1 miyi n.b -P n.n amy arz n.t at. nfia bríy nma nsw biy. nal t..

na? nayp niyfl ow.m owhaw owmw owmay owtuw OWWl

.kr -l£ -ll -riy .wa .ayfl -?8 -?iy aCt ah. arm ban bal bayk bay. Caz d.h d.m d.t dda dsow day daft daya diyf

k£p kt? kli kla kowl kray kny k6i kap l.i Idaw l£V lik liz Imay lam liyd m.a mpa mwiy maz n.d n.k n.y nda nowv £.. £lf nsp £rb nt. nwi £t. £0. niyd niyp £?a gowa niyO n?w hap har ow.b hwf ow.? owin ha? hawm ownt h£yr owza huwz owan idn ow6a id£y p.a par ify inz pul itd qga itm rbi rbr itay rd. i/rdz izt iz6 rga i8. rki lOi rl. rs£ 1er

?®y-

?ayh 7

.duw .fi .mi .me .n£ .ra -5W .aw .af .ayb -ayf «yl

-ayt .aya .?£y alow ans ana apara a?d a?w b£r bin bliy bar bam bay bty£ biys íik C£yn d.ay

i/i

izn izs izz iBw lOa i&a kla ksm

owz. owat ptn kwn Pn par kae l.m 0-a l.s Opuw Ibr r.i Isa r.t Iwi rda r£s las lay? rfa ab i«yIfyk ría l£ya rnd liyg rs. m.k rzow m.n ra. ma. r?a r?iy mta mwi s.h mzh »-/ sma mag ma? sma mawn smiy miyt sna n.£ sowl nba 8P£ nbr sst ndm sta ndow sway ndaw sal nday sa. nduw t.t nfr tda mk tfay nim tray nka tsiy nowm twc nray tuwd nt£ tuwn ntr tuws w£e ntiy nay? wir ntyz wayt ntya weyk n?g wEya ow.ay wiyn owdaw wiy? owhow /ez owhiy yad owsa yuw.

FIRST G R A D E

542

7

7

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

5

5

5

(conL)

(coni.)

(coni.)

(con t.)

(con t.)

(con t.)

(cont.)

(coni)

(conL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

igw il. inf ing inv iQf iQl IS£ itb ith iva i?. Jowk k.w k.& khow klaw ksp ksae l.ay Ibty Ifa Ikl Itay ItV liyh liyw liyz m.J m./ mda m£l m£m mna mp. mpt mpa mya mal mba ma. mawt n.p niuw ndh nds nlE nna npa ns. nta ntf

ntt nzh nza naw. n£yg n?h n?r ow.k ow./

riy? s.m sak sba sdaw sfa Siq sk£y smc ss£y sa. saf saft set siy. S?9 t.h thiy tawt tayg tiys tuwf tuwr t?8 ud. uka um. vmay vmiy vri vse vte vwa wak w£m

aam a?h e?J at£a aedd «fa aega aekh aeml aems aevE «?. ae?h x?a awtò ay.g ay.h ayba ayda ayhaw ayh£y aylu aymd aynl aynw ays. ayva ay?t £y.w cyiG £ykae £ynj £yr. £ys. Eyt. £yve £yya £yza ly.d ly.t lybi lyC. iyg£y iyk£ lyli lylay iym£ tyma lyniy lypu tywa tyzi

iyzm lyaw tyab tyaen uw.b uw.a uw.ay uwm. uwm. uwzd uw&ae ?.f ?-g ?fi ?gr ?miy ?own ?riy ?/iy ?ah ?ar ?ays c J

.a& ..e -iy apt ar? at6 a?m bar bla brow bawd bawn bayt bay. e.? d.n d-y dar dba dowv driy dz. d&£ dta daa dayj daym diyow diya duwy duw& duwe £a. £ly £nj

hayd haya hiyb hiyj idz ifa igs ika ilk ilm ils lit ila i may imiy inr inae IQ& isg isr «g izk izp I8l Ian k.? kal kat kba kda kow. kra ksl ksw kar kftae k«e kaes k£y/ l.h Ibi Id. l£d lhae lir, Imow Imiy Inay ite lya Izaw las

lak laef lawn layd liya l?a m.£ m.l m.t man mb£y mhiy mil mliy mmiy mowr mpl msh mw£ m/iy maf mayae miyh miyz n.a nbEy ndw nfiy nhow nif rue n}a nma nowE noway npl ns« n8a nayf niyi niym niyEy n?b n?l n?s n?6 ow.t ow.y ow.ae owl. owmc ownow

yuww aymft ..aw ays£ adiy z g ayv. ag. z-I ayz. agz Z.BY zbi arb £V-6 zfa £ygr ari Zll EykEy az. zza £ym. a?6 zaw? Cyst a?a aim cywiy bad alz Eyan bi? amiy iy-/ bra an. ly-ay bad ba-e ans lygi •.m tyka baya B-t bayz lyla abay lyn d j tyzn d£r adt aga dij lyal dim aka lyar aie lyas dri elk uwnz dst alow uwz. daen amd uwOaw dEyv •m6 uwer diys ans ?.* elay arj ?iz cl? arr cm. ?i? ery ?now £mb avm ?6E £pt ?6i £rs a/iy azl ?»b £S. azow ?ayk £tl a?k ?aym £ Z . a?iy ?ayw £&a £?h *k. ?iyt aki £?S 6 aka f.a «nz -bay fai aBiy .dey fit aw.. -h£y fia awmc .lu fuwd awns .m£y g.ae awnò .naw gna awts -OW. gat .owv hai ay.s has ayga aykm -pa hwa ayte .sac h£yt hiym aymi .wu aymm hiy? aymw • 0 ib.

OWlt

owk. owzk owò£ owfci owòey paz p£p pmay pad paz piys Qta Otay Otuw rjan r.d r.f r.n rh£ rhiy rid ril rip ri? rja rkr rlu rliy rmiy rna rpa ryuw rzb ras rat r6i r&ae rab rak rat raef r£yk

zh£ zmaw zown zpl zpa zjiy zya zzi zzay zaf z6£y zah za& zaet zayd zayl akt an. and anm aniy arjt ar£ arm arw e.ae òaz &£yd &iy£ a.g a.l a.n ahm ahay aks Wll akiy w£yd alf wfyz alg wiya ana anuw /at aps JiQ apa y£apiy yt 9Qk y£t yaw aruw z.£ asay as£y z.l z.a ati zar atk at? zdi aziy zda zgf az?

-bae -dr -dy .de .fa .fiy .ha -li .ki .la .ma .m£ .n6 -pr .r£y .sa -sp .s£y -ti .ts -tw .tay «y -Ji .ar .8a -sp .as

£S.

£td £th f.ae fiQ fown fowr fut fyuw fes g.a gbr gfn gruw gel hat ha?

543

TABLES OF T R I P H O N E S

5

5

5

5

4

4

4

4

4

4

(conL)

(cont.)

(cont)

(COOL)

5

(conL)

(cont.)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont)

(conL)

(conL)

(COOL)

ownw

S.t

v6ow

6tyg

aydô

UW-?

ag.

£nb

Itt

liyn

nae

rak

owpa

s.ay

va.

6£yr

ayhow

uwdo

akt

£naw

m.ow

nas

rbay

ow/iy

sba

vah

ebow

ayin

uwms

ald

£rn

nat

rhow

sda

val

a£a

ayka

uwta

ait

£ray

i?g i?k

m.r

owzi

m .8

na?

rk.

owar

sel

vap

ads

ayko

?ar

ama

£tm

Jmay

mal

naw.

rka

owayt

sha

vayd

afa

aymh

?di

an.

£t6

Jar

mfa

nayj

rk£y

P «

shaw

wad

af£

aymo

?day

and

£wiy

]an

mga

nayO

rm.

Pik

shiy

wip

ak.

aynt

?cl

an?

£?l

Juwn

mha

naya

rnt

P»t pown

si«

WIQ

ami

aynt

?lay

arg

£?m

k.i

mkay

n£yb

rowd

ska

Wl?

amuw

aypu

?owl

arr

£?w

k.s

mps

n£yk

rpiy

pu/

sncy

wayw

anaw

ayriy

?st

arj

far

kad

mp6

ntyf

rru

pet

sowj

waya

ape

aysl

?siy

bow6

fba

k£i

ms£

niyft

rruw

piyn

ssk

way?

app

aytu

?Wl

buk

fil

k£r

mam

n?k

rs.

0-6

ssow

wiyb

aog

aytcy

bad

fra

kl£

mon

nayz

rsr

qmay

syuw

wiym

arv

aytuw

?5ty

ban

fro

kmiy

mb£y

ow.h

rtr

sa?

Jin

ara

ayvi

?ayg

bay.

f£ys

kow.

.maw

ow.n

r/m

scym

/an

asd

aywi

?ayn

baym

fiyd

kowm

m a d

ow.s

rzt

Qap

suwn

/er

asp

aywu

oy..

bayft

mayO

owba

ra.

t-i

as«

ayz.

bays

ksf

m£yb

owbay

raeé

r-8 rda

tak

y» yal

gi» gowb

kra

Qar

atw

ayar

C.a

gowl

ksfi

miyw

owiz

r»g

tbe

yam

avd

ayaz

.ah

iin

gat

kti

n.l

owl.

rayz

r£k

tbay

yuwh

aw£

ty.b

.am

Ct9

gas

kta

nad

owla

ray?

rfay

tdi

z.k

azp

.b£

itiy

h.a

ku?

nan

ownC

rg£

tdaw

z.n

•&t

ty-? £ydaw

.baw

Cak

hi?

kwiy

nbay

owny

rim

tfr

a6i

cygow

haq

kad

nCiy

tfa

a?d

£yiz

.£m

£am

ris

*-V z.e

OWll

r£yg r£yz

Can

hawd

kacf

nd6

owts

nyz

rk.

tha

zbr

aTf

tyla

.hay

d.k

hawt

k£yv

nd?

oww£

ruwft

rka

ri.

tid

zdey

a?n

£ymay

d.e

hiyt

k£yw

nfa

owyuw

s.k

tis

zka

a?s

tysa

-It -k£

dbiy

hiya

kiy.

nfay

owzl

s.n

rit

tiz

zma

ad.

tytb

.la

d£d

iba

Iba

nga

owan

s.y

rli

tkay

zmiy

aedh

£ywf

.mow

dhow

lôa

lb£y

ngr

owep

s.O

rnz

tlay

zna

aedô

ty/a

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dhiy

id.

Iga

nid

oway.

sbiy

rna

towl

zwiy

af.

tyz.

.nw

dje

id£

lu

njm

owiyw

S£S

rowk

tsf

z6a

aks

cyat

.nty

dka

ida

nka

ts8

z6£

«nr

ly.i

.owb

dnow

id&

nka

Pil powv

sgr

rti

itg lia

rts

tsr

zav

aeno

lyday

-owy

dow.

ifw

li?

nia

ptuw

sku

rw£

ts?

za?

ara

lydey

.oway

dra

Iki

nna

pwa

sowi

rya

tye

za?

any

tymay

-pty

druw

il® iki

lia

nowz

P«i

sow?

rzd

t6i

zayk

as.

tynw

dal

npuw

p6£

spl

t6iy

0 -

atm

lypow

da?

ikl il.

lowi

rzf

-piy .ta

lowp

nn

p&a

sruw stow

QZ. QZ.

5

A

.C£y

riy?

ska

rzg

tay

af.

avs

typiy

.t£

dawd

ilh

lue

ns£

Q.t

ran

taa

afy

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lyra

.w£y

day.

ima

lw£

nsk

Q.?

sye

rag

teyb

aan

lyra

d£yi

inb

Iwiy

nsm

qda

sfli

ra?

tcya

39 ok.

awdi

lys.

.ad

diyt

ink

l/iy

nt£y

rjk.

saw

rad

tuwp

ol.

awnn

lytc

.a.

diyk

inm

lof

nvay

Okiy

saefn

raya

uks

Dll

awza

lyyuw

.awd

duwn

inow

16a

nwa

Olay

sayg

rcyl

ual

ome

awfl.

lyzh

.ayr

£dr

iqa

lad

nwt

ijw£y

siyd

rtys

v.a

ont

ay.d

lyzt

.ayv

£dw

iqw

lat

nwa

qza

siys

riyf

vdi

an£y

ay.k

lyzw

.ayo

£l.

iijy

lat

ny£

oal

siyb

nyp

vid

aar

ay.a

iy6aw

ai.

£lm

la?

nzi

qan

tan

s.d

vtuw

uw.d

ad.

£low

iQay

l£yb

nzt

r-y

tba

vza

»•I ôaed

aybc

s.f

aybi

uw.y

adow

£may

itf

l£yh

naw

rag

tg£

.&0W

iq8

FIRST G R A D E

544 4

4

4

(cont)

(cotlL)

(cont)

ztfy

azj azk aza aan oiyt a?i a.a afii adm adw adz agn ariiy anp ana aqk ash asr atb astk atl atay az. a?k awnh awni awnz awsa aw8. aw?w aw?a aybay aydaw ayff ayfi aygi ayhc ayha aykE aykl aykiy aymb aymfy aynb aym ayncy ayss aytow aytr ayts aytw aytiy

tgr tm£y tsl tu ttuw tjiy tal ter taj taiy tas ttyi ttyl ttyy tuww udb u?n V.?

vda vi m vòa vòty wiy. viy. wa? w£t wcay W£?

wik wis wiyf wiyy /iyb /iya /iy? yah yas yuwï z.r zba zdaw zen zfr zfa zha *U zkr zka zlE zma znow ZSk

ZWl ZW3

zyuw zzi

Zòl

zat zaw zan zaym ziy. afb afa 3b 'anh 9QW

org an arj azw afta e.a Gruw Oam Oawz Oiy. bet bcyt 5iy. a.r a.e 90S

add ade adr ®Q£V ajow akow «lu

ancy apa apow apr arow asb asow asr asa atm avk avw a/a

4

4

3

3

3

3

3

3

(COOL)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont.)

(coni.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(coni.)

far fayr fl-b

isl isp i se

fl-£

IS?

Ila IlEy InEy Ipi Isk Isn Isa lt£y Itiy lyuw Izi Izz Iza Iza l&E l6Ey l&iy laf lag lap lad la/ lawd lay 8 lay h layi layv liyf liyi liyl liyt lu ws m.a m.6 ma. mag mdl mdaw md£y mg£ mid mik mit mm. mmi mna mown mta mtuw mzi mzm mzw

mzz mzaw ma/ maws mayr mayw may/ mayy miys miya miy? n.r

3 .an ayvb tywow .aa ayza lyzb .ba lyzf -bl ayal -Ci ayOa lyzg .da ayOa lyzl ayam lyzp .£l ayav lyzs .f£ ayad iyz6 -81 ty.k tyOr -ga .h£ Ey.p tya. Ey-8 tyad .how cyd. iy?a .kow Eydow iy?iy -kay Eyhaw uw.w .liy Cylz uwdi .ma Eymow uwdow -niy £yro uwty .oww Eysw uwga .ri uwgr .ra eyti £yvm uwiz .ruw Eywu uwmc - S S Eyap uwmt .sa cyar uwma .tu cyayw uwmiy .wa uwn. .waw ly.e lyba uwna .am uwr. .af lyfa lyfc uwsc .ad UWSl .ay? lyfa lyhiy uwtay .iyv lyk. uwvd .?aw uwyuw ..Ò lykl cyka uwz. a.a uwak a.? lylf lylk ?.i abiy ?.k aòi lyll lynn ?.r ada adaw iyn8 ?da iyn& ?da ak. lynay ?d£y akd lyow. ?£v akh lyown ?fa alh ?ki amm lyp. lysa ?kay amay ?n£ anv lysd tysl ?ow. aps tysow ?s. aqk lysuw ?af ar. arf 7as iytlyta ?8W ary lytiy 7af ar6 lywi ?awt asb

dayh dayw d£ym d£ya diyh diyn diyt diya duww £. s £ah £¿8 £da £dj £dn £dy £da £gz £ja £kf £ld Eli £lv £1/ £lz tob £na £iys £n£ (now d.d £na d.i dad £pa d£m Ere dgow Erh dhi Eri Erow dha Era dig div trh Esh dij dlay ESl Etn dna dow. Ett EW. dr£ dra Eza dray Eal dsw f.w fda dsa dw£ fis dwi fia djiy fra ft. daa dOr ftò d6i fwa da/ f&a

asp atb ath at? azt aa. aan a?s bat b£l b£t bowt br£ ba. baq bawb£ys biym biyn biyt biyw bayn Cnay Ct£ Cav

g£6 itk gowg itò gowp itaw gowaw itiy gz6 IVI izb ga? gan i8. l6£ h.w h.ò lòi hab iaz hway i?h hah i?i ham i?n haq Ihar lao Jaek has haw. k.f hawk k.m hawz k-P h£yd k.t hiyp kan huww k£v. i.h kik kim l-W kja i.a ikss k&Ey idy iday ka. kah if. ifa ka/ iga ka? ign k£yt ijuw kiy. ikb I.b ika laq ili Iba ilow Ida ilz Idb imw IdEy in£ l£? Ifi in/ ipm Ifa Igr ipa IQ£ lhaw iqr lip iqa IH irl Ik. ish Ika

n.e

nbi nba nbiy nbay nò. ndy nda n£l n£m nge nha nhaw nji nki nkr nkay nkiy nma nmfy nown nows nowy now? npa npu nny nsa nsl ntg nth nt/ nta nve n/£ nyiy nzb nzf nzr nar

TABLES OF

TRIPHONES

545

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

(com.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

st? swEy SOI som son s9r s5£y sad saf sag sawn say. sayw sayz sEyi siyi siyz siyay suwz t.d t-g t.k t.n t.y tdr t£S tfo tfiy tgow tig tim tkl tkr tli tky tnow tnaw towk towr tr£ tra tsE tsj tsow tss tse tyuw tof ton tei tôEy tea

taè tar) taya t£yh tiy. tiy. tuwk tuwl tuwj udf udk udn uk. ulula upa ut. Utl utä V.W v.ae v.ay var vrae vr£y vyiy VZl v6a vas vael v£yk waj Wl. wiè wit wiw wowk wown wo6 wor wot way. wayh wEyf w£yh J.ae Jap Si P Jmay Jur Jtyp Jiyf

Jiyn Jiyp Ayr Jiye yuw£ yuwt zan zbl zbiy z£r zfa zfi zfow zfay zib zja zkl zm£ zmow zna zta ztr zway zw£y zzae zzEy zor z9i zayh zayp ofô og. oga olb Olk olae omow omay onk onl orf ory ore oray oriy ost Otl owr oz. ozh DZÖ 061

oak o?t ïal e.m eiz emiy 8 ra eta eoi ean eaen 6ie òac ôaEy ôaes ÔEyl ôEyn öiyay öiy? a.E a.y aar aò. gen acEy adg adh ady adz adae afae afEy agu ah£ ahiy ai? aja ali alh ali aim alp air amn aph apw apae 3Q. ana as? atd atf

atg atn att atj avh avs avt avz avae awu ajuw azj azy 989 aöiy aEyg a?ow a?ae a?£y aedk aedr aedo aedae aefs aeg. aeli aem. aeng aeoa aesw aett aevd aevl aevm aevr ae6r ae?f ae?l ae?ò aw.ay awka awso ay.f ayj ayb£y ayfae ayhiy ayk. aykw aymf aymt aymj

aynz aysa aysk ayta ayth ayvr ayvs ayvy ayya ayow ayas ayaef ay?ö ay?ay £y.m Ey.ay £ybae Eyduw Eyfr Eyhow Eyhiy EyiO Eyja Eykl Eykt Eyku Eyl£ Eymt Eymaw £yni typt Eypu Eys£ £ysi Eyso Eytf Eytiy Eyvd Eyz. £yzt Eyöi £y&a Eyaen £y?. £y?b ly.n ly.p ly.y tybaw lyda lydr lyEj

lyfl lyfr lyfaw lygo lyga lyha lyif lykr lykiy lyln lylae lymuw lynz lyp. lyrf lyrt lysiy lyti lytow lytu iytô lytuw lywiy lyziy lyon iye. iy6o lyak lyat

ne. na. naé nawt naw? nayEy ntyt niy? nuws n?. n?f n?m n?ay n?Ey ow.d owbi owEn owEr owha OWl? owka owlb owlf owlm owlz owlay owmi own. own. owny owpi owpl owps owr. ows. owsd owyE owz6 0W9? owaen owawt owayh owayk ow?a p.w P-? P£l pid pij pia plae pity

powl pra prae priy ps. psa ptl ptaw pu? pol pam paec pEy. 13.1 0-m Q.W Q.ay t]ba rjbo QEI QfO Qgow ogr QU] Qk. Qkl QQa ijyuw r)äae r.l r.m r.ow r.p r.J rab ras rbE rbiy rdae r£? rfu rgi rha rhay rif ria rkE rko rmae rn. rny rnay

rnuw rowl rowz rowô rsb rsow rt. rtw rtEy rwu rwEy rzi rzs rzw rzo rog rôEy rôiy raz r«Q ray. rayk rayv nyg riyk riye ruwa r?ae s.a s.f sar sboy sda sEk SE? sfr sfo sfay sgu sig Sil sir skow six sma smow sow. sowd spa spi spr ssiy

(cont.)

uwwiy uwjuw uwyiy UWZl uwzo uwia uw6. uwe. uwam uwap uwat ?.t ?£m ?fr ?ka ?kl ?k£y ?ma ?n. ?ow. ?ra ?tô ?w£y ?or ?ag ?aet ?aye ?ay? ?£yg lytyg ?£y? ?iyd iy?Ey ?iy? uw.t uw.ö oy.ö uwbi oyn£y uwd. oyz. uwduw oyz. uwfr 2. uwha uwhiy .al uwin .bu uwit .boy uwki .ca uwkae .èae .du uwn. uwnò .£r uwp. uwsEy .fi uwsiy _faw uwtiy .fuw uwtuw .1. uwv. .id uww£ .iw

(cont.)

.ks .ku Ja -ley .mh .mm .maw .nd -ny .nae .owk .pi -PS

.pae .paw .ru .si .sn .say -tr .tiy .uu .v£ -VI .va -Ja -se y .Juw .yn .yu .ov .ow .00 .aj .an .ay .aea ..u ..uw a.w a.a ab. abl aba aö? adh aday aft agd agn ag£y ak.

FIRST GRADE

546

2

2

2

2

2

2

(con t.)

(con t.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

aka akb alb alz alft aliy an» ama ame an. anf anh ani ann anft anay ap. api apiy an ars arw ara aray asft atd atf atg ati atl atr att atuw ava az. aag aak aay aaz aawt aW a?g a?h a?t a?k a?l a?r a?y b.a bba bea bif

biz bluw bra brae briy bat baa be. beb ba. bawò bayd bayw baya bay? btyb biyd biyh biyi biyl biyr biyy biy? buwt bayfl e.t i.w S.e iak Car £cn tir ClQ Cit £eb 6ag ¿an òayn C£ys Cuw. Cuw. iuwg Î?8 d.b d.c d.l d.p dae dbay ddi ddey des

dfa dfi dfr dfa dfiy die di£y dk£ dlc dliy dmi dma dmiy dn. dnn dna dn? dowz dro draw dsa ds£y dta dwiy dzi dzl dzw dzb dam dae dae daw? day. dayg dayi dayk dayn dayv dEyk d£yn deyr deyt diyb diyj diyft duwb d?iy £-8 E.h E-W £. 6 ca.

et. £db Eds £dz £dò Ed? £J£lb £11 tip £lr £lw £m_ £mi Enk En* £pi £pw £rd Erk £rp Era £sk £sm £t£ £tj Etay EtUW £v. £WS £Z. £zl

hawy haway haw? hay. hay. hayn h£ya hiyi hiyl huwh huwk uf us i.a uay 11. iCuw ifd ifi tfl ifô igd fl£gim ig£ flt? iflf igh gla gn£y igi gowr igp goway igO gow? igiy gr£ ili ik. gsw ikE gzm gaw ikiy tlb ga? gOi ile gag ila gam il? gav imb gaz imd imE h.m imv h-J inC h.ay h£b in] h£l me hiC may his iphowb tps iqh hta hwiy irg irk hev hab irs haa iny

£&£

£ad £89 Eayw t?fl £?P

£?r £?t f.h f.6 f-ay f£n f£r f£S fik fin flow fme fray fsa

ft. ftl fud fwi fwty fan f6£y fad fas fat fayf faya fiy? fl-d fl-k 0-n 0-6 gaaw gba gdr gduw

(cont.)

2

2

2

2

2

2

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

isv Iti itow ita ita itEy ituw it? ivd ivk ivw iva iw£ i/f i/P i/w ijuw IZJ izl IZOW IZW ize izaw izay iziy iz? i9b i9h lOr lOs iOt iBa tee i0& l&E tab lan i£yg i?b i?d i?m i?& jar J£r Its J« M Jin le. Jfyn Jiy Juw£

Juwg k.b k.l k.n k-J kaC kak kaa ka? kba kbiy kda kfi kfe khfy ki. kiC kiz kliy km£ kows kowe kr£y ks£ ksg ksk ksow ksy ktl ktuw kul kun k/iy kya kyuw kza kas ka? k&£ kag kav kay kab kap kar kaa kawt kayz k£y. k£yd k£yj k£yk

kiyb kiym kiyz kuw. k?s l.d l-£ l.f l.r lb£ Ibi Idf Idm Idow Idr l£. l£k l£r If. If£ Iga igty km lis Ikr IkEy Ile III Hay lm. low. low. lowt lowO lowò Ipe Ire Iru Iray Is. Is& Isiy Isuw Iti Ita Ituw Ivi lw£y iy£ Izd Izh Izk

Izm laz law left lam lawt layz laye lEyl l£yz l£y6 liyk liyv liyft 1?. mar) mb£ mbi md. mds mday mfay mgow mha mhi mhm mha mke mkx mis mmow mma mpr mpaw mriy mtr mué mvE mwa mzg mzl mza mz£y mai maw m8r mfti m&a meb mao mag mak

maw? maya mayiy m£yô miyd miyg miyow miyy miya muwn m?s n.a n.g n.ow na. nah nak nb£ nbl nba nfi. net nex nCay nda ndt n£t nfa nfa ngi ng£y nh£y nhuw niw nja njuw nk. nia nlu nia nna nnb nnaw nnuw now/ nowa nowa nowiy npi npr npiy nra

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TABLES OF

TRIPHONES

547

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

(conL)

(conL)

(corn.)

(cont)

(cont)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

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rwo rway r/e rfuw rye rz£ rzh rzl rzft rz* r8i rftow raf rah rap raj ray raw? ray. rayh rayi rayn rayy r£yi r£y/ riyr riyft ruw. ruwd ruwp r?d r?k r?m r?6 sa S.I s.r S-D saf sa& saa sba sb£ sba set Sf£ Sfl sga sgow sga sga sim

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zlu zla zlEy zliy zm£y znw znay znty zray zr£y

asa atm atuw

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Z£V

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3W&

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FIRST G R A D E

548

2

2

2

2

2

2

l

1

1

1

1

(coot.)

(COOL)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

(COOL)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont)

a?a m? ay aw.? awtn awit awme awnw awss awst awsw awta awtm awta awtuw awwa awwiy awye aw6e awer aw?k aya ay.t ay.y ayba aybuw aydb aydt aydiy ayf. ayfo ayfiy avflo ayu ayiz «Vii aykd aykh aykow aykj ayky ayk? aylE aylt ayla aymuw ayno aynO aynô ayowp ayr. ayre ayr»

aya. aysEy aysiy aysoy aytj ayt& aytay ayvt ayvO aywiy ayjuw ayyu ayya ayòi ayfte

iyk. lykow lykEy lyld lylu lylo lymi lymow lyma lynow lynEy lyowp lyowv iypf lypr iyps iyrd lyrg lyrow lyny lysm lyss lysw tysaw lysay lytl lytr lyv. lyvi iyy£ lyya lyya lyzk lyzow lyza iyz6 tyzaw iye. iy&£ iy6a lye. iyed lyaz lye? lyat lyaftv »yaya lyayz iyEyt iy?t uw.f uw.l

uw.p uw.s uwar uwba uwbsy uwdaw uwfiy uwga uwiq uwkl uwkow uwlb uwld uwtl uwl& uwmt uwmO uwna uwno uwpl uwpu uwpe uwn uwru uwrae uwrty uws. uwsw uwsy UWtE uwts UWVB uwziy uwft£ uwftiy uws. uweb uwes uwe6 uwa? ?.d ?.n ?.e ?ah ?ap ?b£ ?bl ?br ?biy ?diy Tfay ?h»

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are ar£ arn arow arp aru arv aro arEy any ask ast at£ at] atk atm atow atp a tv atw ate ata ataw atay avh aj. a/a ajm a/u a/e aza azb azl aze az? ait afti aóiy aa. aeb aal aap aar aav aaw aa? aawe auw. a?a a?b a?p a?o

a?e a?a a?iy a?? b.E bab bal bam baa baaw b£i b£S b£6 bf£ bi. bid bis bka blow blay bown bows bow? bsk bsa bui buj bue bwa b/iy bz. bze bo. bo? beg beh bej bes be; be& beay baiy bat bar bae bayj bays bayz bayiy b£y. b£yk bEyr

£ynt £ynz £yna £yowl £yr. £yrb Eyrm £yray £ysk £y>l £ysm £ytn Eytr Eytw Eyto Eytuw ayek £yji ayel Eyzd ayep Eyol ayav £y6m ayawt EyOr ayeyd £yak ayey? £yal ayiy. tyaij ay?. Eyad ay?k fyaw? a y ? a Eyiys £y?a Ey» Ey.t ly.g Eyar iy.1 Eybr lybay Eyda iyb£y Eydh tybiy Eyda lyCi eycn lyd. lydn Eyfe Eyga lydaw EygEy lyduw iy£n cyit Eyk. iy£r £yka lyfi £yk£ lyfow £ykm lyfiy Eyko lygr £yk6 tygu tykiy tygz Eymk iyhE £yn. lyhow lyhaw eyn. £ynd lyhay £ynow tyit Eyna lyji

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1

TABLES OF T R I P H O N E S 1

1

1 (cont.)

(com.)

(cont)

b£y& biyj biy6 boyi baya C.b C.h C.k C.n C.y C.ay Caa Ca?

Cuwa doww C?uw dowa d.f dowiy dow? d-| d.ow dpa d.aw dpay drr d.ty day dru dr£y da. dam ds. dan dsa da2 dsc dba dsiy dbr dti dba dtow dba dtu db£y dtw dda dta dda dtcy dday dur d£. duy del duay d£v dwa dwow dca dyu dg£ dgcy dya dha dya dh£ dza dha dzd dhcy dzf du dzh dir dzk dzm di6 dja dzn dki dzp dkr dza dko dza dka dzay dk£y dz7 dlo dap dme dat dmfy da? dna dOi dng d6cy dftiy dnh dnay da. dniy ds£y dnay daf dowl day dowow dawk dowQ dayf dows dayl

tiz

Cfa Chi did

Cil Ci? Cki Ckr Cka Cma ipt Cray esc Csow Csp Csa Csa eu Stay Cup CW3 Cwa Cya Col Cop COi C6l C6a Ca. Caf Caym Cayt Caye Ccya CiyJ Cuwd Cuwn Cuwt Cuw6

1

1

(conL)

(coot)

dayp daycy day? d£yd dtyg d£yh dcyy dcya dcyft dcya dcyiy d£y? diyC diym diyv diyy diya diyay diycy diyuw diy? duws duwa duway d?v d?a £.b £.1 £.8

£kv £ka £la

£.ay cab £bb £ba cbaw £biy £Cy edd edc cdt cdaw cday cc. cfm cfw tote" coy ck. ck. Cki Ckt

1

1

1

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1

1

1

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(cont)

(conL)

(cont)

(conL)

(cont)

(cont)

Can caz can £l£ cay. £lh cayg £lt cays £la c?. flaw c?d (mow c?f Emp £?k £?l cma cma £?a (maw C?6 £nC c?ay £nf c?iy cpm f.i cps f.k cqw faf £rf fan Crg fae fba £rj Crr fba Crt fdc cr? ft. Csb fck Csi fC6 cs/ ffa fhiy £»y £80 fiz Esay fia csiy fjuw cs? fks eta fka ctb flc ctl fla ctr fmay fow. cty ctaw fowa fpaw ct? Cviy fri Ewb frow Cwm frcy twow fruw (WW fs. fs. CJ1 tzg fsa czz ftg ftm cza Czay ftow ftu £Z? C&ty ftw cab fta

ftuw ft? ful fun fway f/iy fOa f&c fab fag fah fam fap fav faw faz faft fa? faa fay. fayd fayk fayt fcyn fcyr fiyh fiy; fiya

aid eif gig a» gia gka

eaww eay. eayz gcyd giyb giyr Oiys 0?-

11. U. l]W Ha ikC ikr iku ikj ikft ikey ik? ilf ill tin ilr ilu ilv ilw iiy ue ilcy imh imp imt 1 my 1 maw inuw lown ipipd ipt ipv ipz iQl iQn iqow iQaw iQiy iQ? ir. 1 row irz ir? is] is/ isy is6 isay is£y isiy isuw ita

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ivf ivg ivh ivy ivay iwn i/b i/t 1/3 i/a ijay ijiy iza izC izr IZV

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iM i&cy tad laa tan i?C i?P i?r i?y i?a i?iy J.h I-i J.k 1-3 1-6

550

1

FIRST

1

1

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1

1

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1

1

1

1

1

(cont)

(cont.)

(coni.)

(cont.)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(coni.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

I-»

kja kk£ kka kma kmc kn. kne knaw kowb kowd kown kowp kowr ksb ksh ksa ksay ksiy kt. ktb kt£ ktm ktr kts ktu ktw ktò kt« kuk kup kuu kua kv£ kvi kw£ kway kw£y kja kja ky£ kz. kzi kad kaf kak kam kan kftiy ka. kat kai kak

karj kaw kei keq kawn kaws kawz kay. kayk kaym kayp ktyfl k£yn kcyr keys kiyd kiyi kiys kiyt kiyw kiyò kiy? kuws kuw? k?t kayn l.a i-a l.k I.I l.n l.t 1-y l.z

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luí lun lv. IvO Iva Iway l/uw lyu Iza Izb Izc Izf Izl Izn Izr Izw IzA Izc b. Ion bt ie. leí Mr lea I6i l6ow lal laz leb lap lar lev lea lawz laylay. layf layr lays layt layw laya Iay6 laya layaw l£y£ l£yj Ityp l£ya liym luwi

luwk luwz l?n l?3 l?e l?ay l?£y m.v m.aw may mab maf mak mat mba mbu mbiy mia mío mía mda mdb mdf mdj mdk mdm mdr m£r m£s mfv m£? mfl mfow mfo mfaw mfuw mgl mhc mhay mtf mi] mim mi? m}e mka mkr mk£y ml£ mil míe mlay mluw

mi? mm. mme mmuw mn£ mnow mnay mniy mnuw mowb mowd mowl mowm mpow mpiy mp? mr£ mra ms. msa mse muy mti mvt mway m/uw mza mzf mzk mzow mzr mzt mzj mzò mziy mav mo6 mee m6C mftiy maf mak mav may me£ mef met main mawd mawh mayl mayow

mayp mayv maya mayaw m£y? miyb miyf miyl miye miyò m?. m?i m?m m?n m?s m?ay m?iy n.aw nab nag nal nap nav nauw nba nbaw nói ntp ndb ndf ndk nd/ nde n£g n£i) n£& n£? nf£ nfi nfl nfe ngl nga nge nhw nha nu ni. ntò nig niv ni6

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Ida J£m Itn Jhiy Ik« Jul Iwa Jal loa I&» !•lab J»I I»l lap lav law Jez J«n Jawm lays Jayi Jaya JtyJuw. Juw. Juwb Juwh Juwy k.C k.h k.r k.6 k.ay kaf kam k«a kdaw k£. ktj kc? kft kfty k0r kh£ khi khu kha khiy kifl

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1 (cont.)

owma owmy owmz owna owni own] ownk owns owowp owowv owpow owpw owpe owog owrd owrf owrm owrn owrt owra OWÍ. owre owti owraw ow£k owray owda owsc owdb ows6 owdd o w s e owdl owsuw owdu owtm owdz owte owday owt£y owdiy owv£ ow£v owwa owfi owwow owfr owwaw owfe owway owg£ ow/a owh£ owya owhw owza owhay owzb owhuw 1 owzg owik owzh owiw owzm owtO owzow owkd owzr owkc owzu owki owzO owkò owze owkEy owz? owlh owol owlw owow owb ow9£ owlft owOow

TABLES OF

1 (cont)

1 (conL)

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P«P pea peò pee peiy pael paet pawd pawl pawn pawp payh paym payn payr p£y. ptyk ptyp p£yr p£ys pEyó piy.

1 (cont)

piya piyd piyk piyw piyaw puwe P?i P* P?3 o-h 0-1 0-1 o-/ o-y o-e qah qal 08/ oae qbow ijbay qb£y qday qfow qg£

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T A B L E S OF T R I P H O N E S

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FIRST GRADE

554

1 (cont.)

1 (cont)

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8.9.2 Third Grade

Tables of Triphones Third Grade 477

.m

201

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197

•m.

.WC

319

196

-?e 297

?am

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153

?an 148

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142

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253

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1. 6En

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139

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an. 136

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now. 125

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99

84

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98

83

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97

82

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120

96

81

sem 119

and 117

an6

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ida 94

did

115

93

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114

92

-6E 111

ard 105

en. 104

ar. 103

kam war 102

ant 100

tfrz

tywe 91

bar 90

..n 89

.yuw ..e in6 88

-yt 85

nde taym

den 80

aza 79

72 (com.)

65 (cont.)

56 (conL)

50 (conL)

46 (cont.)

42 (cont)

ISt its m.? 6eb era ez. aft uw..

ens

ada Cnay 6e. en.

nd. pen tcyk ede erw ?an

z.a one ebiy eptywe

owve stz SIS vriy

71

.now .6iy mayb nyl •gow amy

bre fer 78

70

raft 68

k.. 77

fte plEy y»r ?we

din zan aywe 67

ern

76

.6a had 75

ada 74

nwty est 72

..m del

66

Eniy 1.. n.6 wiyw abaw ayke 65

Jiy in. ina tse teg

556

64

for em. enay 63

.be m.w 62

it. itn ••n iys£ 61

an down get bat tyha 60

zin 59

nta al. 58 now. n6£y 57

Ent IQ. kaz 56

55

big 0-

a.. ann ty.. 54 dawn n.a 53

is. las kin n.a nar rwe bas ert an? 52

nne ayha 51

-ayw IQ. n?a aybr 50 .ta evr ger

49

Cl. rem 6ew ali et. 48 cnw it. ken n.w erh 47

.61 Cve haws m.6 wet er6 aenn aydi 46

.ayd bat cni haf nye per sow. sta tad wer

45

ard bak maym &et age ava 44 .sa ..d dep nhiy owld S£d skuw ta6 ark ?.. 43

.it ..ow crz kan lid net rawn twa amp anz erl 42 man n/iy

41

Ed. nEv nab abe aydow tyst 40 en? ga? gan tqk nit nayw rayd rayt anay aywt 39

art ind me6 Ptar yuwn a-? ariy ayga 38

-ke har i?w nan nEym

557

T A B L E S OF TRIPHONES

38

35

(COOL) (cont.) owst r.e Mr z.? an& awa 37 a? fre hiyr mays nn£ t.e ten wiyh 6ed •mz an lydi

ant anh a?. aykft Eybiy tyka uwnow Tts 34

32 -lay .tuw .ayh fa& len m.ay nst rz. r&e ten tuk tak zar abc ami erf a?e ave

..b a6a bed inn luk m.h mba mEyk 31 nz. nam .di gtd nas 36 ruwm hiyz tab eda ism £r. tuw. ksa howm wi6 n.s lar 6am noww mis eka owwa mayk ani r£n ntuw anw rza nwa araw nym •tr ewEy sep tarn ?in sez we? tas 33 emt wiys bawt &en ama baw? atr arb arg bcyb ezi ayda das ayma gowz lygow 35 in. 30 .ha ktym daz m.s -na maen .St end mayf .Wl gat nin ..k hid hiyw t&a bal int wed Cer n£n z.w dem ir. nmay esk ow.w aena gan awta min rsa adi nts

30

27

26

(COKL) biyk

(conL)

ntys rst rz. S-? t.? te. &ek et Eyke

ts. ear epe 01« ese •te am ant ayk. aylay eyha lyz.

29 En6 kal miy. nat nyuw r.a sayd Oruw 6a? e.w e.e emay enf erm aymz type 28 .biy -fa Emb fen hiys iks ins iqe las mEm neg ne& s.e sik sin siy. yuws zep &eh es. anw ly.e

dit ded dad d£y. Ene EtS EZ. fii lak mam mz. mayd nd£y s.a t.a tep van wiy. wiyk ors elz en? er? ets ez. ats awt. aym. Eyks lyga 26 .de .haw .siy .er -ayg Eny fayv gad gra ISO iwa keb kuwl mtay miyn nis niyw rdiy sowft stay

25 .ray -ftiy ..1 d.e d£n deg dey Eks hiyk ite i?. may. muwv nd. nha r.w r.? rde rke swe tst wat wud wel or. eke el. ans aniy iy?e

?.?

24 .En .fa diy. f.. hiz

24

23

(COOL)

(COOL)

howl ini iss kud liy. m.a mOi m£yd miy. nayg ow.6 par an StE t.w tuwe y£a

ude wan wiyd a.s enk apl aray atay aysi iy.? iyie lyen ?.w ?En 22

-hi Z.& ale d.? 6eg 6el deb fr£ any a?w gowt ly.a han isb 23 iz. .he ks. .?ow kte kat bel be? Ifys nliy dav Erw nnay hiy. ne. IIJZ ned kayn owpe 1.? rd. no m.e n.h sta wad ndi ni? wes nni wiyg nnow Jen nfti an. nel &ep pows e.h r.6 e.6 nyt eda soway elay tin em6 anm tray tar ad. tef at. tek awn.

22 (COOL)

20

.bi awnd -gow aws. .IE ay.. .a. aynow -ay. lyda .ays uwsiy a.. ark 21 di? dan -J» .an dar gar -ay« .aym g o w . hiyt -J aks I»« kirj bed d.w kriy kal d.ft d£y. kiy. har Ida kaz m.m m£n m.b mar mte miya mwe ntr nar nja nnEy nse nowe nz. nt. ow.e nayk pin owde SEV rum ske red stEy siz tel te? tet V" vam z.a Jiys zmay zan 8ny 6Eyh zeb a.b al. e.m Orow ediy ftef eha ekl are emE anC ewa ate ep. a?. epi a?t esi ayda art. ly.w ay.? tysa aygE lyfii ayne ayer

20

19

(COOL)

(COOL)

lyliy tyze

arn awiy OdEy ela ang enEy epow eta eyuw ast ayOi iy.h lyr. uw&e

19 .EV -ow. -9 -t d.a diQ Ed. Eriy ESt cte fyuw gay. id. idi isg i/kit let Ifta lev m.t n.b niQ niz nowh nsow ntay nayt my. my. ow.? owte owz. ow6e pik rts rta skr sn£y tra tiyn tuw. t?e wiyz Jiyw yiyr z.b ar.

18 .ba ane de. Ere fEl gowe hiyg i8i k&a na? nlay nOi pan r?e stuw seb t£l tri tsiy tiyC uks zwe zye al& are 6Ey. 6iyz ed£y egi eha emb emiy enb ev6 ayki aynd

THIRD GRADE

558

18

17

16

15

(corn.)

(COOL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

aysE iyw£y 7.8 he

6Eyk abi abc aday als aliy ems amw awda awt ayma ayt.

nka nti naf nap nay. nayn nays ncyk ow.s f-V rd. rd£y red riyd ski sliy snow sowiy St. Stl t.b tev yes yuwe z.h oil oni Gin &0WZ btyr 6iye aduw age ahc show era aenh ayfa lysk lytay uwst ?ayw

d.h diz Edi EnJ ghit ify isl kbi kiyp 1.« lowz Iz. Iza m may n.n ownn owniy pud qke red rit raek ram stl sow? stiy sor siy. siya tik ts. uka w£y. wiyae Jar zba zlay zriy a.k ela anl an8 asn azr ezs a6i 8?W aen/ awn. ayd. ayte

17

-huw .mty .riy .ayn btr dal dz. flrty inm IQI iza ih k.e kla ksi kftae kep kM liO liv liys m.d m.i n.y ndiy ow.h ownl own? put pal ra res rtiy riy. s.s slay t.6 tap vit wiyr /iyz yuw. yuwg zta Ol. ola

£ V ?

iV-6 lyin lyrz lysi ly&a iye6 ?it 16

-if -Pi .SE .t£ -31 .?a arm biy. biyf biya dsow diy. tnn 8£? gowt him ike izn kar ks. k/e kaet l.w Lb Iz. leyd liyp mm n.m n.ay

IS -fay .ga -h£y .sk .way .eb ..a ban

IS (coot.)

14 (cont.)

sst SWl t.l the thiy towl tre triy tsi tte tan 14 teh tew .km uki .at vin .ayO win .?0 ..f wift ..r yuww z.k at. zgo ate t.. Zlt dye ze. dek zel tdr zem £n. onn gowd e.l gud ed. "tiaez ada hiy? afe efay id. em h ift en/ ikj inw epa erp irjg IQt erae ewi is. izh ezb azm kis krae aek. let aekt mayt any cqk n£k *?m nek aw?. niyd ow.y aywa OW&E £ydiy £yin piQ £yk. r.s rzow £ys. nyfl Cywe s.w iy.s sk£ lyfa £yda £yki lyku iyn. lyte lyem ?miy ?DI ?6e ?aym

14

13

12

12

12

11

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

iyg£ tyso tyaed uwviy

r.h r.k rbe rmiy ral ret raen riye s.b sbi smae spi sriy St. stw tmay tsw tayn V&l vbe wit Jiyzhaw eg edr efl egr elb em£y epiy asl asay et£ etiy ev. awiy ezl ezo e6i aykiy ay la lyki tyko lyne tyar uwel ?may ?eh

.ri .ak

nay h niyk n?. n?t ow.ae ow.ay owin owiq ownz

as£y etEy avi azh az& aek. aesk ay.w ayd. ayduw aygow aymiy Eype ly.y lybr tykiy lypi iyz. iyzg uwm. uwwa ?-V 11

haep hawt

13 ,ba -br az .kr -nay -8r .ayk .aye ak. buk bayk dte dwe d£yw ta.

Ell tie fio fol gowl idn im. tnh in8 Jem kil klay kliy kst ker mayg n.t nie ndr nday nfr ng£ nsk ntr nev naef naym niyt owhaw 12 owhty aw owze .miy

..0 ar? a?t base dmay dyuw dog d&£ d&e diys diyz duwi £nh £nm £nz Es. £&e £?t flf ftiy fayn gows hae? hiyd ikiy ild inz in? ISl isk itw kuwa l.s 1.9 Id. km lin lit layd layt liyn m.l m.n mza med mep nds nt. ne?

piyp

r.t rdz rga rh£ rim rni rtuw ryuw r&ae rak raep ray? sid sir) sit sli sowh saed t.s til tis trEy tiyv vek wEyz z.n z-y z&e zev oka ord ort e.p a.ay abl ed£ ehaw emo emae enp es. esp

.ar -duw -ge -kt .ko .It

ig-

ik. iki ila irjo l?S Jer k.6 k£p kri kwe l-V lEy. luws m.p mar m pi mas m ay h ngow nma nmiy nowb now& nwE n&iy owjiy ow?e p.ae Pit p&e

.naw -St -t£y ape p£yp Qk. are bal rhae bik rna bit rs. rye blae btyi rol dim rar dr£ raeo deh rfyn det riy. £9. riyn £9. s.6 sow/ fut faye son giv sot gowf sal gowaw saet h£l t.f

TABLES OF

11 (COOL)

10

.fi .fr t-y tw£ -gr val -gay w£y. -I«v .lu Jip .la Ayk yar .ma .ma yal .n£ yes yuwd .na -tr Z.l -wa z.s zncy .ap .am zowl abh aid alz arb ats ÒEyg &£yw a?. bab a.y bar ebr emm bhow btn amò i£r apu ape d-i dig ap£y aqk dij dis 0SC dz. ath dayd ati adiy Etan. fam gen «im git «V. hawm aOr idiy a?6 im. ay.h ime ay .s aygr ima i ru y ayje aysa iqd ayen iqS isw Cy.e iz. iyJ iym£y izf 108 lyva lyaw 1?. kcl iy?. UW-? kid UWW8 klow kti ?l? kar ?syg kam

10 (coot)

Ibiy Imay lya lEyi l?a m.f m.k mba mows m pa man mfta mar nfay nhi nriy ns. nta nza nOa n6a nah nayd niyh n?l owfa owm. owan p.a pta qga qin QZ. r.m rak rdn rfr rgow rik rnEy riys ruwò sgow smiy soww ttp no tayd tuwft vn vat wiy?

10 (COOL)

I-

yad yuw. yuwk yuwz ztuw zaw òiyow a.f aba abow afr ala apr apò ary ass asiy awe awa aya azg azj adi amp «may ant apa avò awnö awsa ayba ayku ayn. aysk ayt. ayts ayva ay?. ay?a Eydi £ym. iy-f ly.i lytu lyzb UW.6 uwer ?ha ?lay ?an ?aw

10 (COOL)

9 (conL)

IQQ isr izm .key lOm i?n -pr .ah kla .aw ka? .a? lis adi Imiy ar. lowv bad lak bak Ian bla lay? bown l£ya brc liyg biyb m.g iik m.y Can mil mliy d.t dar mmiy dgow mpl dha mz. dray mayn daw n.f duw. ndaw nniy d?a Ediy nowz Elm ns. nan tip clt niyg niyl esa EVI niyz fra n?g fawn owl. fayr owna f£ys owwiy g£s ps. piys gai gays qks hi? qta howp rga han rip hat rk. hiyf ria hiya rmay huwz rnz iga rowz ijuw rpi ika rsi i ko rw£ tnô rzy rz& ini ?ayd Q y

TRIPHONES

9 (COOL)

reb rEyt s.h s.t Sil skw smay spay sad san s£ym t.h t.t thow tal tuwm udn v.. vi q vmay wak waw w£ya /«yo yag yuwm yuwt z.m z.t z.ay zhiy zmiy za? z?a af. an ÒEys a.t ab£y ads agay aka aki aka am? ana anr ar; atw azk azn azt

9 (COOL)

azw azay a?b ami avi aez8 aw.. awna aws. awts ayka aym. aymg aymay aysa aysa £yba £ykft

559

8 (COOL)

.ÒOW -a? .awt -I -P adiy akt am. ama arp blow bluw br£y bam bas biys bayz d.f tykty d.n £ymd dt£y £ymi daf £ynj deft £ywiy dawt £yan dayn £yar d£yz lydow duw. iy£n Eft iyf£ Eld lyja Ens lyka Epa En lyti lymf Ers lymay ES. lyn. E?. lynay fayt lyr. gowb gowh lysa lyt. gay. hil lywa lywiy hwa ?.h idy ?wiy ilz iliy 8 inj -bl my iqb .da iqh .d£ iqft -g£ .kiy isp .m£ iti .sn itk IVZ .sa

8 (COOL)

iva izl ifta k.i k.s kuk kEyr kiy. kiyk l.h Lay lad Ibi lEf lown Iruw 1st Isa laym miz mayl maya n.i nak nd£ ndow nd6 nd? nsay nzr n8r naw nan naw. nay? n?n n?w owla owsa owap owat owawt par piyd q.a qki qar r.b r£g rga ns ne

8 (COOL)

8 (COOL)

rki zown rlz zst rn. z6e rnd ZÒI rowl af. rowa aiq rwiy ak. ras akt raz als ras ans reyd any riyp ast ruwb az. 6£yd s-V s£k ÒEyt sin òiyf sgay a.a sk£y abay oài sma snay aia sow. afy spl air sta ama enj sa. t.r ana tfay ana tsa apa tsk arc aruw tsa tsò ató tsay at? twiy a?s t/iy e?t t&i e?iy t6a afa tan asa tuws at& ud. *?g udì awnn uk. ayga ukt aykt v.a aymi v£n ayma vtuw aymEy WlJ aypl wiya aypu Jud ayth Jiyd ayv. ayz. /iyh ye. ay?t z.l Ey.a zgow £ yd.

THIRD GRADE

560 7 7 (coot) (COOL) cyme bay. Ika qan tya. taz lak ijen d.t r.f tyz. laa lyls dan liy. r.n m.r rtor dn. lyt man rdg iytt dra mfr day rgr lyal uwm. daiy mga ad uwtn daf mid rma ?.» dfc mpt rown rat mak ?.a da? ?di daym maa rftty ?tv diya mwE nyb ?now duwy mal ayw ?ab tla mat a.i £lw maw? a.k ?»P may? M t Clft 3VCI? miyt sa a 7 miyw aga tna £t& .an n.k air -baw •far n.iy atow gtô n£i aat -fli gin nfi aav .he .hw gow. nfa aaya gow& nha aty. -It gayz nif aiyft .1» gtyv ni6 t.n .ma nmi .mi ha. tgow .owk hayk nat tka tmiy -piy haya nai nyiy tat ida .ra nae tarn .a« igb ik. niyp tan .ta .tw imm niya taow ow.f tar .wu imt ina ow.m tya owl m t6f .01 inf -al ipa owmay tei ownh tayg .a* IQW owz. tfyl izg -ayf owzd tiyO •VP i?d k.w owzt tuwb -iy k.? ow&i uk6 a«. an6 urn. kag P-t arf ki? p.? vtr kra vah arn pal a?w kwi pat WLL bca kad payd wim wak bar lar IJ.I Id. q.a wayd bad Q.? wiyf bayft Idi biyt lu QZ. wiyl 8

(COOL)

7

(COOL)

7

7

.

6

(coot)

(COOL)

wiym wiyn wiyp Jat 1« y«ye? yur yaw yuwl z.f zht zha Zll zna zray zat ant aray aoi. Omay

ayfe -ayj aymft .aya ayown aie aytô amg ayôe amiy ay?n ana fym. arg tymz at& fyat azi tyaa a?m tyt. a?a tyt a?6 lyar bowt braw lyfa tylb bawd lymd biyi lyp. biy6 lypa bay. lytr C.e tytuw Cil lyzn Siz d.r. lyzs lya. dgr dik lyat uw.a dowv uwgt dn uwgow druw uwl. dan uwyuw da? diyk ?.6 ?.ay ta. ?bi tda ?da tke ?gow tlz ?ow. flay ?owl ink tps ?aa ?t. trd tt. ?t6 fth ?6a tze 6 flay .bfy gid .dow goww gowa .ku -kay gtym .liy h.. .ra hap .ar hty. hiyp .0a .av iii .at lie

6IIJ

6ad 6iyay aba af. afa alow amaw amuw aqg arow aaow atp att azz aza e6iy ada ad& aka aka anb aa ash avt a?. a?a a?a awna aw?a ayda

(COOL)

6

6

(COOL)

(conL)

imay int inj ipt irjn iQr ish ltd

m how mme mowr mps mpiy mzi mel mem mad maws maya mtyh miyft n.t n.J n.r nda ndz nga nki nkl npl nsiy nwi nji nzd nayf nayp niyf niyv n?. n?b n?h n?ay

U.

Ua izi tal Jan J*Q Jiyp k.b k.k kdaw kmay krty kad kaa kwt kya kaa ka? kuww la I.I laz Its Ige Imow Iwe Iwiy lao lar l&t I6i lab lak law Ityg Ityn Uyz liye m.t M.J

mdi mdaw mil mga

6 (corn.)

rbiy rdi rtk rtz rfi rhaw rhay rla rks rka rmty row. ray rs. rak raay rt. rwi rzb rzw re. ref rep rev ruwe r?. S.I s.m sde stm sha ah at ska ska OW.l skaw ow.n ama owba sowd owfi sowf owkty sse owway swe ow/e swiy p.w sae s8i Pil pla s&a prt aawn siyn pay ped aiyw t.k pap qdaw tbe Qlay tdaw ttd r-J thi rbt

6 (eont.)

6 (COOL)

tit ehi tiz ehe tlay ek. tsg ekr tuwO eks ume ekaw v.? ekty vga ekiy vwe elg ve. elu ved elw vea el6 viy. etty wal emf wan emk wep ept wayt err wiyt erv era ;-»y Jiyl esg /iym esa Jiya etn ye. et/ z.d ety z.r evm zdaw ezf zis ezy e?m zji zje abi zkr aba zwt adm zwiy adz zes ale ztyt am m aim ame alow anf amay ang anf an] anh ank arm ava arp avt arw awnt e. awar &tm aw?. 6e8 aw?f fttyp aw?t e.i ay.6 e.r aybcy ayfr eft efty ayhe ayin aga eh. aykd

TABLES OF T R I P H O N E S

6

6

5

5

(cont)

(cont.)

(COM.) (cont)

ayms ayn. ays. a yst ayti ayes ayev ayez eymaw eypu tyrtyta eytiy £yw£ tyal ly.b ly.k iy.1 ly.t tybe iyi. lyfay lygi lyhi lyhaw iyk. iyk£y lyld iyl£ lyll lylu lymi lypl lypu lyrQ lyre lytow lytey lyyuw lyzl tyzr ly&a lyab lycn uw.w uwba uwdi

uwòa ?.b Par ?biy Piz ?t.

aòi b.. ble bri bek ban baya Can d-y dag d£r dij dmi dal dawP dayv d£yn diyd diyg diyp duwò

?WI

Par Pa6 Pa? PayPays Piys ayze

jc .b£ -dr .fl .kl .nh -nò .my -owg -owy -pi -r£

-Sl

-sp

sty

-tu -tiy -ed -af -eg

-96

.aef .ayb -iys

-UW.

-?£y ..e aki alz an. and am UWlt ant uwke ar. uwmiy ary uwnz at. uwzt ath

£-W £br fki £l.

elf

£ly £may £n£ Enow ena £viy tel fl« fet fay? gre gre gzgz gat hev has hawd hiyh hivl hiyl hiya huw. ids ifay igow

igs igz il. ili llow

imi

inb ing ini mow ipipe iqa isd itb itm it6 izb iPe Un JtyJ k.t k.a k£r kfe kip kiz ksk ksl ksa kt. kun kyuw kfte keq kev kab kawt k£yv l.b Ian Ibow Ibe Ida ld& Idaw

l£V

Ife igt Ihiy III lie

5

(cont.) lowIs. Ite

5 (COOL)

n?a ow.d ow.r ow.o owhow owka owli owmf ownow owr. owsE owtuw owwa owzb

5

(cont)

rEy? nyk riyz let ruws 1er sar led SES lem SE? layi skiy lEy. smE Iiyd sowm liyv spow mad spuw m£k ssp mhiy sa. m re OWZl sef mam owòEy seg m&i oways ses meb seò P-6 m a w d p£n sawt m£yt phi sayz n.d pig siyE n-g pre suwz n.l t.m ps. n.ow psi t-ay n-p pu/ tdi puP tir n-J pen nal tía Q.h nba tne n£uw Q.Ò tnay truw ndy QiQ Qk. nda ttuw n£l tyuw r-g r.ay nfa taf rba nfe tbiy nna ttyi rds n o w p rfa tiynowv rfay tiyz nowP rgay tuwd rhiy npe ud. rif ukm nsp ntt ril um. rk. nwa ure nzh rl. uts nzi rna v.6 noi rpiy vse nayl rwa vye n£yh veb r/i nEyv rfli viys nfyw rab viyz waj niyn r«i nPk rayi wEe n?m wiz raya

561

5

5

5

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont-)

wayl /ik

ehiy ekw elE elh elt emd emow emy epE ®rj erEy esf esw esa eta etb etf evt ez? eftE eftow eP. e?t e?k abs ad. akw aky ani anp anz api aesn avw awe a?d awmE awze aw?& ay.k ay.m ay.e ay.a aydaw ayfE ayfi ayhE ayk. aykE aykh aykr ayks

ayky aylt aynl aypi ayr. ayny ayvg aywi ay6r ayem ayan ayiyt Ey-t Ey.w Eygow EyjEy Eymp EymO Eyrz Eyre Eyvty Eyflr ly.m ly-ay lytz lykl lykr lylg lynEy lyowl lyowj lyrd lyrs lyriy lysp lyta lyviy lywi lyzi lyzw lyOr lyes lyev lyez lyaf uwl.

uw?e P.m ?.n Pan Pbe Pba Pfa ?gt ?gay Phe Phiy Pkay ?niy Powv Psc Ptuw PwE Pyuw ?Ai Pef Pes Pet Payh ayer

al. aliy ams amy an? arti arr ata att a/aab a?k a?a bEn bil bme bruw bas biy. biyn biyz ÔIQ Ctyn d.b d.m d./ d.ay dbay dtb del dev dhiy d]a dnr dnt dn? dow. dowl dru dra dsi dse dwiy dze dayl dayw deyd diyb diyw e.. ebe edaw

5

/iyp iiy?

yet yuwf yuwp yuwr yuwj

z-g

z.a zbE zdEy zfr zge zhow zkay zlEy zpiy zre zruw zyuw zze zal zflr zek zez zan af& aki alb alt an. an? ary arb ate a/iy Oru 6 as ÒEyl ÒEya ÒEye ebm eil ed. edow edt edy ef. afa agu

4A .am -ba -buw -daw -day -diy -fa -how -hay -id -I£ -ka -luw .maw -ow. -pe -suw .wa .wEy -ab

UWSE ..UW

ab. aCi uwzd a g o w u w e d ak. uwem a k a uwse

UWWE

4

562

T H I R D

G R A D E

4

4

4

4

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i?m i?r I« It? Jim I« Ima Iowa I»e I«yjeym Jiyn Juw. Juwi luws k-g k.l k.n kj k-y k.ay ka. kad kba kba kday khi kha khiy kiS kla kow kowl kre kra ksb ksc ksò ksay ktaw kul k/ow kad

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566

THIRD

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2

2

2

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(conL)

(cool.)

(com.)

Stl stn sts sty

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vll viae vmi vmiy vowp

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its /wi /am /es /ev VSl /C yr Jiyn vtiy vya Jiyt vzr /iyô V3W Juw. vOi Juwt vflr yae vew ycb y£l val viyt y£t yha v?e W-? ynow w£J yows yoww wip yrb wir w o w w yar wul yej wum yej wun yez wu? yea we. ye? weg yad weh y«f yuwh weO yuwiy wet wag yuw? wawe z.p way. z.aw z.iy way. wayy zbu waye zbay w£yf zbiy wtyb zbay wiyty zd. w?e zfa waye zfu /-w zfcy zim /-/ ziz /.a Jad Zl? /ar zka zla it r zlow JtQ zme ik« zmaw Jlay Jowd zm£y zne Jti

2

2

GRADE

2

2

2

2

2

2

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(cont.)

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2

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TRIPHONES

1

1

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1

1

1

1

(cont.)

(conL)

(cont)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont)

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bal bar ba? baw. bawz bawò bay. bayf bayi bayl bays bayO bayay bayEy bEyg bEyr biym biyp biyr biyv biyy biye biyay biyty buw. buwb buwh buwm buwn buws buwe bayf bayi bayw baye e.b C-i C-I 6. s C.w t.b a.? Cap Car ¿a? ebiy íde ¿di öde ¿ES öEe ífe

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dak da? dba db£ dbr dbu dba dba dbEy dbiy dea dey dCEy ddg ddi ddp dda ddsy dE. d£a dfa dfr dfa dfay dfiy dfuw dga dgi dga dhuw di. die dif dir dia dji djò dia dka dki dkr dka die dlow dip die dia dma dm£y dmiy dmuw dnd

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1

1

1

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1

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1

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l

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(coot)

(coot)

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(coot)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

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(COOL)

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560

TABLES OF T R I P H O N E S 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

(cont-)

(cont.)

(COIIL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont.)

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IPIpu Ipay Ipty Ir« Isl Ism Isn Isr Isw Isa Isiy It. Iti Itu Itw lt£y Itiy luí lum Iva Ivm Ivay lw£ Iwu lw£y IJ" l/ow IJ» Izd Izt Izg Izl Izow Izt izy Izo Izaw Iziy Iz? lat Idv low lOty Iftow laf lag lal lap la/ laz i»e

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mda me. m£v me? mfl mfu mfa mfa mga mgr mgay mhm mha mhay mit muy mi? mkt mky mía mm. mma mmh mma mma mna mnt mnow mna mnuw mowd mowk mowm mowz mp. mpa mph mpu mp& mrow mruw msa ms£ msi msl msp mss msa mti mta mtaw mwa

mwu mwoy myow mza mz£ mzf mzj mzk mzl mzn mzp mzy mzz mz6 mzaw mof moa m&£ m&ow ma. maf may mak maa maa ma? may. mayC mayl mayp maye meyb meys mtyft miyg miyk miyp miya miyfl miyay muwn m?i m?p m?a n.a n.v n.z n.e n.uw na. naa nad

nah naow na/ naay nbow nC. nid niv n tb ndd ndg ndp ndí ntf ntb nfl nfa nga nh£ nhw

(conL)

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1

1

1

1

(cont.)

(cont)

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(conL)

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570

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Ora Oray QSk rjsn QS3 Ose qsa Qtay Qt£y qw£ oye 0« Ozaw Ofli O&i O&a 06iy Oe. oef 0»9

gek oet Oez Q8Ô Oad 0«f Oam oan Oat •jayd oayl oaym oayt Oiyh QiyJ Q?i r.a r-I ray raí rar rbi rbow rbaw rbuw rC. rCf rift

U?E U?l

TABLES OF

1

1

1

1

1

TRIPHONES

1

1

1

1

1

(corn-)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(coru)

(cont.)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

u?n u?s u?6

vyiy

wna wnt wnt wn& wown wowz ws. wuf wup wua

Jowz Jst

ysi yst yt£ ytu yun yuj yuz ywa yon yab y a£ ya£ yaf yai yav yayn yuwa yuwf yuwj yuwy z.a z.C z.z z-i z.e zaf zal zbr zbaw zCE zSi z£e zda zd£ zdi zda zday zduw

zjow zja zka zki zkow zku zl£ zla zliy zluw zm£ zmow zmp zma zmuw zn. znp znt znj znz znaw znay zow. zpa zpp zpa zrf zrow zraw zsl zsm zsp zsw zsa zsaw zsuw zta

zziy

olh oik 01/ olaw om. omp omt

oz? oOe oa. oeb oek oem oet oayk o?r

Oan Oawt Oaym Otye Otya Ouw. 0uw6 0?i

Z£.

ztow ztr zts ztEy ztiy

VO?

vOe v6E v&ow v.k v6o V.I v.n v6a v.s v6iy v.e ve. v.a vaf vav val vam vaz vbay va? vdow vaf vak vd6 vdaw v a n vtv vap vaew vfi vawt vfl vfr vay. vaym vfiy vgow vayt vayw vge vhow vEys viyf vhe Vll viyi viym vke viyw vka vkay viyb viy? vkcy v?r via v?o vlay w.r vliy w-6 vma wat vme w£. vma vnow web wed vna vpr w££ vrow wch vro w£q WES vre vsk w£6 vsov* w£ay W£? vst W.l

wwa

JOV

W3d

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wof W DJ wftow wa. wafi wa£ wef wak wak waa waww wayow wayr wayw wayb wayiy w£yb w£yh w£ys w£y8 wiyC wiyi wiyft wuwd J-a J-i M J-z I-o J-? /£l

Jhuw /id

vsiy vtc vta vwu vwuw vyi

W1W

Jig Jim Jiw Jke Jmiy Jnz

wmiy

/u-

WW.

Wlf

WIDOW

/tJtm /to

Jur Jwiy Jyuw Jar

VSO

wia wt? wlv

/»•

/•»

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z£k z£m z£v zfi zfa zfuw zflr zgu zhm zhu zho Zlf ztl

Zt£

ZVl

zwu ZW3

zway zw£y zjiy zya zyr zz£

ZDV

zsa zii z&r z6iy zaC zai zal zay zaek zaa zaw. zawn zay. zayti zayp zayt zayw zayO zaya z£yd ztyr ziyi ziyl ztyr ziyt ziyw ziy? z?h 3.1

3d£y otv of£ ofs oft ofw OfJ ofy ofo of£y og£ ogg ogt oga oin 01?

okd Dkh okl okow oka

omw

omz oma ona onb ont ond onf onw onz oowb opt OQb oqg OOP org arh orl orr ora

3?W

own owo

o?e its 2lay *yr tyuw to. tar ies tuwe O.b e.k e.t e.a e.? 8a r Oat ebl Qbay Ode OEn 6fu Ogow 9hi 9im Okr Ska Oma Sows Opa 6r£ 8sow Osp Osa Osa Otuw

0W&

OWE

OS.

ost osb osa OS?

ote otd otk ott oty ov. ovf ovn DVW

ova jwm

owe o/a ozb OZl

ozb oziy

OWOW

Oyuw Oad Oek Oes Bez

1 (conL)

&?a e.iy e.uw ean ebd ebp eC. Bt\ 6-E e£m efit 6.a Aba eCa edt &ba edn &E6Eb edu 6t. edv ftid edw 6i? ad? bmay e£k 6ow. eEl 6owi e£n Sown a£v eta &OWS &owe af£ &row efk efow &od &OZ afiy 66iy ag6 egEy 6el 6eow egiy &ev eguw 6a6 ehh ehm bee &eay ehs ehw &e£y 6eiy etl 6a. eit 6am eiz &av ei? 6aew eja 6ae ej£ 6awd ekb ekd 6£y£ ekj 6£yf eky 6£yt ekz 6£y] 6£yow ekuw 6£ya aie 6tym elm elO &tys env &tyw &iyaw eown eowp 6iy?

1 (conL)

apb app ep? epoy erjs eqt era ert asa esO es& es? ate etd etg etl etow etz ate etaw evk evz evaw eviy eww ewaw ew? eju ejuw ey. eyh eyt eym eys eyt eya eyiy azO eol eOm eOp e6t aOa aOiy e6b e&m ee. eek aap ees eet eew

572

THIRD

1

1

1

1

1

GRADE

1

l

1

1

1

(cOflL)

(COOL)

(com.)

(COOL)

( cont)

( cont)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont.)

(cont.)

•M aah aav amm aawt eayd •ayr atyr aiyC aiyd •lyp •lyr •?d •7f

aik alow •W ala aliy am. amf ami amt ana apb •Pt apd «Pf apy apiy aq. aqi aq8 age aert arj aal asm asy aaiy atf atg atp atr att atay atty atiy avg avh avk avn avy avz ava aw. awi aws »Ja/. a/h a/i aja az. azt azy

azz az& all atuw mO. a8b a6c aba aa. aaf aap aaz aa? aaf aan aayg aayr aiys atyz a?k a?l a?p a?/ a?z a?a a?? aw.f aw.g aw.h aw.n aw.a aw.ay awC. awi. awfib awd. awdow awda awday awduw awcn awgow awgay awhuw awku awl. awla awm. awmr awmay awmiy awna

awnc awnf awni awnm awnr awnz awne awna awowd awowl awrow awsb awsd awsk awaow awst awaa awti awtn awtw awtD awte awwa awwc awji awfe aw/iy awyuw aw6. awec awOf awOa away. awayg awayv awaya awayiy awiyd awiyg awiyh aw?g aw?] aw?a aw?w awTy ay.b ay.C ay.n ay.p ay.r ayba aybg

aybl ayba ay6c ayCty aydd aydg aydl aydm aydy ayft ayfw ayfo ayfaw ayfty aygl aygft aygty ayhow ayhaw ayhiy ayhuw ayit ayi? ayjiy aykb aykj aykk aykp aykj aykO ayk? ayld ayly ayla ayley ayme aymr aymj aymuw aym? aynb aynj aynm aynp aynw ayna ayn6 aynb ayna ayniy aynuw ayn?

aypEy aypuw •yog ayrc ayrow ayra ayra ayab aysh aysw ayaay aytb aytt aytf aytg aytl aytm aytn ayty ayta ayuz ayvd ayvf ayvl ayvp ayvr ayva ayvO ayva ayvay aywow aywcy ayja ay/u ayjuw ayyc ayyow ayyu ayya ayz. ayzm ayzt ayzaw ayzay ayal ayan ayar ayOa ayOaw ayba aybiy aya.

ayai ayaf aya? ayaz ayawiy ayayn ayays ayaye ayaya ayty? ayiy. ayiyg ayiy? ayuwk ay?b ay?C ay?d ay?h ay?i ay?s ay?a ay?iy ey.d Ey.E Ey.g Ey.a £ya. £yam £yan £ybr £ybu Eyba £ydb £ydf fydr £ydy £yd? £y£n Eyfr EyEv Eyfa Eyfa Eyfaw Eyga Eygd Eygh Eygi Eygl Eygz Eygo Eyge Eygty

Eyha Eyhi Eyhaw Eyim Eyit EyiO Ey]ow Eyja Eyka Eykl Eykr tyky Eyka cyka Eyld EylE Eylow Eyls Eyla £yma £ymh Eyms Eyma Eym6 Eynd £yni Eynm £ynp Eynt Eynw Eyny Eyni Eynay £yn? Eyowp £yp. Eypa Eygh £yrb Eyrd Eyri Eyrj Eyrk Eyrl Eyrn Eyrs Eyrw Eyry Eyrs EyrO Eyray Eyal

Eysn Eysr Eysaw Eysay Eys£y Eytd Eyth Eytn Eytow Eytw Eyta Eytb Eyt? Eyv. Eyvm Eyvs Ey/n Ey/ow Eyya Eyyi Eyys Eyyu Eyya Eyya Eyzg Eyzh Eyzn Eyzw EyzJ £yz6 Eyzaw Eyziy Eyaw £yiy EyOow £ybi £y6a £ya. Eyad Eyaf Eyat £yav Eyaw Eyaz Eya? Eyad Eyaf Eyat EyawC Eyawt Eyayh Eyayv

Eyayw Eyiyf £y?d £y?ow Ey?p Ey?y £y?a ty.d iy.£ tyak lyal tybow tybu tyba tybEy lybiy tybay lyCg lyti lyfin iyCp lyCs iy£x lyCEy tydf lydg lydm lydt lydu lydy lyda lyday iy£d iy£s tyfa tyfu tyfy lyfiy tyfuw lyga lyhE tyhl tyhy iyh£y tyhiy lyif iy|a iyjiy lykm tykow lyks lykw

lykay iyl. tylm »ylw lyla iy!6

•?y mai abl sbm mti act ada ad£ adg asdh •dl adn adp adv adj ady ada afa afd afk afa afaw agz agiy ah. a h ay aii) ais ai? aka akd ake akp ake aka akay all

1 (cont.)

iyyt iyyi iyz£ iyzk tyzow tyzaw lyzey lyity tyluw lyziy lym. lyal lymk lyor l y m o w lyab lymz lyta l y m i y iyea lynf iyek lyng tyOaw lynp iyblyns iy6ow lynw iy6r iyn6 tyba lynaw lyftEy lynuw lye. lyows lyaC lyeh type iyp£ iyaj lypm tyaw iyp6 lyaa iypay l y a l lyra lyat lyrow lya? tyru lyawd lyra lyawt iyr& tyaw? lysi lyayh lyss tyayk tysw lyaye iys6 iyayaw tysa iyEyb tysaw iyEyt lyta tyiyi lyv. lyiyd lyva lyiya lyvg lyiyt lyvi tyiy? tyvr lyuw. lyvt lyuwa lyva tyuwe t y w a iy?b iy?i iyjlyja iy?k ly/u iy?l iy?m iy/Ey lyya iy?n

T A B L E S OF TRIPHONES

l

i

l (conL)

i

l (cont.)

(conL)

(cont.)

iy?p iy?s iy?u iy?y iy?D iy7e iy?ae ty?aw iy?£y uw.a uw.t uw.r uwaC uwam uwba uwbc uwbl uwbo uwbc uwbcy uwbiy uwboy uwC. uwCt uwd. uwda uwdow uwdr uwds uwdy uwda uwday uwdiy uwf. uwgi uwgu uwga uwgEy uwh. uwh£ uwhi uwhow uwhaw uwhiy uwhuw

u w k c uwOaw ?ik uwkiy uwd£y ?iq uwlf uwa. fif uwag ?ie uwlg uwlk uwej ?kd uwll uwak ?kl uwaeti ?ko uwlr uwxn ? k c uwlt uwaet ?la uwla uwmb uwaw. ?lt uwmm uwawa ?li uwmr uway. ?liy uwma uways ?luw uwmawuw£yt ?ml uwna uwiyc ? m p uwnd uwiyz ?mt uwnc uwiy? ? m í y uwny uwuw. ?n. uwna uw?. ?na uwnoy uw?. ?nd ?ng uwpl ?.e ?nh uwpr ?.r uwpEy ?ae ?ni uwpuw ?aa ?nr uwri ?nt ?aay ?nw uwrow ?a? uwrp ?ba ?n6 uwrfl ?be ?naw uwny ?bo ?n£y ?baw ? o w d uws. ?owk uwsm ?Ca ?ows uwsn ? C a uwss ?Suw ? o w w ?owiy UWtl ?d. ?pd uwtow ?d£ ?dm ?pm uwtr uwta ?do ?pow uwv6 ?day ?pr uwway ?diy ?P» uwj. ?£. ?paw ?r£ uw/a ?£b uw/ty ?Ed ?ri uwjiy ?£fl ?sb uwyiy ?tl ?sn uwz. Wi ?s& uwzl 7f» ?»» uwzm ?fty ?saw uwziy ?fiy ?td uwad ?fll ?tf uwok ?go ?tg uwO. ?g£y ?th uwOa ?ho Tto

UW1Q

uwis uwiz uwiB uwjn uwja uwku

í (conL)

(cont)

?te ?tty ?t? ?uh ?v£ ?wa ?wo ?w£y ?/ow ?/iy Tya ?yiy ?zw ?am ?ov 70i ?aQ ?av ?az ?s6 ?aa ?aiy ?a*h ?mk 7M ?w] ?az ?asay ?aw. ?awd ?ayb ?ayj ?ayk ?ayow ?ay; ?ayO ?ayae ?ayiy ?ayuw ?£yg ?£yk ?£y0 ?.y. ?iyd ?uw. ?uwi ??a ?ay. oy.E oy.h oy.m oy.w

ay.6 oy.a ay.ay oyfr oyga ayin oyla oyn. oynft oyníy oynuw ovog ays. aysk Dysíy aywa ayz. oyza ayzw oyzo oyz6 oyzft syziy ayOr

573

8.9.3 Fifth Crade

Tables of Triphones Fifth Grade 517 .aen 385 am. 371 .an 355 ..w 353 wan 323 t.. 301 6er 296 waz 291 -V 289 .we 251 -hiy 250 layk 248 n.. 247

232 ar. 227 z.. e6e 226 .ya 225 anow 221 yan

-J»y 181 S179 6£n 178 ow.. 176 -yf 174

213 .am

ter

209

ver

..a 206 ..a 201 .w£ 200 war 197

171 168 sem an. 164 dar 162 6is 161

-wiy ste

.6a

195

6Er

wtn 191 6iq

•y

186

240

now.

r..

184

160 159 m.. 158 n6e

156 hav 155 .6 153 ana 150 ..h 6a?

129 had n&c 128 .6£y and 125 ..n 123

.may

..s Emy en6

147

122

149

ar. 143 ars 141 .yuw iy.. 140 tywa 138 dfar 137 .be 135 -?e 133 den 131 ide

did 121 ant ard 120 1erz 117 pity an. 115 ans 114 .now now. abaw

111 (conL)

(COOL)

W£l «n.

yer ark

95

110

94

..?

Tts

108

93

ist

10-

107

92

del

6at

106

91

Jes

tsa est

104

89

nda

tvr

103

87

-6£ ere

?am 86

102 zen

ken 85

101 end

..d ez.

100

taym 97 k..

112

96

?we

an6

kem enw erl eze 81 080 ine mis eniy 79 ..ow nwiy 78 Cer sta enn uw.. 77 ..m in& ten yea

84

76

owve vny ern lyha

baw? gat men

83

nhiy ran zin ade

down 98

82 (cont.)

a? £n. n.e

111

95

82

.sow

.6*

£ve 578

75

74 art

73 riyl 72 ven 71 iq. njiy 6et 70 bet dawn nd. ada ame enay iyCe 69 bed l?W kaz a.. eve 68 ..b n&£y ner sen z.e 67 -i sow. erw £y.. 66 her n£v

65 £1. one em. iys£ 64 big for it. n£ym tar tiyi erg ayk6 tydi 63 m.w rwe &e. 62 an .se rem rayd egf el. er6 61 dem dez me6 eke erh aywa 60 we? yuwn •h»

59

54

i/t nwe wet wiyw egow ayhc

hiyw lid n.6 eh. ayke

58 .ayd irjk Ony iy6i 57

53 be? bak din las ediy ewe

52 .de maym .tuw .eh tag erf a&e aylay gowi uwnow iQe is. 56 kin its nte 1er skuw nsow sez owld wiyh tad y£e wiyk bes &ew aba eri 51 erm ese ade nmay 55 nne ard nyd fte eve lyst g«? hiyi 50 nye ser -aym ark &eb aydow ow.& £nt g"

T A B L E S OF T R I P H O N E S

SO (coot)

46 (com.)

43 (eont)

39 (eont)

37 (eont)

34 (eont)

32 (eont)

30 (eont)

scd t.a •1. aft lyda

haf int nsa nts par tarn bak apa ats a7t

rse raft uda ftcyw ans Eywe

tin wud zar 316 •Pas. anay at ayk.

Oar ala amy aymz Eyha

giv may. mayn nz. ne6 str toh vam wiy.

16a lam mar Stl sta ta. ala ayga ayOi lyba

na. nap ow.h par no sow6 tuwa vin wiyr adi aduw alay awn.

49 IM kta m .6 rawn wiO •mi aru lyga 48 .ha .lay ini kan kuwl mayf miyn n.w nyuw ttyk erb •t. ayme 47 dab End fra gar in. IQZ pal rda òam amp emz anh am any ewEy 46

.61

art faò

45 .ka bar bawt d.a M . s.a yuwk bag abiy azi ana aydi AA 44

a.. bra dav hiz hiyd ita kaz nit rcn rba scz SIS ts. a?. lywE 43 .ayl dig Ede Erz f.. fl£?

hiyr min n.a

42 ar? bol fayv kal mayd ow.w ran ali 41 .ow. Est tc) twa tas 40 iza kiQ n£n OWIQ pan rze tray wad ftan araw ats lypa 39 .ar ta. Er. hiy. ksa kal kfta nas nat rst sik swe

?..

38 .di .a. bal das Enay Er. gowz gud htys kar m.a nam ts. wai yuws 6ap ont an m an/ api ayda ly.a lyz. 37 .En .ayh .ayw .?ay ..k dad Eks En6 gan haz it. kit rz. tap Jiyz

36 .ta ..E dfy. Eni Enw gan ika in. nat ni? noww ownl Jiyw on6 er>6 ayuw ?ta 35 .fa Era IZ. kar

uy-

ntuw niyO ow.a Pr.a rta tab te6 zwa art ada ang at. ayda aymiy ?e. 34 .wi dit day

Jiy-

Z.6 ard 6£yh aTw awda lyka ?an 33

¿EV .gow di? dad gad Ian mar mwa mOi nin nnt nnow sin stiy sab tuk tuw. wal wiyd 6od 6£yd em® any ant ly.w lyzg 32 at Ena En? hEd liQ

31 -ab -ayg .aye -?E -t its iks iva i?. I.a n.h nowft nan owwa r.a sap t.a Jan 6af atE ata aynd uwst 30 .bi .mi .al ..f ala buk biyk dEn Ens Eriy Ez. frE kud muwv nowa

29 .ha dap d£y. Ea. Ed. g ra grEy hiyg kayn lEys ndi nad nayt own? owst r.w rayt tap tiyn v6a wiyg Jiyd /iys yuwz zta 6ah alz an? arow ati a?w aykt ty.a lyve ?6a

28 .St d6a Eta g£d haws luk n.? nha ow6a rdiy rga sal tin v.. odEy amt arp asi awiy awta aw?. ayki aynow ayna 27 -hi .IZ -Je at. ata d.6 ins iq& ks. kap Ida Iz. lag nst niyw rtiy St. stEy tik awiy &iyz am6 amay ank anp atr anh

577

27 (eont)

25 (eont)

24 (eont.)

piyp rEs rum riya siz t.h tak taf 26 yiyr yuwg .biy .haw z.w .if &a? nyriyb ftEyr .?a bik sda al£ da. soway ani k.a spE aray atw kst tfta kad wiyz av& m.h aya *-y mil azb zya m ayk 6owz a d ly.h nliy 6Ey. ntay agay tyka arE lyliy naf rin amp 23 anw riyt ruwm ata -riy swi .ayn aza wEr ayan aks Eybiy ana Jiyg lyan z.h ats zlay ?.a d.a ale dal 24 dta aliy dak ary .sty btyb atiy Ell ann dyuw idi inf igt Eyda uwka inn kid ?in lin IQl ?an liv 1er mows m.ay 25 mayb mba .na miy. mays n.y .SE n.ay .an n£k na? -8r mi] nal njo pud -0 nlay Q.a Eia Eny nah r-y nayw rma Ea. fyuw n?. rye ara ast awnd Eyka lygow lyza ?En

ind m.y mEyk nt. niys par r.h rdrks rz. rak

FIFTH GRADE

578

23 (com.)

riyO sar tek tuw. zfta adr eki 9kl emiy ask ay.. ayfa aysi iy.s iyrz

21

-ay. a?t

20

20

(cont.)

(cont.)

.el .ayk dye ..a diy. dre £nn dz. £nj duwi gow. ilk i8m iss IVZ ki? k£ym lis l£yn l.w lab m.s m.J m.ae maen mz. miy. nd£y nar nan 22 niz neb .fay nt. niyz .ko nz. ow.b nSi rdi ..1 nak rfe fen nayd rke ow.ay rlz g ks. r.6 rn£y k6i rd£y rts kaet rcyd reb laen riy. s.w ngow sayd r?e sen nnay twe neg ye. t.? owin z.ae HQ pin a.w tat riym e.y Wl6 9.6 s.6 yuw. sev eday yuwl St. alb yuwr sta z.? etay triy evi zga /iyh az. ode y£s azs &el zeb aekt ekr 3l. sv. epow ore aw?t er? aym. e?e anb as. lyr. aeny ask uw&e aen? ?tuw ae?. a?b awt. ayks 20 ayyuw Eydi lyk. .fr lybr ?.w lyn. .ray lytay t..

19 (cont.)

18 (cont.)

izn Jam k.ae .duw kra k&e -ga at. Zl? Id. diz zny Id. zon deg Iz. zem m.? deh £n. zes miz £nh ols mayl Erw e.k nev ebi niy. fif howl ed. ow.y p£n kiyp efr rjka lev age m.b aid gte amb rd. m.i miQ asp r£d azm mz. rk. ryuw ezt mbe m£yd 8Z& riys n.b st£ aed6 aeni n.m sye n.; awn& s£y. ayt. nd. t-v nmi type tel nowh iy.5 ud. n&ae lyse uka niy. lyz. wim w£y. ow.ae 18 owda Viowen .fi an. piyp -pl ôiye ra .sk e.f rhae .ays a.t rk. dan ebl sit diy. afi s&e gowd afa siy. gowt aka t.w g£yv ala hm. t-6 anf howm ana thiy hiyh anas tsr htyl en£y tst tor id. epi tew ift esc taen ify ess tuw& im. ezg wiys is. ezh wiyae isi ezn Jar iz. aykm ly&a 19

AO yak yes yuw. yuwd

18

17

(cont.)

(cont.)

aykae Eyks iyje lyr. uwzt ?6ae

al. ars 0.. eh m ehow ekae emh 11 7/ emm .IE epiy .way err bri ere d.w et& dag ewa a?t det £dt awt. £diy ayst cpt ayt. £?t Ey.e Eym. ftiy g£n iyg£ gowe lypl gayz uwl. hiyb ?-6 i£a 16 ika im. .pu inm .si .t£ iQg isb .tw .ar i?e kriy .ep .ayv liVm.t -P bed mpe d.h mat mayg d.y dhae n.i ndaw dz. ns£ dayd dEyz ntiy ownn diys owwiy fba imi r.s tt]b rit rek mi rtyt IQ3 isg sse stuw l?S thae lad tev lak vEn let lis ves

16

16

(cont.)

(cont.)

leyd m.m mal mes n.s n.t ndr nsi nay. nays niyg P£l plae pra rbr rdz riO rel rer sEp soww sow/ uk. uks v£r vga wad wan waw wayd

IV-/ iygEy uwlay uwwe ?wiy

/•-

Jiyt yar yad yuwh aki aid ar. az. &£ys e.h a-? agr am£ ana anC ap. eziy aen/ ayfa ayvg aywE

15 (cont.)

G&e rab ran rgow rhE ns 15 rt. .huw rtuw s.s -/i s.ae -/e ski -ayy sad atA beb til towl baed bawd tyuw biy. tal tan dew win Eke faem wak /er fiyt har yuwt hwE z-/ h aen zgow zga haep ige ze. inw ann isk arn tti 9ruw i9e fttyg klae abr kmi agi kar elk keb amw ket amae Isow amuw ep6 Iwe lEyi era m.f era m£m erae m£n erEy mliy esiy mtay eta ndiy ezr ezw nis nnEy ezy nwi aedi new aek. naym aeml nayn aepe niyd ae?. niyv aygE pn ayje

15 (cont)

Ey.6 cyki Eysa lyin uw.a ?hae ?yuw 14 .ar .li -tty .?ow -I

..3 ape ble ben day dag deft Emb £8. fut him har hen idz ik. iliy kaf Idi led liys mi6 mid map n£e nEr nowv nsiy nze n8i nOe niyt n?t owte owz. p.a Pik pows

T A B L E S OF

14

14

13

13

12

12

12

11

11

(cont.)

(con t.)

(coni.)

(cont-)

(cont.)

(conL)

(coni.)

(cont.)

(cont)

PS. par ijer r.b r.ay r.? riz rni rowd rsk ral ros ròt res ret rem riyz slay sma spi san tes tsk tsow tòa tam vye vet wan wey. /•I z.b za z.s z.t zbi zdey zge zna zel zep or. 6in Ò1Q e.d e.s ebe eëe eka en] ept eth

azo adt cnm «t. ayse ayts eyje tyve lyrg uwha ?-v ?se ?t.

mmay mei mar miye ndz ni/ naw. nayg ow./ owhiy owniy owjiy owòa p.e pte pul put r.m rki rmi rowp rzow ray? riyk sek sow m sst stw t.b t-ay tsw tòe tuwb ud.

epr epa epey er/ etey ewa eOi an. aw.. aygow ay m. ayOa cydow cymi eyt. ly.t ly.y lyfay

enj es. ese et. e/e fin gowa got gcym id. idiy iki ime inb inh irjs isd i/i i/e

rak rde rhe rj» rkw rliy rmay rtr red rep riyw s.b s.t si? ske se. saye tu ter tri tre trey tsi tsô tway tbiy tiyv ve. wiyp /iyk yeg z/iy zòi zeg

esay evy eway aks arty ave avi aevò a?n awne aws. aw?ò ay-ay aybr ayd. aygr ayn. ayòe ayer lyd. tydr lydey lyfe tymay uwde uwsiy uwviy ?.s ?.ay ?we ?òe ?ed

OIQ

-br .hw .nay -Be .af abl ant arm arv bes bin bla bruw biy. fien Ceyn dbiy dhiy

dre diyw enz e?. hat idy ifft ik. ina ina iniy iQh isw i/izf izm i6e i?i kep kti l.a lat Ibiy Iney liyg liyp liyw liyz m.d m.g mzi mze mar mayt nday ngi nke npu ne? nan ow.m ow.? owzl owem ower prow pep QZ. rjan Den rge rid

ril rli rse rt. rev riyf nyg riyp s.h sel ska Sil sowe sowiy sny stay sew siyi siyò t.m tit tsa tiy. tuwm war weyd yel yeh yew yuwm Z.I z.m zje zed zet alow ani e.m e.p e.a eba ede ein eley emow enr enuw erj esm ewi e/iy ezp

1 1

-fa -9' .1« .me -OW.

.wa .Si .ayl ani a?. bliy boyz dij dis dmay dray dwe es. et. fray gowl gai idn i]e ink inz isl klow kle kri ksp kwe lek Ize Icye m.l mam

VII)

vit wes yuwi Zlt zowl zown zowv af. ont ariy Ome Grow òiye e.ay ef. efay emk

lyli

lyn. lyriy lysi lywa lyye lyer iyeò ?miy ?ep 11 1Z .dow .dy .ka .ma .naw .pr -tiy .ek .et .aye akt bad ber bek biyC Cik d.s dan dim diyd duw. eis

IZl

kei kwe kye kyuw kan kat l-ay lay? m.p mps mam n.e n.n nfr nfay ngc nid nif nni nniy nal nayh niye n?g ow.i ownt owan pio pra pòe rjki r-J

alw ate Ò0W.

»8/ e.n ebey eda efy eha ehe ehe eks elw epe eruw esd esw

579

TRIPHONES

11

11 (cont.)

ezz eòi eem ak. ame aeri a?m awn. aws. awtft ayfr aymg ayz. eyiQ eymd eynj eys. eys. cyts eyen ly.d lyiz lykey lynay lyt. lyt. lyte lywiy iyör lyem lyez lyad lyan lyaev uwle uwyuw uwer ?.m ?it ?al 10 -gay .mow -pa .sp .sey .wey .es .?a .?n ag.

10

10

(cont.)

(cont.)

ar. brow bayk bayft bay. ¿el d.i d.t d.ay ded d&i def diyk duwy duwft duwe elz £16 erf evi eòe e?s fye fes ges g raw gay. h.. hil hawd hiyj ifi ine iny iQf i/. «O izh i?n k.w ken kse k/o la l.ò Ibe lowv lye lyuw led liyn m.o

mmi mpi n.d n-g nad nfa nna nsw nte nwe niyk niyl niyp ow.s owdi own. owze owòey owet pu? pan pawn Qeb rowk rsiy rzd rzi re. reyn r?t sal se? sfe sgow ska skr ssow seg t.s t.t tam tra tsd tsy tsey tey tiym vri vel vep we/ Wll

580

F I F T H

G R A D E

10

10

9

9

9

9

8

8

8

8

8

7

(cant)

(conL)

(corn.)

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(corn.)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont)

(cont.)

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ways

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inj

TABLES OF TRIPHONES 7 (coot)

7 (COOL)

7 (COOL)

mad rzw lOt mas roQ IQP mawt r6a 1ST miyd raw ith miys raz its n.f rayz lt& n.l IVl rcys nbiy nyC ila ndft i?b nyn nik ruw. Inkt Itk ruwp Jan nowp ruwa Juws npiy 8.1 k.r na. •-Y nva sbay k-Y nwa S£S kat n/i kcl sma niym sowb kla n?m sowd kit n?w aowk klay kmiy n?y spa owmay spuw kai ownow 88i kas kway OWt- •ts kaw owtuw sak kayn ow/i sa? owz. sat l.h ow?. sa? 1.8 siyr Lt pit 1.? siyz ptj suwz Igu pra t£V lit pas Iowa piyr tsc Iowa puwk tarn puwl tss 1st lak ttuw qgl twiy qin lap nop tjiy lat layn r.f taa r.k t£yd ley r.l liyf tuwd liyh rbc tuwy uk. liyr rbu mat rgi ukt mda rhaw urn« Vlt mtt rko mha rla vza mik rnuw vak myuw rowt viy. man rowa wEw mad rpiy wiC mak rzn wown

7 (com.) WD/ wiyl wiya Jow. Jaz Jiyr v« ya yaa yuwc yuwp z.f z.n zar zba zba zfa zid zli zma zn? zpa zat zah zawt afb 3fl sis and onm any art aji lal 2an 8an Oawz 6av bcym a.l a.6 adf adt ady acv afl alp ala amcy aph apa aqk

7 (coot) aal asn as? azk azow aza a?n •?V ads adw aki akl aliy apa aqk aan a?h a?a awnn awta awza ay.h ay .a ay-» ayhcy ayn. aynt ayown aypu ayad ay?6 £y.a £V? fyd. cydaw cygz Cyin cypl eysi cysk cyta «ytiy ly.f lyds lyfa tygu lyk. iyk£ tylb tyla lylay iymc

7 6 (conL) (COOL) lync agow lyni ak. lynow ana lyown anz lyry arf lyre arg lyray a?b lyso a?w lytr a?A lytuw bif lywa bla lyzb bli br£y lyzk lyzn bea lyzt Ctuw lytyt d.n uw.y dka uwm. dliy uwmay dap uwac dsa uwfta dacy ?.b dsiy ?.n dtuw dcyn ?-/ ?naw dcyw ?8l dtyay ?t. diyg ?wu diyp ?ah (daw ?ar £gz ?at Ekt cm. ay.. £np 0 erh £rl .ba .bay £rn £r6 .dc CSS -flu Juw fhi .kw fiO Ja fis .n& fi? .oway frey -tay ful .ve fal .?aw fcys .?£y fcyv gar a.b a.ay gin abiy git at. gowh adiy gowa

6 (COOL)

gow6 gny gruw gwa gza gal gas gay. hav htyt hiya tkiy lib ila mow iqow iqaw isf ish isy izd izl Jap k.t kal kfa khiy kad ksow ktuw ku? kav kar ka? kawt kcyj la? Icn lc? If. Iim IU lowp Is. Isk Isa It. It£ Ian laym icyk Icyt

581 6

6 (conL) Icyz owma liyk ownh mgow owzd m]a ow6i mki owah mka owayg mlay P-w mna pre mowr pti mowv pwa mpr p&a msc pan mat 0-J mtuw Q-y mft£y qga mak OiO mal Ok. may? Qks miyt a»£ r.n n.k nba r.t nbay rck rfi ndf ndh rfiy nda rga nfi rhi nga rhiy nhaw rii n? nki nma rkr now? rkt npa rka rl. npr rmiy nny nsay rn. nth rowl rowz nta nej rru nayl rwa nayp rwu nayy r/iy naya rzg niya raf n?b rcyz n?d rcy? n?k raya n?n s.g owdaw s.n owka sbr owkcy sdt owlb s£m owlay sha (COOL)

6

6

(COOL)

(COOL)

Sid skaw skiy sma snay sniy spa spu spa swa sah sat sav U tbr tEm tfr tma tncy tray tsa tsh tud tav tOr teC ta? tak tayd tiyr tuwg tllWl tuwl tuwn tuws udb udg udn uds uka u?. v.k vda vis vsa vwa vol wes wiz wa£ waft wayt

wcyv wcyz wiyf wiya Jud yet ycay yaow yap yao yuwb z.a Zfl zfay zhi zik ziz zka zka zmi zma zma zpr ztc ztr zaf z6a z6ty zay zaw? afh an. ana anf DQt at. at& ava bem &az 6aa bad biya adh afa agl akd akow ek£y alaw amg

FIFTH

582

GRADE

5

5

6

6

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

(COOL)

(corn.)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont.)

(conL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

amn

Eyz. ly.m iv-ay iy£i tyfi lyhi iyiO lykiy lylE lyln lylr lym. lypr lyps tyrs lysay iyt£ lyzf lyzi tyzl lyziy lyow lybE lyel lyep uwcv uwg£ uwhe uwli uwme uwmiy uwne uwsk uwts uwwa uwyiy uwzd UWZl uwOt uwem ?.d ?bay ?daw ?liy ?mi ?n£ ?nt 7tw

.bay .b£y -Ci -dr .dty

dfi dfe dgt dgu die dit dn? dn dra dsk dur dy£ dOr dba dbiy de. deO dee da? d£yd d£ye £dr £ki £kiy

gowf goww gz gze ged h.f h.e h.ay hab has hawb hawk haye ids ida ife ifay igb ifli igs igw ikn il. il. ili tly ims imay inp irjr IQY iqa itf itt ivd ivy izw izb i9. lel ten i?h i?k Un I«k lel lap k.i k.m k.J k.ay kda

kde kiz krfy ksk ksi ksa ksa k6£ keh kam kEys kiy. I.b l.l l.n I-/ Ibr IbEy Idw Idz lha lik li? Ik. Iki Ikl InE Ire Iriy Iwiy las I6£ Iba lawd layb layg l£y. Iiyd liyt m.£ m.n m.ow m£s mhiy mp. mpk mpiy mwi mye mzr mzt mzw

mzaw mad môi meg mayp mayr n.p n.r n.a na. nbl ne. nduw nst nfo ngr nhay nil nka nka nia nowi nowl nows npe nray nta nti ntt ntu nt£y n/e ny£ nzd nzow nor nav nar nayv nayfl nay? niyC niyb nuwt n?l n?s n?6 n?e ow.d ow.g ow.n ow.p

owbi owfe owl m owmE owp. owrd owsl ow/e owye owbiy oway. pap p£r pfe pkl pie play pse ptuw pet pEyn piy. piyE piyz Q.S qbe Qfe rjhe Qhiy Oit Qi? qmiy

rsp rsay rw£ rfow ry£ ran rat rae rôt re? rag rEyk riyy riyb ruwi ruwft ruwe r?i s.k s-/ sba S£t sfr sgr sje skay slE sle sm£ sowl spow spr spiy ssEy sth stn stt sOr s6a s eC san sawn sayn sayz s£yi sEye siy. siym siyw t-g t.k t.a

tan tbi tba t£d «p tfa the ti? tka tra tra ttiy twu tw£y taf t®I teiy tawt tayn tuwp udk udy uld un utb u?b u?n v.t var vhe vi m vmi vmay vte vtuw

/iym Jiya Jiya Jiy? ye£ yuwa yuwi yuwj yuw6 z.a

erv

asa eta 9V.

evh 8WU

ez6 «71

adb adh adm cm. «now anz ana

aes. ath avs awe a?k awer aw?f ay.l ay.w ayda aydiy aytn aykE ayku aymi aymw aymey aym aynuw ays. ayti ayve aywa ay av ay?n Ey.ay tyd. £ydr Eyga £ynz cyne cyowv £ypr £y»b « J EysE Eytb -b£

.fl .fu

-fiy .how .hay .le .muw -n/ -OWV

.pa .ta .tu .ev .ez .at ,.£y -iy abe aii am. amz anf anb amy ap. apr atw 8?a

a?k b£k b£l braw byuw bai ban bas baye biyi biyw biyz C£r iek d-0 d.k daj dbay d£S

£1.

£lm Elay £1?

Emi Ena Enaw Ert Er? Esd Esl Ut

Eze E?b fia flay fu? fev fas fayd fayf fayt faye fuwd g.a gai gan gowb

QOWV

qqe qwi QZk ijel r.r rar rtl

rfa rfb rgE rha nm rld rlay rm£ rnow row. rowg rowv

vz.

val wad wat wa? wir wum we. wayn wEyf wiyb Ja? JCe AP Jur Jiyi JiVl

Zji

z-g z.ow z.p z.r zbay zfr zgE zgr zhow zhe zhaw zkr zle zlu zla zri zray •zta ZWE

zwa ZZl

zOr zef za? ziy. ziyk z?e ag. agz akt aliy

5 (conL)

eb. ebow ebs eda egu ehay ehiy ekaw elf ell emf emj esow eva ew£ e/i eza ezd ezf e?i af. akb ati aele an£ asi asm ass aty av. avd avy

»/•

a?a a?b a?e awdc awnz awtf aw?n ay-f 3Q. ay.g ast ay-p azb ay.? 6at aybe aydh »•y 6eO aydz bas aydb beyf •yfty aykb biya biyow ayky

T A B L E S OF T R I P H O N E S

5 (COM.)

ayle aymn aymy ayrow ayny aysD aytiy ayvt ayem ayav ayaz ay«? £y.s £y-J Eydz Eyd6 Eygr cyn. Eynt Eynay iyny EywE eyze eyem ly.k iy.1 ly.a tybay lyd. lydh lydt lyduw iy£l iy£v lyhay tyhiy iyji lylu lylz lyls tynw iyn6 lypiy iyrb lyrow lyr® lysk tysow lyss lytow lyts lytw

5 (conL)

5 (COIIL)

iyviy ?owv lyyiy ?sw lyyuw ?siy lyzd ?tty lyzh ?az lyzm ?awe tyzp ?ay. tyzw ?ayd tyza ayz. iyòc ayze iyed oyer tyas A 4 iy?a uw.w ag uw.b .am uw.c -bl UW-? .da uwar .daw uwbae .ha uwdi .. .he uwdow .Jow uwge .k£ UWl? .me uwn. .ney uwsi .own uwtr .owò uwv. -pa uwvd -rae uwve .rey uwya .sw uwze -ee uwab .aea uwal .awe uwe? .ayb ?.f .ay« .?b ?-P ?.m -?iy ?al a.w ?an afif ?br ad. ?ba •I® ?ba akft ?biy aka ?dcy alf ?fi als al? ?fa ?ge ama an. ?hi ?li ap. ?now apa ?nay ari arn ?ow.

583

4 (cont.)

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

(COKL)

(conL)

(conL)

(conL)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont)

ars ary ar& ati atm a?i a?m bam bar ba& bli bay bav baym biyb biym biyn biyr biyt

ed& £lh clow elw emp Erd e raw ESk ESP EsEy eta ew. ces eeay f-y fik fix fit frae

rpae rsd raw rtE rti rtk rta rzr rza rad rOi r8e re. rae6 rae? raw? ray. rayt rayn rays rEyl nyty riy? ruwf r?m r?n sbe si£y sdow sdr sEr sfl sha sht Sll sk. ski slEy sna snt snow sp£y SSE SSC swe sya syuw sal sef sayk seyl siyh

suwn t-J t.l tbc tda tdEy tfa tif tim tka tke tli tmi tne town trow traw truw tsf tsj tt£ tte tee tiyf tiys tuwh tuwt tuwiy tuw? uda ukò v.ay vbt vdt vii vme vmty

wEyl wEyt wtyn wtyy Jat /owd Jed /es /ev J£yp y£h yur yeb yeas yuwf yuwy z.O zbr zdr zfa zgi zgu zts zpE zpl zpEy ztEy zwa zy£

irte ipip iqn ise itb itn ity itiy izt izj iza i?l i?m l?Z i?a i?6 i?aw lak t-0 Ian fòt òak ]uwd fay? i£k Jayn fiy? Ctw k.b giQ Cwe k.p gis ¿eh k.s Sii gowow kan Cat d.e gowaw kbe deb grow kfi dkey gyuw kik dmi kla gap dmiy gez klaw dnc gayw kmay dow? h.s ksm h.w ksfl dpi dtr hat kt. dwi hit kt. dzf ktl he. dzi hez ktr dof haw. kuk daw huw. kze dayl ibe kad kftiy daym ide dcys idt kas idft kap diye diyf iday kaO kawi dtym idey diyv tfr kawn diycy ifw kiy. kiyi ikb t-J eah tin kiyz eda ilz i.e Edy ima lar

Iba Idm Id6 Ifi Ifr lif Ua Iky Ikey llay lliy Imow Imay Iniy Isp Isiy Ivz Iwe Iwey lav l&ow l&ey le. laf laef lawt lay. leyb leym liyò liye liyay man mbiy mei mge mhae mma mte mtiy m/iy mzb m&c meb miyf miyft nal nan nfu nfae njd nlu

nmey nmiy nna nowm nowr nam nsae ntg ntk nty nwa nyiy nzi nzn nzw n0s ne. neO naed nawr nawt nayk neyj neyk neyw niyj niyy nuwi nuwk n?p ow.k ow.t owbe owd. owit

p.t phty powv pra pny psa pta pu/ pad pav pa? pty. ptyc o-f Q.h Q.W 0-6 qde rjdaw r)£n any QtUW qzl QZ& QOl QÒC qem qes qawt r.e r-g r.p rbt rda rdb 0W1? rda owk. rdae owln rfay owle rgr ownz rgay owowv rhey owp. nb rtk owt. owwe rkl owwi rkiy owway rls owyuw rlu owOe rmey owep rnd owayk row. oways row/ owayw rpi

zzi

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584

FIFTH GRADE

4

4

4

4

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

(con I.)

(com.)

(cont)

(cont)

(COOL)

(coot.)

(COKL)

(cont.)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

(cont)

or? Dt. az/ 36« a?ó emiy Biy. ó£ya óiya

age ale alcy anl anp apiy as. atw avw aBiy a?d a?r a?8 awC. awke awme awnh awta awe. aw?s ay.d ay.k aydc aydr aydaw ayduw ayfa ayfiy ayge ayhe ayio ayk. aykf ayl. aymd ayml aymó aync ayn aysw aytow ayvb aywi ayz. ayze ayzey aye. ey.i cybey £y£n £yfr Eyge

£yg£y £ykf Eykó £ylz Eyliy £ymm £yms £ymay £ym£y tymiy £yre £ysl £ys£y £yvi £yvr £ywiy £yye £yzb Eyzy £y6e £yel £y?. £y?t iV-E IV-? lyba iyClyCt iyd£ tyday lyfa tyfaw lyhey tyif lyit tyka lyki lykw lyl. tyld lylk lyls lyla lym.

a.6 abd aCI a£t ad. ada afb ah. ah. al. amm an? apt apt arr ast atb att atg aOi a?l bdo bde biz ble bl£y br£ bra bst bse bas base baw. bayh bays b£yz biyd biyg biyft biy£y i.b Cme Ctay iep Ces iayl 6£ys Ciyd Ciyr d.l d.6 dboy

dfa dfay dgow dhe dkr dme dm£y dng dnow drow dtw dtty dw(y dwiy djiy dzg dzh dzm dz& dav dawd dawt dayn dayt dayw daye d£ym diyb diyi diyr diyft diy? £.w £.ay £biy £Ce £dk £dt £dw £]8 £l£ £ln £miy £na £now £nv £n6 £pw £rk £rp Err Era

EZ. EZZ Eer Ee? E?b E?1 E?m E?r £?e f.i f.m f.t fal fEr ffr fit fliy fown fra fse ft. fwEy fwiy fayh fiyz fuwl g.w g.e g£& giz gie gowk gn gar geb g»; gays gayó g£yn geyt h.d h.k h.y

hawe hfyd h£y? hiyp hiya huw. huwh huwk huww huwz huwiy ida idh idw ifd tga igy ike ikj ilh imb inl inr inaw in£y ipi ipt iqa iQ/ inay iQiy iQ? isi ltd lt£ ituw iwaw i/d i/h i/k ijm i/t

iez i?d i?r Jtk Jowk ]eg Juwn k.d k.a k.? kag kba kb£ kCe kdi kgu klu kl£y knEy kowa kray ksf ksy ksb ksay kt£ kwa kwiy ke. kag kal k£y. kiyg kiyow kiyw

lk. Ik£ lm£ Ima lowz Ipa Ipi Isa Itr Itay iyc Izh Izi Izl Izw Iza lal I0i l&iy leg leí lew l»J lez laq lar lat laj layd layi layó laye lEyf leyó liyv liyy m.a m.r mba mdi mda mgr mit

h.a

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hal has h£? hid hi? hwe hed heq

it.

izr izz iziy i0b lOs lOy i&i 1er

l-I

l.k l.r las Ibow Iba Ibay ld£ Idaw Idiy leg l£m Ife Igow Ihi III

lie

me. mez mawd mawn mayw mEyb miyh miya m?e na. nak nbEy n¿. ní£ ndE ndow nhi nja nka nkr nk£y nle nnuw nowd now£ nowt now/ nowy nruw nsb nsp nsó ns£y ntl nta nya nzb nzh nzm nzt nza nóow ne¡ mm. nea mme naf mniy nak mpt nap msi na/ msow nawd mwiy naww naw? mzó móiy nayr

TABLES OF

3 (COtlL)

3 (cont)

3 (COOL)

3 (cont)

3 (cont)

nayz nty. ntyg ntyh nEyi n£yp niyi nuwy n?. n?h n?r ow.f ow.l ow.r owboy

pak pan pat pit

rfa rfEy rfuw rgy rg£y

s-P 8.0 san sar sbaw s£e sdc sdcy sft sfiy sgc sgo sga sgcy skow skt sky skEy sla si a sna

tba tba tbay tga tma tmiy towd towk towv tpaw U t tsaw tarn t6ow taf tawn tayw taya tEyb tcyl tEy? tiyw tiyz tuwk tuwr tuwj toyz ud6 uday udiy ukm ukty ul. ulb Ull ula umt utf uts uta ual uan u?a v.s vha vik viz

PLI

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SOWE

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VI?

vn£ vag vah val

TRIPHONES

58!

3 (cont)

3 (cont)

3 (cont)

3 (cont.)

3 (cont.)

3 (cont.)

3 (cont.)

V8W

zsi zsp zsay zway zzEy

6a6 taw b£yn

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awbi awd. awdi awiz awmE awnE awns awse awzi awen ay.b ay.i ay.t aybay ayda ayds ayha ayji ayka aykr ayld aylE ayms aymj ay m o ayrfw ayniy aype ayr. ayr. ays. aysEy aysiy aytu ayta aytEy ayvh ayvp ayvr ayvs aywa aywow aywu ayzi ayzw ayeb ayeo ayeft ay?a £y.£ £y.g £y.n

Eyit EyCEy Eydh Eyduw EygE Eygow Eyi? Eyk. Eyko Eyka Eyl. Eylb Eyle Eylay Eymb Eymk Eymow Eymp Eymo Eyni Eypu Eyr. Eyrb Eyrd Eyrh Eyrs Eyso Eytu Eytuw Eywow Eywo Eywiy Eyjiy Eyol Eyeb Eyep

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viy. viyO WE6 WE?

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ZOW

zaft zaj zaek zaep zat zay. ziyd ziyr ziyw ziyz z?Ey odi odw of. ogi olg oik slay omay ont onr one ope OQW

ore orf orj orw OS.

ov. ovi OZl oen oer 3?( iliy 9d£y 9gr Omay OrE Oye 06e Oev Oiys 6E? &eow

6£yJ 6£ya 6iye.S

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FIFTH G R A D E

586

2

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

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(com.)

(conL)

(conL)

(com.)

(corn.)

(cont.)

(cont.)

(com.)

(com.)

(com.)

(cont)

uwrm

-by

ayv

ata

howt

imf

Jet

k£yd

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atow

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k£y.

ath

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-£fl

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howr

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k£yn

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hyuw

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